Barneville-Carteret

Barneville-Carteret is a commune in the Manche department in the Normandy region of north-western France.[2] For many years it has been a popular seaside resort destination.

Barneville-Carteret
Commune
Carteret and Hatainville Beach, viewed from Cap de Carteret
Coat of arms
Location of Barneville-Carteret
Barneville-Carteret
Barneville-Carteret
Coordinates: 49°22′52″N 1°45′18″W
CountryFrance
RegionNormandy
DepartmentManche
ArrondissementCherbourg
CantonLes Pieux
IntercommunalityCA Cotentin
Government
 • Mayor (2008–2020) Jean-Luc Boussard
Area
1
10.29 km2 (3.97 sq mi)
Population
 (2017-01-01)[1]
2,231
 • Density220/km2 (560/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
50031 /50270
Elevation0–100 m (0–328 ft)
(avg. 47 m or 154 ft)
WebsiteOwners: Barneville Paris familie www.barneville-carteret.net
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

The commune resulted from a merger of two communes in 1964: Barneville-sur-Mer and Carteret whose port has ferry connections to the Channel Islands.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Barnevillais or Barnevillaises and Carteretais or Carteretaises.[3]

Geography

Barneville-Carteret is located on the west coast of the Cotentin Peninsula some 40 km south by south-west of Cherbourg and 10 km north of Portbail. Access to the commune is by highway D650 from Les Moitiers-d'Allonne to the north which passes through the north of the commune and continues south-east following the coast to Le Pont de La Roque. The commune is both a seaside resort and a port.[4][5]

Port of Carteret
The port in the 19th century by Adolphe Lalyre

The Port of Carteret is the present port of Barneville-Carteret. Sometimes called a "port of the isles", it is located on the right bank of the mouth of the Gerfleur River, at the end of Cape Carteret. A rescue station was built in 1865. The large pier and south mole were completed in 1880. In the following year a ferry began service to Jersey. The small port was used as a shelter for fishermen during spring tide, In 1945 the port was enlarged with the help of combat engineers from the American 280th Battalion stationed in Carteret.[6]

Barneville

Built on a hill and dating to the Middle Ages, Barneville is built around the church of Saint Germanus of Auxerre. Its architecture is Romanesque, and it was fortified during the Middle Ages for coastal surveillance. The main shops and services of the area are here and there is a market on Saturday. In the street below the town the remains of medieval walls that protected the city and seaside can be visited with a view of Cartaret harbour, the sea, and the Channel Islands.

Barneville Beach

Barneville Beach is a residential area consisting primarily of campsites and vacation homes. The city is quiet out of season but experiences heavy traffic during the summer. The resort area spreads into the neighbouring town of Saint-Jean-de-la-Rivière, which was built on an ancient sand dune.

The Village des Rivières

Like the Village du Tôt, this village is a small hamlet located on the road that leads to the mouth of the Gerfleur from the town of Saint-Jean-de-la-Rivière.

Built on the edge of the harbour, it was once home to fishermen who moored their boats close to their homes. Carteret harbour allowed them a safe anchorage without the need to build a port.

The village straddles the communes of Barneville-Carteret to the northwest and that of Saint-Jean-de-la-Rivière to the south-east.

Geology and Relief

The Cap de Carteret is located at the end of the Armorican Massif and retains traces of the formation with Precambrian deformed granites and metamorphic schist, Cambrian folded arkose from the Variscan orogeny, and shale and armoricain sandstone from the Ordovician period.

From Barneville to Saint-Jean-de-la-Rivière the coast is lined with sand dunes backed by tidal marshes.

Hydrography

The commune is bordered by the sea. The construction of the port in the 19th century was accompanied by the diversion of the Gerfleur river whose mouth was located at the current port.

