Bianca Mosca

Bianca Mosca, born Bianca Lea Rosa Mottironi,[2][3] was a London-based fashion designer who rose to prominence during the 1940s and was the only woman member of the Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers (IncSoc), which represented the interests of the British couture industry. In her heyday she was described as "one of the big 10 of the British fashion world",[4] the others being Digby Morton, Norman Harnell, Charles Creed, Molyneux, Worth, Mattli, Victor Stiebl, Hardy Amies, and Peter Russell.[5] Her firm closed in 1949, a year before her death.

Bianca Mosca
Born
Bianca Lea Rosa Mottironi

unknown
Italy
Died(1950-06-16)June 16, 1950[1]
Paris
Other namesMrs Claude B. Crawford
OccupationFashion designer
Notable credit(s)
Founder member of Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers
1945 Bianca Mosca wedding dress, part of her work with IncSoc, modelled by actress Peggy Bryan and designed to be worn in the British horror film Dead of Night

Early life and Paris career

Little is known about the early life of Bianca Mosca, but she was Italian by birth and a cousin of the fashion designer Elsa Schiaparelli, according to a 1932 article in The New Yorker, which describes her as: "the beautiful Bianca Mosca (Schiaparelli's cousin)".[6] The New Yorker article notes that she had been among Schiaparelli's notable vendeuses (salespeople) in Paris. Mosca told a reporter in 1941 that she had spent eighteen years in Paris.[7]

Move to London

In 1937 Mosca launched a business in London.[8] She was also appointed head designer for the London branch of the House of Paquin and also worked for Worth.[9][10] In 1939 she became head designer for the Jacqmar studio, and it was both as its representative and as Paquin London's that she joined the Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers as a founder member in 1942.[11][12] In her role with IncSoc and Jacqmar, she became involved with designing prototype utility clothing designs.[13]

With other IncSoc members, she became involved in creating film costumes to promote British couture. The 1949 romantic comedy Maytime in Mayfair is among her credits.[14] Earlier, she created a wedding dress for Peggy Bryan for the 1945 horror film Dead of Night—the slim-fitting bridal outfit made under the Bianca Mosca label was photographed by the Ministry of Information.

Marriage

In London, in 1942, Mosca married Claude Boisragon Crawford (born 1895), an India-born former British Army officer turned technician.[12][2][15]

Eponymous label

In 1946, Mosca opened her own couture house; this had financial backing from George Child Villiers, 9th Earl of Jersey, who would marry Mosca's niece Bianca Mottironi the following year.[16] In early 1949, a review of her collection in the Australian press highlighted "semi-eveningwear"—sleeveless, floor length gowns in organza or brocade with full underskirts and coats designed on similar principles.[17] At this stage, Mosca's notable clients included the Duchess of Kent.[18] One of her co-designers was Walter Meggison, who went on to a successful career as a fashion designer in his native Australia in the 1950s.[19]

Mosca continued to work to promote British fashion. She and Victor Stiebel—who succeeded her at Jacqmar—showed a series of suits in London in 1949 using British woollens and worsteds in a bid to attract overseas buyers.[20] Mosca was closely involved with Sekers fabrics in Whitehaven, using its silks in her collections and working with some of its innovative fabrics.[21] In 1949, she donated a dress to the collection of Doris Langley Moore, later to establish the Fashion Museum, Bath. The dress was permanently pleated and made of nylon fabric – as such, it became the first British couture dress in the collection to feature a synthetic silk.[22] Mosca designed a showstopping black brocaded silk evening gown for Margot Fonteyn, worn by the prima ballerina at a reception in New York after her opening performance of Sleeping Beauty in 1949.[23] Fonteyn was photographed by Cecil Beaton for British Vogue in this dress.[24]

By December 1949 Mosca's eponymous label was failing and the receivers were called in—this during a post-war slump in sales of British couture, due to a dwindling home market and overseas buyers' preference for Paris fashions. Claude Crawford, Mosca's husband, told the newspaper reporting the story that the company intended to continue trading under the Bianca Mosca name and was still taking orders.[18]

