Biomphalaria stanleyi

Biomphalaria stanleyi
Conservation status
	; Near Threatened (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Heterobranchia; clade Euthyneura; clade Panpulmonata; clade Hygrophila
Superfamily:	Planorboidea
Family:	Planorbidae
Subfamily:	Planorbinae
Tribe:	Biomphalariini
Genus:	Biomphalaria
Species:	B. stanleyi
Binomial name
	Biomphalaria stanleyi; (Smith, 1888)
Synonyms[2]
	Planorbis stanleyi Smith, 1888

Biomphalaria stanleyi is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.

Distribution

This species is African, and occurs in:

Lake Albert,[3] Uganda. (Lake Albert is between Uganda and Democratic Republic of the Congo)
Lake Chad
Lake Cohoha in Burundi

Phylogeny

A cladogram showing phylogenic relations of species in the genus Biomphalaria:[4]

Biomphalaria

	Biomphalaria stanleyi

	Biomphalaria pfeifferi

Biomphalaria camerunensis

Nilotic species complex

	Biomphalaria sudanica

	Biomphalaria choanomphala

Biomphalaria alexandrina

Biomphalaria smithi

Biomphalaria glabrata

Biomphalaria straminea complex

	Biomphalaria kuhniana

	Biomphalaria straminea

	Biomphalaria straminea

	Biomphalaria intermedia

	Biomphalaria amazonica

	Biomphalaria sp.

	Biomphalaria tenagophila

	Biomphalaria occidentalis

	Biomphalaria prona

	Biomphalaria andecola

Biomphalaria sp. (? Biomphalaria havanensis)

	Biomphalaria sp. (? Biomphalaria havanensis)

	Biomphalaria temascalensis

Biomphalaria obstructa

Biomphalaria helophila

Biomphalaria peregrina

Biomphalaria schrammi

Ecology

Biomphalaria stanleyi is found in deeper water in Lake Albert.[3]

Parasites of Biomphalaria stanleyi include Schistosoma mansoni.[2]

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References

IUCN (2012). "Biomphalaria stanleyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)old-form url
Brown D. S. (1994). Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-7484-0026-5.
Kazibwe, F.; Makanga, B.; Rubaire-Akiiki, C.; Ouma, J.; Kariuki, C.; Kabatereine, N. B.; Booth, M.; Vennervald, B. J.; Sturrock, R. F.; Stothard, J. R. (2006). "Ecology of Biomphalaria (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Lake Albert, Western Uganda: Snail distributions, infection with schistosomes and temporal associations with environmental dynamics". Hydrobiologia. 568: 433–444. doi:10.1007/s10750-006-0224-y.
Dejong, R. J.; Morgan, J. A.; Paraense, W. L.; Pointier, J. P.; Amarista, M.; Ayeh-Kumi, P. F.; Babiker, A.; Barbosa, C. S.; Brémond, P.; Pedro Canese, A.; De Souza, C. P.; Dominguez, C.; File, S.; Gutierrez, A.; Incani, R. N.; Kawano, T.; Kazibwe, F.; Kpikpi, J.; Lwambo, N. J.; Mimpfoundi, R.; Njiokou, F.; Noël Poda, J.; Sene, M.; Velásquez, L. E.; Yong, M.; Adema, C. M.; Hofkin, B. V.; Mkoji, G. M.; Loker, E. S. (2001). "Evolutionary relationships and biogeography of Biomphalaria (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) with implications regarding its role as host of the human bloodfluke, Schistosoma mansoni". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 18 (12): 2225–2239. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003769. PMID 11719572.

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[1] IUCN (2012). "Biomphalaria stanleyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)old-form url

[Brown_1994-2] Brown D. S. (1994). Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-7484-0026-5.

[Kazibwe_2006-3] Kazibwe, F.; Makanga, B.; Rubaire-Akiiki, C.; Ouma, J.; Kariuki, C.; Kabatereine, N. B.; Booth, M.; Vennervald, B. J.; Sturrock, R. F.; Stothard, J. R. (2006). "Ecology of Biomphalaria (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Lake Albert, Western Uganda: Snail distributions, infection with schistosomes and temporal associations with environmental dynamics". Hydrobiologia. 568: 433–444. doi:10.1007/s10750-006-0224-y.

[DeJong2001-4] Dejong, R. J.; Morgan, J. A.; Paraense, W. L.; Pointier, J. P.; Amarista, M.; Ayeh-Kumi, P. F.; Babiker, A.; Barbosa, C. S.; Brémond, P.; Pedro Canese, A.; De Souza, C. P.; Dominguez, C.; File, S.; Gutierrez, A.; Incani, R. N.; Kawano, T.; Kazibwe, F.; Kpikpi, J.; Lwambo, N. J.; Mimpfoundi, R.; Njiokou, F.; Noël Poda, J.; Sene, M.; Velásquez, L. E.; Yong, M.; Adema, C. M.; Hofkin, B. V.; Mkoji, G. M.; Loker, E. S. (2001). "Evolutionary relationships and biogeography of Biomphalaria (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) with implications regarding its role as host of the human bloodfluke, Schistosoma mansoni". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 18 (12): 2225–2239. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003769. PMID 11719572.