Climate

The town has a temperate ocean climate with an average humidity of 84 percent. Its location on the coast results in a strong sea breeze and frequent storms. There are significant seasonal variations in temperature and rare days of frost (7.3 days a year). The combined effects of wind and tides cause rapid weather changes: in the course of a day, sun and rain can follow one another within a few hours. The influence of the Gulf Stream and the mild winters allow the growing of Mediterranean and exotic plants such as mimosas, palms and agave. Average humidity is 84.42% which varies only by about 2-3% throughout the year.[7]

Town Sunshine

(hours/yr)		 Rain

(mm/yr)		Snow

(days/yr)		Storm

(days/yr)		Fog

(days/yr)
National Average 1,973770142240
Barneville-Carteret[7] ' 692.35.25.326.5
Paris 1,661637121810
Nice 2,7247671291
Strasbourg 1,693665292956
Brest 1,6051,21171275
Climate data for Cap de la Hague
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 14.8
(58.6)		 18
(64)		 19.4
(66.9)		 22
(72)		 25.6
(78.1)		 29.2
(84.6)		 29
(84)		 31.8
(89.2)		 29.8
(85.6)		 28
(82)		 18.5
(65.3)		 16.2
(61.2)		 31.8
(89.2)
Average high °C (°F) 9
(48)		 8.7
(47.7)		 10
(50)		 11.8
(53.2)		 14.3
(57.7)		 16.9
(62.4)		 18.8
(65.8)		 19.5
(67.1)		 18.2
(64.8)		 15.8
(60.4)		 12.4
(54.3)		 10.1
(50.2)		 13.8
(56.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) 7.2
(45.0)		 6.9
(44.4)		 8
(46)		 9.5
(49.1)		 11.9
(53.4)		 14.4
(57.9)		 16.4
(61.5)		 17.1
(62.8)		 16.1
(61.0)		 13.8
(56.8)		 10.5
(50.9)		 8.3
(46.9)		 11.7
(53.1)
Average low °C (°F) 5.5
(41.9)		 5.1
(41.2)		 6
(43)		 7.2
(45.0)		 9.5
(49.1)		 11.9
(53.4)		 13.9
(57.0)		 14.7
(58.5)		 13.9
(57.0)		 11.7
(53.1)		 8.7
(47.7)		 6.4
(43.5)		 9.6
(49.3)
Record low °C (°F) −11.4
(11.5)		 −9
(16)		 −3.2
(26.2)		 0.1
(32.2)		 1.2
(34.2)		 5.6
(42.1)		 7.8
(46.0)		 9.2
(48.6)		 6.4
(43.5)		 0.4
(32.7)		 −2.2
(28.0)		 −7.2
(19.0)		 −11.4
(11.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 77.8
(3.06)		 60.1
(2.37)		 53.8
(2.12)		 45.3
(1.78)		 45.3
(1.78)		 41.2
(1.62)		 37.6
(1.48)		 43.3
(1.70)		 55.1
(2.17)		 80.1
(3.15)		 92.1
(3.63)		 91.6
(3.61)		 722.5
(28.44)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 13.42 11.03 10.43 9.08 8.23 6.96 6.47 7.31 8.67 11.85 14.52 13.83 121.73
Source 1: Meteorological data for Cap de la Hague - 3m altitude, from 1961 to 2015 November 2015
Source 2: Record temperatures for Cap de la Hague since 1944 November 2015

Communication and transport
  • Barneville-Carteret to Jersey
    • Service to Gorey (operated by Vedettes du Cotentin since 2010 and by Manche-îles express).
    • Service to Saint Helier (operated by Manche-îles express).
  • Barneville-Carteret to Guernsey.

The commune is served all year by two services operated by Manéo:

An extra service is provided in summer:

Rail connections

In festival periods on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Thursdays and Sundays, it is possible to go from Portbail to the centre of Carteret on the Train touristique du Cotentin. The nearest main railway is 29 km away at Valognes which is served by the SNCF Mantes-la-Jolie–Cherbourg railway

Toponymy

Barneville: The "ville de Barni" (Barni town) after the name of a Scandinavian person.[9]

Carteret: From the Scandinavian Kart (stony ground) and the Scandinavian Reidh meaning "anchorage".[9]

History

Barneville appears as Carteret on the 1750 Cassini Map[10] and the same on the 1790 version.[11]

Carteret appears as Carteret on the 1750 Cassini Map[10] and the same on the 1790 version.[11]

Ancient Families

The famed de Carteret family of the Norman nobility played powerful roles in English history. They held many possessions on the continent, the Channel Islands, and later, in the American colony. Their surname stems from Carteret, the stony anchorage site in Normandy.[12] Guy de Carteret, a.k.a. "The Fowler", (circa 960-1004) was the first Lord of the Barony of Carteret in Normandy for which there is record. They also held the lordship of St. Ouen on the Isle of Jersey. Family members assisted William the Conqueror at Hastings and took part in the Crusades alongside Robert, son of the duke of Normandy. "Three times has the Island of Jersey been rescued by the valor and sagacity of members of this family from the dominion of the French, events of unequaled importance in its history...." [13]

