Big Brother Brasil 14

Big Brother Brasil 14 was the fourteenth season of Big Brother Brasil which premiered January 14, 2014, with the season finale airing April 1, 2014 on the Rede Globo television network.[1]

Big Brother Brasil 14
Presented byPedro Bial
No. of days78
No. of housemates20
WinnerVanessa Mesquita
Runner-upAngela Munhoz
Country of originBrazil
No. of episodes78
Release
Original networkGlobo
Original releaseJanuary 14 (2014-01-14) 
April 1, 2014 (2014-04-01)
Season chronology

The show is produced by Endemol Globo and presented by journalist and interviewer Pedro Bial. The season is officially confirmed since March 2012 as part of a millionaire contract between international Endemol and Rede Globo, which guaranteed the show's rights until 2016.[2]

The grand prize is R$1.5 million with tax allowances, with a R$150,000 prize offered to the runner up and a R$50,000 prize offered to the 3rd place.

For the first time ever, three women reached together the Big Brother final. Also, for the first time, BBB had two female winners in back-to-back seasons.

Fitness model Vanessa Mesquita won the competition over lawyer Angela Munhoz and cam-girl Clara Aguilar with 53% of the final vote.

Production

Cast

Regional applications were due from March 26, 2013 to September 30, 2013.[3] Regional auditions were held from June 22, 2013 to November 22, 2013 in ten different cities over Brazil.[4]

National applications started on October 1, 2013 until November 15, 2013. The semi-finalist interviews were held late in November 2013 and the final casting interviews took place early in December 2013.[5]

The game

Big Brother in fiction

During December 2013 and January 2014, be a Big Brother Brasil housemate was a dream for Valdirene (a character played by Tatá Werneck on Rede Globo's primetime telenovela Amor à Vida).

In the series, Valdirene ended up locked in a fake Glass house with Murilo (Emílio Orciollo Neto) and Jefferson (Celso Bernini).[6] The trio was joined by blonde bombshell Ellen (Dani Vieira), who instantly became Val's greatest enemy.[7] Ultimately, Valdirene "received" the most votes from the public (who did not actually vote) and secured a place in the Big Brother house.[8]

Valdirene entered the actual Big Brother house on January 15, 2014, and her journey can be described as an emotional rollercoaster.[9] During a 12 hour-stay, Valdirene kissed, celebrated and got involved in arguments with her fellow housemates (the actual Big Brother housemates who were instructed by the producers to play along with her).

In the morning of January 16, 2014, Valdirene was "evicted" after came in last in a fictional elimination challenge. She refused to leave and had to be carried by security on her way out of the house. Real footage of Valdirene in the house aired on the same day during episode 208 of Amor à Vida, with Tatá Werneck's improvisation acting skills being heavily praised by the critics and the public.[10]

Big Brother Turbo

During the first week, for the first time ever, three housemates were evicted from the House (the first on day 3, the second on day 6 and the third on day 8) after separate rounds of nominations and public vote. This '3 weeks in 1' event was billed by the producers as BBB Turbo.[11] On week 2, three more housemates left the game (the first on day 10, the second on day 13 and the third on day 15), resulting in six housemates evicted from the competition in the first two weeks.[12]

Big Mother Brasil

On March 8 (day 54), in the International Women's Day, 7 mothers and 2 aunts, relatives of the 9 remaining housemates, entered the Big Brother Brasil house to celebrate that day. This was the twist promised by Boninho, chief director in his Twitter profile. The housemates could not see or touch their relatives because the house was divided by a wall, as occurred in the first week of Big Brother Brasil 9, which divided the house in side A and side B. An improvised house was assembled for the mothers and aunts. They stayed in the house until March 13.[13]

On day 55, relatives had to vote for the housemate they want to win an immunity for week 8's nominations. Sol (Vanessa's mother) and Susi (Cássio's mother) voted for Clara. Ivone (Angela's mom) and Bel (Tatiele's mother) voted for Marcelo. Adriana (Clara's aunt) chose Vanessa. Márcia (Diego's mom) chose Cássio. Ledi (Aline's mom) voted for Diego. Leda (Marcelo's mom) and Zezinha (Valter's aunt) chose Angela. So, Clara, Marcelo and Angela tied with 2 votes each and Zezinha had the casting vote. She chose Angela to be immune.

