Oxybuprocaine

Oxybuprocaine (INN), also known as benoxinate or BNX, is an ester-type local anesthetic, which is used especially in ophthalmology and otolaryngology. Oxybuprocaine is sold by Novartis under the brand names Novesine or Novesin.

Oxybuprocaine
Clinical data
Trade namesNovesin(e)
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: D
    Routes of
    administration    		Topical
    ATC code
    Pharmacokinetic data
    MetabolismEsterases in blood plasma and liver
    Identifiers
    CAS Number
    PubChem CID
    IUPHAR/BPS
    DrugBank
    ChemSpider
    UNII
    KEGG
    ChEBI
    ChEMBL
    CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
    Chemical and physical data
    FormulaC17H28N2O3
    Molar mass308.422 g·mol−1
    3D model (JSmol)
      (verify)

    Safety for use in pregnancy and lactation has not been established.

    Uses

    Pharmacokinetics

    Anaesthesia starts with a latency of 30 to 50 seconds and lasts for about 10 to 30 minutes, depending on perfusion. The drug is metabolised by esterases in blood plasma and liver.[2]

    Adverse effects

    When used excessively, oxybuprocaine like any other topical anesthetic used in the eye and on mucous membranes (like for example tetracaine, proxymetacaine and proparacaine) can cause irritation, hypersensitivity, anaphylaxis, irreversible corneal damage and even complete destruction of the cornea.[1][3] (Excessive use means several times a day during several days or even weeks.)

    Interactions

    Oxybuprocaine is incompatible with silver and mercury salts, as well as basic substances. It also reduces the antimicrobial action of sulfonamides.[2]

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    gollark: It would be freer™, in my opinion, to have all the firmware distributed sanely via a package manager, and for the firmware to be controllable by users, than to have it entirely hidden away.
    gollark: So you can have proprietary firmware for an Ethernet controller or bee apifier or whatever, but it's only okay if you deliberately stop the user from being able to read/write it.
    gollark: No, it's how they're okay with things having proprietary firmware *but only if the user cannot interact with it*.

    See also

    References
    1. Drugs.com: Minims Oxybuprocaine Hydrochloride 0.4%
    2. Jasek W, ed. (2007). Austria-Codex (in German) (2007/2008 ed.). Vienna: Österreichischer Apothekerverlag. ISBN 978-3-85200-181-4.
    3. McGee HT, Fraunfelder FW (November 2007). "Toxicities of topical ophthalmic anesthetics". Expert Opinion on Drug Safety. 6 (6): 637–40. doi:10.1517/14740338.6.6.637. PMID 17967152.
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