In the village of Barneville, behind the church, is the remains of a Motte-and-bailey castle which was transformed into a calvary that was called. called Mallet's Mound after the Mallet family of Carteret and Barneville mentioned in 1066.[14] The square church tower from the 15th century has a parapet over a blind arcade which was besieged by the English in September 1499.[14]

Modern era

Barneville and Carteret evolved into resorts during the Belle Époque when seaside holidays came into vogue.[15]

Second World War
General Rommel at Carteret in 1944

After the invasion of June 1940 the communes of Carteret and Barneville-sur-Mer became important sites in the Atlantic Wall. The fortifications of Barneville-sur-mer, Hatainville, Beaubigny and Carteret bore the codes "Wn 329", "Wn 326", "Wn 325", "Wn324d" and "R 612". Most fortifications are still visible except at Baubigny where it was totally buried in the sand.

On 18 June 1944 an armoured column of the 69th regiment of the 9th US Infantry Division entered Barneville and, after ten days of fighting, the town was liberated. The US military remained in Barneville and Carteret until autumn 1945. At Graffard mansion there were performances of the "Can-can" for the US soldiers. It was also the headquarters of the famed British 30 Assault Unit until July.

Heraldry
Entrance to German bunker at Carteret
Arms of Barneville-Carteret
 These arms were adopted in 1985[16] and refer to the Barneville family, lords of the land between the 11th and 13th century. The tower represents the church tower of Barneville.[17] Before the commune merger Barneville bore arms of: Gules, three buckles of Or which were the arms of the Malet de Graville family. The commune of Carteret bore arms of Party per fesse, at 1 Gules, 4 fusils argent in fess; at 2 Gules 3 fusils of Or.

Blazon:
Gules, a tower Argent port and windows masoned in Sable surmounted by 4 fusils in fess Argent.[16]

Administration

List of Successive Mayors[18]

FromToNamePartyPosition
19832001Raymond Leterrier
20012008Claude DupontTeacher
20082014Jean Luc BoussardLawyer
20142020Pierre Géhanne[19]Company Director

(Not all data is known)

The Municipal council is made up of 19 members including a Mayor and 5 deputies.[20]

Twinning
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in France

Barneville-Carteret has twinning associations with:[21]

Demography

In 2010 the commune had 2283 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known from the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger communes that have a sample survey every year.[Note 1]

Population change (See database)
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851
1,011 840 953 870 1,083 1,136 1,205 1,170 1,144
1856 1861 1866 1872 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896
1,101 1,062 1,002 953 906 935 914 928 872
1901 1906 1911 1921 1926 1931 1936 1946 1954
854 856 884 837 931 1,110 1,049 1,181 1,106
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2010 -
1,166 1,924 2,012 2,327 2,222 2,429 2,324 2,283 -
Population of Barneville-Carteret

Amenities

Education

The commune has a primary school – Le Clos des Sources under the Academy of Caen.[22]

Festivals
  • The Festival of the sea, every year in August at the port of Carteret.
  • The festive Evenings of Potinière in summer.
  • The cycle race called Gainsbarre in tribute to the singer who gave a big donation to the cycling club organiser and which has taken place every year in April since 2004.
  • The Trails de La Mère Denis et des Lavandières passes through the Côte des Isles every year since 2010 around 14 July.
  • The 'Trail de la Barjo whose departure takes place on the beach of Barneville in June every year.
  • The Tour of the Channel ports yachting regatta.
  • The Challenge de La Déroute sailing regatta held each year in early September.
  • The Raid d'aviron de mer Jersey – Carteret rowing regatta is held every year on the last Saturday of July and that of Culs gelés in December.
  • The Kite Festival every year in July in Barneville-Plage.
  • The Défi du Daubon, sculling race held every year in October in the port of Carteret since the 1950s.