On day 57, due to Aline's eviction, her mother Ledi, who was the relative most popular among viewers, had to leave the house too.

On day 59, after helping housemates in the HoH competition, mothers and aunts left the house.

Power of No

Week Power of No Total vetoed Previous HoH Vetoed housemates
2 Franciele 3 Cássio Amanda, Roni, Tatiele
3 Letícia 5 Roni Aline, Diego, Junior, Marcelo, Valter
4 Cássio 2 Cássio Angela, Vanessa
5 Cássio 2 Marcelo Aline, Vanessa
6 Clara 5 Clara Cássio, Marcelo, Roni, Tatiele, Valter
8 Raffle 4 Tatiele Angela, Cássio, Diego, Marcelo
10 Tatiele 3 Cássio Angela, Clara, Valter

Big Phone

Week Date Timeslot (BRT) Housemate Consequences
3 January 31, 2014 Friday
11:45pm
Vanessa See
Note 14
4 February 7, 2014 Friday
11:15pm
Aline See
Note 15
5 February 14, 2014 Friday
11:15pm
Diego See
Note 18
9 March 16, 2014 Sunday
11:45pm
Cássio See
Note 24

Housemates

The cast list was unveiled on January 7, 2014.[14]

(ages stated at time of contest)

Name Age Occupation Hometown
Aline Dahlen 29 Actress Porto Alegre
Alisson Gomes 27 Teacher Contagem
Amanda Gontijo 23 Engineering student Divinópolis
Angela Munhoz 26 Lawyer São Roque
Cássio Lannes 22 Advertising student Alvorada
Clara Aguilar 25 Businesswoman São Paulo
Diego Grossi 31 Advertiser Rio de Janeiro
Franciele Almeida 24 Event producer Santa Rosa
Isabella "Bella" Maia 27 Ballet dancer Recife
João Almeida 31 Fortune-teller Rio de Janeiro
Letícia Santiago 27 Bachelor of Law Belo Horizonte
Marcelo Zagonel 26 Administrator Curitiba
Princy Cavalcante 32 Real estate agent Goiânia
Rodrigo Lima 28 Chef Recife
Ronildo "Roni" Mazon 27 Model Iacri
Salvador "Junior" Gianetti 27 Sales supervisor São Paulo
Tatiele Polyana 22 Miss Cianorte
Vagner Lara 37 Businessman São Paulo
Valter Araújo 35 Rapper São Paulo
Vanessa Mesquita 27 Model São Paulo

Future Appearances

In 2018, Fraciele Grossi (née Almeida) and Diego Grossi appeared as a couple in Power Couple Brasil 3, they finished in 9th place after being ejected because of Diego's violent behaviour towards other housemates.

In 2018, Franciele Grossi appeared in Dancing Brasil 4, she finished in 13th place.

