Baharu

Baharu is a census town and a gram panchayat within the jurisdiction of the Jaynagar police station in the Jaynagar I CD block in the Baruipur subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Baharu
Census Town
Baharu Location in West Bengal Show map of West Bengal Baharu Location in India Show map of India
Coordinates: 22.2040°N 88.4283°E / 22.2040; 88.4283
Country	India
State	West Bengal
District	South 24 Parganas
CD block	Jaynagar I
Area
• Total	4.71 km^2 (1.82 sq mi)
Elevation	8 m (26 ft)
Population  (2011)
• Total	16,155
• Density	3,400/km^2 (8,900/sq mi)
Languages
• Official	Bengali[1][2]
• Additional official	English[1]
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	743372
Telephone code	+91 3218
Vehicle registration	WB-19 to WB-22, WB-95 to WB-99
Lok Sabha constituency	Jaynagar (SC)
Vidhan Sabha constituency	Jaynagar (SC)
Website	www.s24pgs.gov.in

History

Many janapadas grew up along the old Bhagirathi channel from the ancient times till around the 16th century: Kalighat, Boral, Rajpur, Harinavi, Mahinagar, Baruipur, Baharu, Jaynagar, Majilpur, Chhatrabhog etc. Bipradas Pipilai's Manasavijaya, composed in 1495, mentions many places in this region. "Chand Sadagar, a merchant character of the Manasavijaya, reached Baruipur, from Kalighat, through the old Bhagirathi channel. From there he proceeded towards Chhatrabhog, and then traveling through Hatiagarh pargana reached the open sea". Chaitanyadeva (1486–1534) also went through this route. Travelling by boat to Puri he halted at the village of Atisara, near Baruipur. "His last stoppage in 24 Parganas was at Chhatrabhog, now a village within the jurisdiction of the Mathurapur police station. Chhatrabhog seems to have been an important river-port on the old Bhagirathi channel". Rama Chandra Khan, the zamindar of Chhatrabhog, helped Chaitanyadeva to continue with his journey.[3]

Geography

🌍

Cities and towns in the southern part of Baruipur subdivision (including Baruipur, Jaynagar I & II, Kultali CD blocks) in South 24 Parganas district M: municipal city/ town, CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, N: neighbourhood, H: historical place/ religious centre Places linked with coastal activity are marked in blue Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly

Area overview

Baruipur subdivision is a rural subdivision with moderate levels of urbanization. 31.05% of the population lives in the urban areas and 68.95% lives in the rural areas. In the southern portion of the subdivision (shown in the map alongside) there are 20 census towns. The entire district is situated in the Ganges Delta and the southern part is covered by the Baruipur-Jaynagar Plain. Archaeological excavations at Dhosa and Tilpi, on the bank of the Piyali River indicate the existence of human habitation around 2,000 years ago.[4][5][6]

Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

Location

Baharu is located at 22°12′14″N 88°25′42″E. It has an average elevation of 8 metres (26 ft).

Raynagar, Kalikapur Barasat, Baharu, Uttarparanij, Alipur and Uttar Durgapur, all in the Jaynagar I CD block, are adjacent to Jaynagar Majilpur. Nimpith and Tulshighata, both in the Jaynagar II CD block, are very close to Jaynagar Majilpur. These nine locations (eight census towns and a municipal city) virtually form a cluster.[7]

Demographics

According to the 2011 Census of India, Baharu had a total population of 16,155, of which 8,319 (51%) were males and 7,836 (49%) were females. There were 1,968 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The total number of literate persons in Baharu was 11,152 (78.61% of the population over 6 years).[8]

Civic administration

CD block HQ

The map of the CD block Jaynagar I on the page number 699 in the District Census Handbook 2011 for the South 24 Parganas district shows the CD block headquarters as being located in Baharu.[9][10]

Infrastructure

According to the District Census Handbook 2011, Baharu covered an area of 4.7097 km². Among the physical aspects, Baharu railway station is in the town. Among the civic amenities, it had 4 km roads with open drains, the protected water supply involved tank, pond, lake, overhead tank. It had 1,420 domestic electric connections, 20 road light points. Among the medical facilities it had 1 medicine shop. Among the educational facilities it had were 9 primary schools, 2 middle schools, 2 secondary schools, 2 senior secondary schools. Among the social, recreational and cultural facilities, it had 1 public library and 1 reading room. An old age home and a community centre / auditorium at Dakshin Barasat 2 km away. Among the important commodities it produced were dry flower craft and leather bags.[11]

Transport

Baharu is on the State Highway 1.[12]

Baharu railway station is on the Sealdah–Namkhana line of the Kolkata Suburban Railway system.[12][13]

Commuters

With the electrification of the railways, suburban traffic has grown tremendously since the 1960s. As of 2005-06, more than 1.7 million (17 lakhs) commuters use the Kolkata Suburban Railway system daily. After the partition of India, refugees from erstwhile East Pakistan and Bangladesh had a strong impact on the development of urban areas in the periphery of Kolkata. The new immigrants depended on Kolkata for their livelihood, thus increasing the number of commuters. Eastern Railway runs 1,272 EMU trains daily.[14]

Education

Baharu High School is a Bengali-medium coeducational higher secondary school established in 1856. [15]

Baharu Girls’ High School is a higher secondary school.[16]

Healthcare

Padmerhat Rural Hospital, with 30 beds, at Padmerhat, is the major government medical facility in the Jaynagar I CD block.[17]

References

1. "Fact and Figures". Wb.gov.in. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
2. "52nd REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR LINGUISTIC MINORITIES IN INDIA" (PDF). Nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. p. 85. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 5 July 2019.
3. "District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas". Pages 3-4, Chapter I: South 24 Parganas: An overview. Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
4. "District Statistical Handbook 2014 South Twety-four Parganas". Table 2.1 , 2.2, 2.4b. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
5. "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory" (PDF). Page 13, Physiography. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
6. "District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas". Chapter 9: Sundarbans and the Remote Islanders, p 290-311. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
7. "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory" (PDF). Page 699 - Map of Jaynagar I CD block, Page 725 – Map of Jaynagar II CD block. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
8. "C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
9. "Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory" (PDF). Page 699 - Map of Jaynagar I CD block. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 21 October 2019.
10. "BDO Offices under South 24 Parganas District". West Bengal Public Library Network, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 3 October 2018. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
11. "District Census Handbook South Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Section II Town Directory, Pages 999-1006 Statement I: Status and Growth History, Pages 1006-1010; Statement II: Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, Pages 1010-1015; Statement III: Civic and other Amenities, Pages 1015-1019; Statement IV: Medical Facilities 2009, Pages 1019-1027 Statement V: Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, Pages 1027- 1029:Statement VI:Industry and Banking. Directorate of Census Operations V, West Bengal. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
12. Google maps
13. "34792 Sealdah-Namkhana Local". Time Table. India Rail Info. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
14. Mondal, Bhaswati. "Commuting and Metropolitan Development of Kolkata". ResearchGate. Retrieved 16 December 2019.
15. "Baharu High School". SchoolsWorld,in. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
16. "Baharu Girls High School (HS)". Swayang Siddha group. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
17. "Health & Family Welfare Department" (PDF). Health Statistics – Rural Hospitals. Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 29 November 2019.