Sports

The Athletic Union Côte des Isles has a soccer team in the Basse-Normandie League and one in the District Division.[23]

Films

Barneville-Carteret has featured in the following films:

Literature
  • Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly located the second part of Une vieille maîtresse in Carteret.
  • Several novels by Paul-Jacques Bonzon are set in "Barneret" and "Carteville" in the Cotentin.

Economy

Tourism

Located facing the Channel Islands (Écréhous 12 km, Jersey 22 km, Sark 40 km, Herm 45 km, Alderney 45 km, Minquiers 45 km, Guernsey 55 km), and Chausey 55 km).

There are 1578 second homes, a hotel capacity of 151 rooms and 600 campsites. The summer population is estimated at 12000.[17]

Tourists are attracted by, among others, the marina (311 berths inside, 60 visitor berths, and 95 anchorages). Fishing activity is important and diversified in the fishing port: fish (flounder, pouting, dogfish), but mostly crustaceans (spider crabs, crabs, and lobsters). There are numerous activities: swimming and water sports, angling (on the beach Barneville at low tide in the rocks or sand there are limpets, cockles, whelks, periwinkles, crabs, velvet crabs, and shrimp. At Carteret point it is possible to find Weever fish. There is also hiking in the dunes, golf, and horseback riding.

Since 1993,[17] the Foundation for Environmental Education has certified Barneville-Carteret (beaches and port) with a Blue Flag for environmental quality and since 2013 as a "FamilyPlus" Beach. The town's seaside resort has been classified as a "Tourist Commune" since 1921.[24]

Together with Portbail and Denneville, Barneville-Carteret is part of the Coast of the Isles.

Local Culture and Heritage
The Neire maôve.
Carteret Station.
Saint-Louis of Carteret Chapel
Saint-Germain-le-Scot of Carteret Church
Graffard Manor.

Carteret is linked to Portbail by the Train touristique du Cotentin during the season. There is also a railway station in Barneville located between the town and the harbour bridge.

Shellfish
The Carteret Lobster

Barneville Beach and the foreshore of Cape Carteret at low tide are ideal places for recreational fishing. The popular and famous species in this area are:

Civil heritage
  • The Hamlet of Landes.
  • Rue des Ormes: old houses of sea captains.
  • Carteret Manor (18th century)
  • The Château des Sirènes, built for and inhabited by the painter Adolphe Lalyre then sold to Henry Franklin-Bouillon.[25]
  • The Village du Tôt and the Lavoir (Public Laundry) of Mère Denis. Mère Denis (Jeanne Marie Le Calvé) settled here and ran a laundry. She was noticed in 1972 by the publicists for the brand "Vedette" who gave her the nickname Mère Denis and publicised the Village du Tôt.
  • The Neire Mâove Schooner
  • Stations of the Cotentin tourist train
  • The Fishing port and marina

The commune has several buildings and sites that are registered as historical monuments:

  • The Graffard Manor (1575)[26]
  • The former Corps de Garde (1745)[27]
  • The Carteret Lighthouse (1837)[28]

A Railway Carriage called "Bruhat" No. BB44586 (19th century) is registered as an historical object.[29]

Religious heritage
  • Saint-Germain-Le-Scot Church in Carteret (20th century)
  • The former Saint Louis Church in Carteret
  • The remains of the ancient Saint-Germain-Le-Scot Church in Carteret.
  • The Saint-Germain of Barneville Church (12th century) is registered as an historical monument[30]

The Church contains two items that are registered as historical objects:

Environmental heritage
  • The Hatainville dunes.
  • Cape Carteret
  • The Biard Rock at the end of the cape
  • The Masse de Romont altitude 99 m.
  • The Gerfleur Estuary
  • La Potinière Beach
  • The Old Church Beach
  • The Mielles Carteret, also called "The Sand Sea".
  • The Petit Puits Cliffs at Muret