In 2019, Diego Grossi appeared in A Fazenda 11, he finished as 2nd Runner-Up

Voting history

Key
     – Orange team
     – Purple team
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Week 11 Votes
received
Day 2 Day 5 Day 7 Day 8 Day 11 Day 14 Day 67 Day 69 Day 71 Day 75 Finale
Head of
Household
Amanda Valter Tatiele Cássio Letícia Roni Cássio Marcelo Clara Aline Tatiele Valter Cássio Vanessa Valter Marcelo Angela (none)
Power of
Immunity
(none) Aline Junior Marcelo Angela Valter Tatiele Marcelo (none)
Saved Valter Cássio Roni Valter Cássio Tatiele Tatiele
Big Phone Vanessa Aline Diego (none) Cássio
Nomination
(Big Phone)
Marcelo Aline Diego Vanessa
Nomination
(HoH)
Valter Alisson Angela Marcelo Diego Franciele Vanessa Junior Letícia Diego Franciele Aline Marcelo Cássio Tatiele Valter Vanessa (none)
Nomination
(Housemates)
Diego
João
Amanda
Princy
Aline
Rodrigo
Princy
Vanessa
Bella
Franciele
Cássio
Vagner
Amanda Vanessa Cássio Roni Angela Marcelo Diego Marcelo Marcelo Clara Marcelo
Vanessa João Princy Aline Princy Franciele Cássio Aline Franciele Cássio Franciele Angela Diego Diego Head of
Household
Marcelo Angela Marcelo Winner
(Day 78)
25
Angela Diego Roni Rodrigo Tatiele Franciele Diego Diego Clara Cássio Roni Clara Clara Diego Clara Vanessa Clara Head of
Household
Runner-up
(Day 78)
12
Clara João Princy Aline Princy Franciele Aline Aline Franciele Cássio Roni Angela Marcelo Diego Marcelo Marcelo Angela Not
eligible
3rd Place
(Day 78)
18
Marcelo Clara Rodrigo Cássio Vanessa Vagner Junior Junior Vanessa Vanessa Vanessa Valter Cássio Valter Valter Clara Clara Not
eligible
Evicted
(Day 76)
18
Valter Cássio Head of
Household
Rodrigo Roni Amanda Vagner Amanda Vanessa Marcelo Roni Marcelo Head of
Household
Clara Marcelo Marcelo Clara Evicted
(Day 73)
7
Tatiele Clara Princy Rodrigo Franciele Franciele Vagner Franciele Franciele Aline Franciele Head of
Household
Diego Valter Valter Clara Evicted
(Day 71)
5
Cássio Letícia Marcelo Marcelo Head of
Household
Clara Vanessa Head of
Household
Vanessa Vanessa Angela Marcelo Marcelo Head of
Household
Marcelo Evicted
(Day 69)
13
Diego João Roni Aline Princy Bella Amanda Amanda Vanessa Aline Tatiele Angela Clara Angela Evicted
(Day 64)
17
Aline Diego Amanda Vanessa Vanessa Bella Clara Letícia Letícia Cássio Head of
Household
Angela Marcelo Evicted
(Day 57)
12
Franciele João Princy Rodrigo Vanessa Vanessa Cássio Amanda Vanessa Tatiele Roni Clara Evicted
(Day 50)
23
Roni Diego Letícia Vanessa Vanessa Franciele Vagner Diego Franciele Angela Angela Evicted
(Day 43)
9
Letícia Cássio Princy Aline Princy Head of
Household
Diego Aline Franciele Aline Evicted
(Day 36)
6
Junior Franciele Amanda Letícia Vanessa Franciele Amanda Amanda Vanessa Evicted
(Day 29)
4
Amanda Diego Princy Princy Franciele Franciele Cássio Diego Evicted
(Day 22)
11
Vagner Clara Roni Marcelo Tatiele Junior Angela Evicted
(Day 15)
3
Bella Franciele Princy Cássio Franciele Franciele Evicted
(Day 13)
2
Princy Vanessa Amanda Vanessa Vanessa Evicted
(Day 10)
12
Rodrigo Clara Amanda Aline Evicted
(Day 8)
3
Alisson Diego Roni Evicted
(Day 6)
1
João Diego Evicted
(Day 3)
4
Notes 1, 2 3, 4 5, 6 7, 8 9, 10 11, 12, 13 14 15, 16, 17 18, 19, 20 21 (none) 22, 23 24 (none) 25, 26, 27 28, 29, 30 31 32
Nominated
for Eviction
Diego
João
Valter
Alisson
Amanda
Princy
Aline
Angela
Rodrigo
Marcelo
Princy
Vanessa
Bella
Diego
Franciele
Cássio
Franciele
Vagner
Amanda
Marcelo
Vanessa
Aline
Junior
Vanessa
Cássio
Diego
Letícia
Diego
Roni
Angela
Franciele
Aline
Marcelo
Diego
Marcelo
Vanessa
Cássio
Marcelo
Marcelo
Tatiele
Clara
Valter
Marcelo
Vanessa
Angela
Clara
Vanessa
Evicted João
44%
to evict
Alisson
40%
to evict
Rodrigo
48%
to evict
Princy
64%
to evict
Bella
56%
to evict
Vagner
50%
to evict
Amanda
65%
to evict
Junior
68%
to evict
Letícia
54%
to evict
Roni
60%
to evict
Franciele
66%
to evict
Aline
80%
to evict
Diego
61%
to evict
Cássio
62%
to evict
Tatiele
54%
to evict
Valter
75%
to evict
Marcelo
55%
to evict
Clara
19%
to win
Angela
28%
to win
Survived Diego
Fewest votes
to evict
Amanda
Fewest votes
to evict
Aline
Fewest votes
to evict
Marcelo
Fewest votes
to evict
Diego
Fewest votes
to evict
Cássio
Fewest votes
to evict
Marcelo
Fewest votes
to evict
Aline
Fewest votes
to evict
Cássio
Fewest votes
to evict
Diego
40%
to evict
Angela
34%
to evict
Marcelo
20%
to evict
Marcelo
Fewest votes
to evict
Marcelo
38%
to evict
Marcelo
46%
to evict
Clara
25%
to evict
Vanessa
45%
to evict
Vanessa
53%
to win
Valter
Fewest votes
to evict
Princy
Fewest votes
to evict
Angela
Fewest votes
to evict
Vanessa
Fewest votes
to evict
Franciele
Fewest votes
to evict
Franciele
Fewest votes
to evict
Vanessa
Fewest votes
to evict
Vanessa
Fewest votes
to evict
Diego
Fewest votes
to evict
Vanessa
Fewest votes
to evict