Death and legacy

Having fallen ill with "a rare form of asthma" [4] in 1949, the same year that she underwent what was described as "a serious operation",[25] Mosca died at Paris's Hôpital Necker[2] in June 1950.[18][26] Her obituary notice in The Sydney Morning Herald notes that she had recently opened an office in Paris to promote British fabrics in France.[1] A short tribute in The Times noted: "Fashion was her métier, and she epitomized the chic that she dispensed".[27] In October 1951, it was announced in The Yorkshire Post that a trust fund would be established by friends of Bianca Mosca in order to award a fashion design scholarship in her name.[28] In 1954, the Council of the Royal Society of Arts took over the administration of the Bianca Mosca Memorial Trust, introducing two new bursaries for designers in the field of fashion, shoes, millinery or jewellery and announcing that the awards jury would include Edward Molyneux and Audrey Withers.[29]

gollark: Internet connectivity? Transport?
gollark: You've said so, yes. Or implied so. Said now.
gollark: You're just defining things as public services though.
gollark: Strictly, cost-spread-to-everyone, yes.
gollark: They aren't, they're specific to (some?) food.

References
  1. "Dress Designer's Death in Paris". The Sydney Morning Herald. 20 June 1950. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  2. England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858-1995
  3. England & Wales, Civil Registration Marriage Index, 1916-2005
  4. "Madame Bianca Mosca", Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer, 20 June 1950, page 4
  5. "Design for Dollars", The Sketch, 2 March 1949, pages 30-31
  6. Flanner, Janet (June 2, 1932). "Comet" (June 18, 1932). The New Yorker. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  7. "Mannequins go to the Palace". The Sherbrooke Telegram. 13 March 1941. Retrieved 21 August 2014.
  8. Crawford, Morris de Camp (1941). The ways of fashion. Fairchild Pub. Co. p. 328.
  9. Hargrove, Rosette (24 August 1940). "Britain's Fashion Aces form Coalition". Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved 21 August 2014.
  10. Montagu, Elizabeth Susan; Montagu, Ralph. Honourable rebel: the memoirs of Elizabeth Montagu, later Elizabeth Varley. Montagu Ventures. p. 239.
  11. "unknown article title". Studio International. 121: 102. 1941.
  12. Waddell, Gavin (2004). How Fashion Works: Couture, Ready-to-Wear and Mass Production. Oxford: Blackwell Science. pp. 175–77. ISBN 9780632057528. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
  13. "Bianca Mosca blouse". vam.ac.uk. Victoria and Albert Museum. Retrieved 20 August 2014.
  14. "Maytime in Mayfair (1949)". screenonline.org.uk. British Film Institute. Retrieved 10 August 2014.
  15. The Catholic Who's Who", Francis Cowley Burnand, Burns & Oates., 1952, page 93
  16. Rhodes, Michael (16 March 2005). "Dowager Countess of Jersey". The Times. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  17. Foster, Elene (29 January 1949). "Mme. Mosca introduces 'farazia'" (30 January 1949). Sunday Herald Sydney. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  18. staff correspondent (4 December 1949). "London's "Big Eleven" feel austerity draught". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 20 August 2014.
  19. "Wearside", Sunderland Daily Echo and Shipping Gazette, 18 August 1954, page 2
  20. Hill, Geraldine (July 29, 1949). "British fashion designers appeal to foreign buyers". St Petersburg Times. Retrieved 20 August 2014.
  21. "Sir Nicholas Sekers". Archived from the original on 22 August 2014. Retrieved 21 August 2014.
  22. Taylor, Lou (2004). Establishing Dress History. Manchester: Manchester University Press. p. 139. ISBN 0719066387. Retrieved 21 August 2014.
  23. Heritage Services Annual Review (PDF). Bath: Fashion Museum Bath. 2009. p. 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 August 2014. Retrieved 21 August 2014.
  24. "Sadler's Wells: ambassador for British fashion". islingtonblogs.typepad.com. Retrieved 21 August 2014.
  25. "Manchester's Diary", Manchester Evening News, 16 December 1949, page 3
  26. "The Final Curtain". Billboard. July 1, 1950. Retrieved 18 August 2014.
  27. E.M.C. (22 June 1950). "Mme. Bianca Mosca". The Times. The Times Digital Archive. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
  28. "Fashion Design Scholarship". Yorkshire Post. 31 October 1951.
  29. "Industrial Art: Awards for Fashion Design". The Guardian. Proquest Historical Newspapers. 24 September 1954.
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