Beyhan Sultan (daughter of Mustafa III)

Beyhan Sultan (Ottoman Turkish: بیحان سلطان‎; 15 December 1765 – 7 November 1824) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Sultan Mustafa III and his consort Adilşah Kadın. She was the half sister of Sultan Selim III.

Beyhan Sultan
Born15 December 1765
Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire
(present day Istanbul, Turkey)
Died7 November 1824(1824-11-07) (aged 58)
Istanbul, Ottoman Empire
Burial
Mihrişah Sultan Mausoleum, Eyüp, Istanbul, Turkey
Spouse
Çelik Mustafa Pasha
​
(
m. 1784; died 1798)
IssueHatice Hanımsultan
DynastyOttoman
FatherMustafa III
MotherAdilşah Kadın
ReligionSunni Islam

Early life

Beyhan Sultan was born on 15 December 1765 in the Topkapı Palace. Her father was Sultan Mustafa III, and her mother was Adilşah Kadın. She had a full sister named Hatice Sultan, two years younger than her. After her father's death in 1774, when she was nine years old, she followed her mother and sister to the Old Palace.[1][2]

Marriage

In 1784, her uncle Sultan Abdul Hamid I arranged her marriage to Silahdar Mustafa Pasha, the governor of Aleppo. The marriage took place on 29 April 1784, after the pasha's return to Istanbul. On 5 May, her trousseau, and the next day, Beyhan Sultan herself were transported from the Topkapı Palace to her palace at Cağaloğlu.[3] She was nineteen years old.[2]

The two together had a daughter named Hatice Hanımsultan,[4] born in 1785, she was married in 1799.[4][5] She was widowed at her husband's death in 1798,[6] and like most of the princesses of her generation she didn't remarried.[7]

Beyhan had adopted as her own daughter the future imperial consort Hoşyar Kadın, who was to become the wife of her cousin Sultan Mahmud II and the mother of Mihrimah Sultan.[8]

Lands and endowments

Beyhan received many mukata'as from her brother Selim III and her uncle Abdul Hamid. She was a wealthy princess, owned two palaces on the Bosphorus (Beşiktaş, Arnavutköy). She was also given the Old Çırağan Palace, one of the sites of the Lale Devri (Tulip period) entertainments, and Beyhan restored it. She received malikanes in the district of Andrusa, Kalamata, Fanar, Karitena and Londar on 1802. In 1796, she appointed Numan ağa, the voyvoda of these districts, to act as her agent (kethüda) to collect the caizye and 'avariz dues from her çiftliks. In 1802, she appointed Al-Hac Hasan ağa as her kethüda when Hüseyn ağa, a former voyvoda, was too oppressive. She also appears to have received the malikane of the island of Andros and Syros in 1789.[9]

In 1801, she had a fountain built in her name in the Kuruçeşme neighbourhood of Istanbul. In 1804, she built another fountain in her name on the banks of Akıntıburnu. In 1817, she repaired the Mesih Pasha Fountain located in the Hırka-i Şerif. She also built two fountains near her palaces during the reign of brother Selim.[10][6] Beyhan Sultan built a school in the vicinity of Yeşilioğlu Palace, opposite of Hatice Sultan Palace in the memory of her mother. [11]

The Beyhan Sultan Fountain, which is one of the most beautiful works of the Ottoman art of its kind in the Turkish era, was completely dismantled, but it has not been revived until today, in case of street expansion. Although the Beyhan Sultan Fountain was created entirely under the influence of Western art, it was a monument that marked the location of a beach adorned this coast, apart from being a work that added beauty to the Bosphorus.[12]

Patroness of arts

Beyhan, her brother Selim, and her sister Hatice Sultan had a considerable enthusiasm for arts.[13] Both Beyhan, and Selim admired Mevlevi Sheikh Galib, probably a major poet of the age, and were his patrons.[14] Born and educated in Istanbul, the son of a Mevlevi dervish, he became the sheyh of the Galata lodge.[15] She also had copies made of his poems.[13]

Death

Beyhan Sultan died on 7 November 1824, at the age of fifty eight, and was buried in the mausoleum of Mihrişah Sultan located in Eyüp.[16][17]

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See also

Ancestry

References
  1. Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 472.
  2. Uluçay 2011, p. 155.
  3. Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 473.
  4. Uluçay 2011, p. 157.
  5. Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 474.
  6. Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 476.
  7. Panzac, Daniel (1995). Histoire économique et sociale de l'Empire ottoman et de la Turquie (1326-1960): actes du sixième congrès international tenu à Aix-en-Provence du 1er au 4 juillet 1992. Peeters Publishers. pp. 574 n. 5. ISBN 978-9-068-31799-2.
  8. Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 544.
  9. Zarinebaf, Fariba; Bennet, John; Davis, Jack L. Historical and Economic Geography of Ottoman Greece (Hesperia Supplement 34). p. 39.
  10. Uluçay 2011, p. 156-7.
  11. Uluçay 2011, p. 149.
  12. "BEYHAN SULTAN ÇEŞMESİ İstanbul Boğaziçi'nde XIX. yüzyıl başlarına ait çeşme". İslam Ansiklopedisi. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
  13. Faroqhi, Suraiya (November 29, 2005). Subjects of the Sultan: Culture and Daily Life in the Ottoman Empire. I.B.Tauris. p. 232. ISBN 978-1-850-43760-4.
  14. Haji-Ahmed, Haji-Mohamad Bohari (1989). The Ideas of Wahdat Al-Wujūd in the Poetry of C Abd Al-Qādir Bīdil (Persian), Ibrahim Hakki Erzurumlu (Ottoman Turkish), and Hamzah Fansuri (Malay), Volume 2. University of California, Berkeley. p. 270.
  15. Menemencioğlu, Nermin; İz, Fahir (November 30, 1978). The Penguin book of Turksih verse. Penguin. p. 12.
  16. Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 476-77.
  17. Uluçay 2011, p. 156.

Sources
  • Mustafa Çağatay Uluçay (2011). Padişahların kadınları ve kızları. Ankara, Ötüken.
  • Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. Oğlak Yayıncılık. ISBN 978-9-753-29623-6.
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