Notes

  • ^Note 1 :      On day 1, housemates competed in the first HoH competition. The housemates were divided into two teams. Amanda won it and her team (Purple) also won immunity for the first nominations.
  • ^Note 2 : At this nominations each group should nominate a housemate from Orange team. First, the Orange team nominated face to face one of them. The most voted was João, with 4 votes. Then, the Purple team nominated a member of Orange team in Diary Room. There was a tie vote between Clara and Diego, with 3 votes each. Amanda decided to nominate Diego.
  • ^Note 3 :      On day 4, housemates competed in the second HoH competition. The housemates were again divided into two teams with Leticia and Tatiele switching teams. Valter won it and his team (Orange) also won immunity for the second nominations.
  • ^Note 4 : Like last nominations, each team should nominate a housemate. First, the Purple team nominated face to face one of them. Amanda received 4 votes, Princy received 3 votes and Letícia, Rodrigo and Roni received 1 vote each, so Amanda was nominated. Then, the immune team (Orange) nominated a member of the Purple team in the Diary Room. Princy received 4 votes, Roni received 3 votes and Marcelo received 1 vote, so Princy was also nominated.
  • ^Note 5 :      On day 6, housemates competed in the third HoH competition. Leticia and Tatiele switched back to their original teams. Tatiele won it, but this time, she had to choose only four housemates from her team (Purple) to win immunity. She chose Amanda, Bella, Junior and Roni.
  • ^Note 6 : The two housemates who received the most nominations would face eviction. Aline received the most votes with 5, while Rodrigo and Vanessa tied with 3 votes each. Head of Household Tatiele broke the tie and decided to nominate Rodrigo, so he and Aline joined Angela (HoH's choice) as this round's nominees.
  • ^Note 7 :      On day 8, housemates competed in the fourth HoH competition. Following Rodrigo's eviction and Tatiele being ineligible as current HoH, Angela switched over to the Purple team to even out the teams. Cássio won it, but like last time, he had to choose only four housemates from his team (Orange) to win immunity. He chose Diego, Letícia, Vagner and Valter.
  • ^Note 8 : The two housemates who received the most nominations overall would face eviction. Vanessa received the most votes with 5, followed by Princy who received 4. Both joined Marcelo (HoH's choice) as this round's nominees.
  • ^Note 9 :      For winning the HoH challenge, Letícia have guaranteed immunity for next round's eviction.
  • ^Note 10 : The two housemates who received the most nominations overall would face eviction. Franciele received the most votes with 8, followed by Bella who received 2. Both joined Diego (HoH's choice) as this round's nominees.
  • ^Note 11 : For being the Purple team Recycler (the winner team of the sixth HoH competition), Marcelo had the right to choose the next HoH. He chose Roni.
  • ^Note 12 : The two housemates who received the most nominations overall would face eviction. Cássio received the most votes with 3, while Amanda, Diego and Vagner tied with 2 votes each. Head of Household Roni broke the tie and decided to nominate Vagner, so he and Cássio joined Franciele (HoH's choice) as this round's nominees.
  • ^Note 13 :      As HoH, Roni can choose two housemates from another team to gain an extra immunity. He chose Marcelo and Tatiele.
  • ^Note 14 :      Vanessa answered the Big Phone and should put three bracelets in three different housemates. On Sunday, she decided to which of the three gave an extra immunity (Clara) and who she nominated automatically for eviction (Marcelo).
  • ^Note 15 : Aline answered the Big Phone and was automatically nominated. She also had to put a black bracelet in the housemate that she would nominate on Sunday and keep both informations as secret until the live vote. She chose Letícia.
