Bessarabian Soviet Socialist Republic

The Bessarabian Soviet Socialist Republic or Bessarabian SSR (Russian: Бессарабская Советская Социалистическая Республика, Бессарабская ССР) was a failed attempt of the Soviet Russia to establish its control over territory of historical Bessarabia in 1919. The state with this name never came into existence, apart from a brief rebellion in September 1924.

For other uses, see Bessarabia (disambiguation).

History

The BeSSR was proclaimed on May 5, 1919 in Odessa at the 2nd Regional Bolshevik Conference as a "Provisional Workers' and Peasants' Government in exile" and established on May 11, 1919 in Tiraspol as an autonomous part of Russian SFSR. [1] Neither Odessa not Tiraspol were part of historical Bessarabia. The planned territories included Tiraspol uyezd of Kherson Governorate and Balta and Olgopol uyezds of Podolia Governorate . The self-proclaimed government of the Bessarabian SSR never managed to control any part of Bessarabia, which on 9 April 1918 united with Romania. The Union of Bessarabia with Romania was not recognized by Soviet authorities and the proclamation of the Bessarabian SSR was a political measure aimed at preparing a future invasion of Bessarabia by the Red Army.

This "government" had talks with the French military authorities over the military and political settlement but was disbanded in September 1919 after Denikin's army took control of the Odessa region.[2]

The Western European powers recognised the union of Bessarabia and Romania by the Treaty of Paris (1920). However, the United States refused to sign the Treaty on the grounds that Russia was not represented at the Conference. This aided the Soviet Union in its continued desire to retake Bessarabia, which it succeeded in doing twenty years later.[3]

Government (Provisional Sovnarkom)
  • Chairman – Ivan Kryvorukov
  • People's Commissar of Interior – Aleksandr Krusser
  • People's Commissar of Land Cultivation – Boris Gumpert
  • People's Commissar of War – Boris Gumpert
  • People's Commissar of Foreign Affairs – Daniil Ridel
  • People's Commissar of Food – Grigoriy Staryi
  • People's Commissar of Enlightenment – G. Kasperovskiy
  • People's Commissar of Road Communications – M. Palamarenko
  • People's Commissar of Labour – V. Vorontsov
  • People's Commissar of Finance – Zelman Ushan
  • People's Commissar of Justice – Aleksandr Aladzhalov
  • Administration of Affairs – I. Vizgerd
  • Representative to the Soviet Ukraine – Asen Khristev
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See also

Sources
  1. , ,
  2. "ММК «ПРОРЫВ!». Международная молодежная корпорация. Тирасполь. Приднестровье.: Борис Асаров: У Молдовы дорога в никуда". Archived from the original on 2016-03-09. Retrieved 2006-12-03.
  3. Wayne S Vucinich, Bessarabia In: Collier's Encyclopedia (Crowell Collier and MacMillan Inc., 1967) vol. 4, p. 103

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