Barmen

Barmen is a former industrial metropolis of the region of Bergisches Land, Germany, which merged with four other towns in 1929 to form the city of Wuppertal. Barmen, together with the neighbouring town of Elberfeld founded the first electric suspended monorail tramway system, the Schwebebahn floating tram. Barmen was a pioneering centre for both the early industrial revolution on the European mainland, and for the socialist movement and its theory. It was the location of one of the first concentration camps in Nazi Germany, KZ Wuppertal-Barmen, later better known as Kemna concentration camp.[1]

Barmen in 1870. Painting by August von Wille

Oberbarmen (Upper Barmen) is the eastern part of Barmen, and Unterbarmen (Lower Barmen) the western part.

Legacy

The asteroid 118173 Barmen is named in its honour, celebrating the 1934 Synod which issued the Barmen Declaration defining Protestant opposition to National-Socialist ideology.

People from Barmen

Max Bockmühl (1882-1949), chemist
Walter Julius Bloem (1898–1945) (Kilian Koll), author and recipient of the Iron Cross
Wilhelm Dörpfeld (1853-1940), architect and archaeologist
Birthplace of Friedrich Engels
Adeline Rittershaus (1876–1924), philologist, a scholar in old Scandinavian literature, and champion for the equality of women
Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller (1897-1947), "The Butcher of Crete"
Reimar Lüst (1923-2020), astrophysicist.
Birthplace of Hermann Ebbinghaus

Rudolf Carnap was born in Barmen (born 18 May 1891 – died 14 September 1970) (source: https://www.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/philosophy/carnaplectures/Carnap-Lectures/Home.html), a member of the Vienna Circle positivists, and an important contributor to the exporting of logical positivism to the USA

Historical population

Year	Population
1591	around 1,000
1640	around 1,900
1800	around 12,000
1810	16,289
1816	19,030[2]
1840	30,847
1 December 1875	86,504
1 December 1890	116,144[2]
1 December 1900	141,947
1905	156,148[2]
1 December 1910	169,214
1 December 1919	156,326
16 June 1925	187,099

gollark: ++magic py ```pythonif bot.voice: await bot.voice.disconnect()bot.voice = await ctx.author.voice.channel.connect()source = discord.FFmpegPCMAudio("http://localhost:7778/")bot.voice.play(source)```

gollark: utter heavdronic being.

gollark: ++magic py ```pythonif bot.voice: await bot.voice.disconnect()bot.voice = await ctx.author.voice.channel.connect()source = discord.FFmpegPCMAudio("http://localhost:7778/")bot.voice.play(source)```

gollark: OH BEES

References

David Magnus Mintert, Das frühe Konzentrationslager Kemna und das sozialistische Milieu im Bergischen Land (PDF) Ruhr University Bochum, doctoral dissertation (2007), pp 144–145. Retrieved January 14, 2012 (in German)
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Barmen" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

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[1] David Magnus Mintert, Das frühe Konzentrationslager Kemna und das sozialistische Milieu im Bergischen Land (PDF) Ruhr University Bochum, doctoral dissertation (2007), pp 144–145. Retrieved January 14, 2012 (in German)

[EB1911-2] Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Barmen" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.