Notable people linked to the commune
The beach at Carteret by Adolphe Lalyre.
  • The Carteret Family
  • Stéphane Marie, presenter of the TV programme Silence, ça pousse ! on France 5 was originally from Barneville.
  • Nicolas Dutot (1684–1741), economist, one of the fathers of the quantitative study of economic phenomena, born in Barneville-sur-Mer in the village du Tôt on 12 October 1684.[33]
  • Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly (1808–1889), French writer, lived in Carteret during his youth and during his writings.
  • Adolphe Lalyre, (1848–1933), painter, lived for a long period at Carteret and painted the coast.
  • Jeanne Marie Le Calvé, called Mère Denis (1893–1989), advertisement character, was a washerwoman in a lavoir in Gerfleur at the Village du Tôt in Barneville-sur-Mer where she was filmed in a commercial that made her famous
  • Édouard Lebas (1897–1975 at Carteret), prefect and French politician
  • Clément Rosset, born at Carteret on 12 October 1939, philosopher
  • Pierre Bameul, born at Barneville-sur-Mer on 10 November 1940, writer of science fiction
  • Laurent Cesne, star chef at the Hôtel de la marine and author of a book on Iodine in the kitchen
  • Jean Barros, Historian of the canton, author of books on the heritage of Tôt.
  • Roger de Barneville (11th)
  • Théodore de Barneville (12th)
  • Michel Noël (1754–1809), politician
  • Nicolas Noël-Agnès (1794–1866), politician
  • Marie-Louise Giraud (1903–1943), born at Barneville, guillotined abortionist
  • François Le Cannellier (-1933), vice-admiral
  • Clara Ward
  • Arsène Reynaud de Barbarin (1833–1913), naval officer, lived in the commune
  • Jeanne Provost (1887–1980), comedian, owner of the old presbytery
  • Paul-Jacques Bonzon (1908–1978), French writer
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See also

Notes and references

Notes
  1. At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by Law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002 Archived 6 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" allows, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For communes with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually and the entire territory of these communes is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References
  1. "Populations légales 2017". INSEE. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
  2. Barneville-Carteret on Lion1906
  3. Inhabitants of Manche (in French)
  4. Barneville-Carteret on Google Maps
  5. Barneville-Carteret on the Géoportail from National Geographic Institute (IGN) website (in French)
  6. "Barneville-Carteret, classified sea resort", promotional brochure, Tourist office of Barneville-Carteret, 1st quarter 2011, p. 17.
  7. Data from the Station at Cap de la Hague from 1961 to 1990 (in French)
  8. Paris, Nice, Strasbourg, Brest
  9. Sources : The names of communes and former parishes in Manche, François Beaurepaire-Dictionnaire étymologique, René Lepelley Vikings and Placenames of Normandy, Jean Renaud (in French)
  10. Barneville and Carteret on the 1750 Cassini Map
  11. Barneville and Carteret on the 1790 Cassini Map
  12. Arthur Collins R. Gosling 1727 The English Baronage Vol.One pp. 40 -41
  13. James Bertrand Payne 1862 Armorial of Jersey p. 67
  14. Frédéric Scuvée.
  15. Guery, Jean-Louis (2010). The Normandy Coast from the Air: Cap de la Hague to Cap Fréhel. Adlard Coles Nautical. pp. 16–17. ISBN 9781408112762.
  16. GASO, the blazon bank - Barneville-Carteret Manche consulted 18 June 2011 (in French)
  17. Barneville-Carteret, Beach Resort Classification, Office of Tourism of Barneville-Carteret, 2011. (in French)
  18. List of Mayors of France (in French)
  19. Pierre Géhanne becomes the 7th mayor of Barneville-Carteret, Ouest-France, consulted on 11 April 2014 (in French)
  20. art L. 2121-2 of the General Code of Collective Territories (in French).
  21. National Commission for Decentralised cooperation (in French)
  22. Ministry of Education - Schools in Barneville-Carteret (in French)
  23. Basse-Normandy League Official Website – US Côte des Îles, consulted on 8 January 2015 (in French)
  24. Pavillon Bleu - Barneville-Carteret - 2015, consulted on 17 November 2015 (in French)
  25. Norman Heritage (in French)
  26. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00135505 Graffard Manor (in French)
  27. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00135504 Former Corps de Garde (in French)
  28. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA50000605 Carteret Lighthouse (in French)
  29. Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM50001369 Railway Carriage (in French)
  30. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00110331 Church of Barneville (in French)
  31. Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM50000062 Altar, Altar seating, Tabernacle and base (in French)
  32. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM50002359 6 Stained glass windows (in French)
  33. Marc Cheynet de Beaupré, The Enigmatic Mr. Dutot. Survey of the identity of a famous but mysterious economist of the 18th century, Annales de Normandie, 59th year, No. 2, July–December 2009, p. 85-112 (in French)
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