  • ^Note 16 : Since her vote as part of the Big Phone twist, Aline was not required to vote in the Diary Room along with her fellow housemates, so Letícia already had 1 vote even before the nominations began. The same process would happen again the following week.
  • ^Note 17 : Franciele and Vanessa tied with 5 votes each. Head of Household Marcelo broke the tie and decided to nominate Vanessa, so she joined Aline (Big Phone's victim) and Junior (HoH's choice) as this week's nominees.
  • ^Note 18 : Diego answered the Big Phone and was automatically nominated. He also had to put a black bracelet in the housemate that he would nominate on Sunday and keep both informations as secret until the live vote. He chose Aline.
  • ^Note 19 :      Due to a production error, Diego accidentally heard the same message Aline heard the previous week therefore, he was instructed to go to the Diary Room to hear the correct message that was: put a yellow bracelet in the housemate he wants to give an extra immunity. He chose Franciele. However, Diego's vote in Aline was not voided.
  • ^Note 20 : Aline and Cássio tied with 3 votes each. Head of Household Clara broke the tie and decided to nominate Cássio, so he joined Diego (Big Phone's victim) and Letícia (HoH's choice) as this week's nominees.
  • ^Note 21 :      Marcelo won a challenge on Sunday before the nominations and gained an extra immunity.
  • ^Note 22 : On day 52, Pedro Bial revealed to the audience that the winner of the Power of Immunity competition, instead of give immunity to someone else, would win the immunity. Tatiele won the PoI on day 54, but the housemates were only informed about the twist during the live nominations on day 55.
  • ^Note 23 :      On Big Mother Brasil twist, the mothers could choose one housemate to gain an extra immunity. Angela, Clara and Marcelo tied with 2 votes each. Valter's aunt (Head of Household at time) had the casting vote and gave the immunity to Angela.
  • ^Note 24 : Cássio answered the Big Phone and won the power to automatically nominate someone. He chose Vanessa.
  • ^Note 25 : Week 10 was the last week to featured Have and Have-Nots competition of the season. From this point on, housemates status would be permanent until the end of their stay in the house.
  • ^Note 26 : Week 10 featured the first double eviction of the season. Following the first eviction on day 69, the remaining housemates played a week's worth of game – including HoH and nominations with the second eviction of the week taking place two days later in another live show on day 71, which featured another round of nominations.
  • ^Note 27 : Clara and Marcelo tied with 2 votes each. Head of Household Valter broke the tie and decided to nominate Marcelo, so he joined Tatiele (HoH's choice) as this round's nominees.
  • ^Note 28 : Week 11 featured the second double eviction of the season. Following the first eviction on day 73, the remaining housemates participated in the first part of the final HoH competition, with parts two and three to be played the next two days, followed by nominations and the final eviction taking place on day 76.
  • ^Note 29 : Week 11's first HoH competition was the last where the previous HoH (Valter) was ineligible to take part in. From this point on, all remaining housemates would be eligible to compete.
  • ^Note 30 : Angela and Clara tied with 2 votes each. Head of Household Marcelo broke the tie and decided to nominate Clara, so she joined Valter (HoH's choice) as this round's nominees.
  • ^Note 31 : Angela won the final Head of Household competition and nominated Vanessa for eviction. Since Clara and Marcelo's votes would cancel each other out, only Vanessa was eligible to nominate. She chose Marcelo to be the second nominee.
  • ^Note 32 : For the final, the public will vote for the housemate they want to win Big Brother Brasil 14.

Have and Have-Nots

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10
Vanessa Have-Not Have Have Have-Not Have-Not Have Have Have-Not Yes Team Yes Team
Angela Have-Not Have-Not Have-Not Have Have Have-Not Have-Not Have No Team No Team
Clara Have-Not Have-Not Have-Not Have Have Have-Not Have Have-Not Yes Team Yes Team
Marcelo Have Have Have Have-Not Have-Not Have Have Have-Not Yes Team Yes Team
Valter Have-Not Have-Not Have-Not Have Have Have-Not Have-Not Have No Team No Team
Tatiele Have Have Have Have-Not Have-Not Have Have Have-Not Yes Team Yes Team
Cássio Have-Not Have-Not Have-Not Have Have Have-Not Have-Not Have No Team No Team
Diego Have-Not Have-Not Have-Not Have Have Have-Not Have-Not Have No Team
Aline Have Have Have Have-Not Have-Not Have Have Have-Not
Franciele Have-Not Have-Not Have-Not Have Have Have-Not Have-Not
Roni Have Have Have Have-Not Have-Not Have
Letícia Have-Not Have-Not Have-Not Have Have-Not
Junior Have Have Have Have-Not
Amanda Have Have Have
Vagner Have-Not Have-Not
Bella Have
Princy Have
Rodrigo Have

Ratings and reception

Brazilian ratings

All numbers are in points and provided by IBOPE.

First Air Date MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT SUN Weekly Average
01/14 to 01/19/2014 31 32 28 28 25 14 26
01/20 to 01/26/2014 31 25 29 25 25 25 14 25
01/27 to 02/02/2014 32 28 34 29 26 22 15 27
02/03 to 02/09/2014 26 22 27 22 23 21 12 22
02/10 to 02/16/2014 27 24 31 22 24 20 10 23
02/17 to 02/23/2014 25 20 29 21 25 20 12 22
02/24 to 03/02/2014 26 20 27 21 22 23 14 22
03/03 to 03/09/2014 24 21 26 21 23 21 14 21
03/10 to 03/16/2014 25 23 26 20 22 20 15 22
03/17 to 03/23/2014 26 24 28 22 23 22 12 22
03/24 to 03/30/2014 24 20 24 22 23 19 14 21
03/31 to 04/01/2014 24 24 24
01/14 to 04/01/2014 Season Average 23
  • In 2014, each point represents 65.000 households in São Paulo.
gollark: I see many problems.
gollark: <@!151391317740486657> Mineflayer?
gollark: <@!514040045120913410>
gollark: switchcraft.pw
gollark: I kind of wanted one so I could make an entirely pointless point about optical drives, but they don't seem to be readily available.

References

  1. "Inscrições para o "BBB14" já estão abertas, anuncia Bial" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2013-03-26.
  2. "Globo garante BBB até 2016; programa recebe 40 mil inscrições" (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2012-08-09. Retrieved 2012-03-31.
  3. "Embarque na nave louca! Faça agora sua inscrição para o BBB14" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2013-03-26.
  4. "Entrevistas regionais do BBB14 começaram em junho! Veja o calendário!" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2012-06-04.
  5. "Estão abertas as Inscrições Nacionais do BBB14! Envie o seu vídeo!" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2013-10-01.
  6. "Em "Amor à Vida", Carlito visita Valdirene na Casa de Vidro do "BBB"" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2013-01-01.
  7. ""Amor": Valdirene entra na Casa de Vidro do "BBB" e dá de cara com rival" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2013-01-02.
  8. "Em "Amor à Vida", Valdirene é escolhida para entrar no "Big Brother Brasil"" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2013-01-13.
  9. "Valdirene entra no "BBB14" durante festa, mas Globo não mostra ao vivo" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2013-01-15.
  10. "Só improviso da atriz salva ação promocional com Valdirene Comente" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2013-01-16.
  11. "Boninho fala de eliminações em 'BBB turbo'. Entenda" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2014-01-17.
  12. "Mais três serão eliminados do BBB14 até quinta; tema de festa de sábado será 'Sertão'" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2014-01-24.
  13. "Mães e tias dos brothers entram na casa, que está dividida por um muro" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2014-03-08.
  14. "Conheça os participantes do BBB14" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2014-01-07.
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