Autographiviridae

Autographiviridae is a family of viruses in the order Caudovirales. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. There are currently 371 species in this family, divided among 9 subfamilies and 131 genera.[1][2]

Autographiviridae
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Duplodnaviria
Kingdom: Heunggongvirae
Phylum: Uroviricota
Class: Caudoviricetes
Order: Caudovirales
Family: Autographiviridae
Genera

see text

Synonyms
  • T7 supergroup

History

Since the 1990s, the term "T7 supergroup" has been coined for the expanding group of bacteriophages related to coliphage T7, as members of the family Podoviridae. Enterobacteriaceae phages SP6 and K1-5 were the first to be considered as an estranged subgroup of the "T7 supergroup".[3] Pseudomonas phage phiKMV also shared commonalities at the genome organizational level. As such, based on the available morphological and proteomic data, this clade of viruses was established as a subfamily of the family Podoviridae. The subfamily was later raised to the level of family in 2019.

Definition

The name of this family, termed Autographiviridae, refers to the “auto-graphein” or “self-transcribing” phages which encode their own (single subunit) RNA polymerase, a common characteristic among its members.

Structure

Viruses in Autographiviridae are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and Head-tail geometries, and T=7 symmetry. The diameter is around 60 nm. Genomes are linear, around 40-42kb in length.[1]

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. DNA templated transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by lysis, and holin/endolysin/spanin proteins. Bacteria serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are passive diffusion.[1]

Taxonomy

The following subfamilies are recognized:[2]

  • Beijerinckvirinae
  • Colwellvirinae
  • Corkvirinae
  • Krylovirinae
  • Melnykvirinae
  • Molineuxvirinae
  • Okabevirinae
  • Slopekvirinae
  • Studiervirinae

The following genera are unassigned to a subfamily:[2]

  • Aegirvirus
  • Aqualcavirus
  • Ashivirus
  • Atuphduovirus
  • Ayakvirus
  • Ayaqvirus
  • Banchanvirus
  • Bifseptvirus
  • Bonnellvirus
  • Cheungvirus
  • Chosvirus
  • Cuernavacavirus
  • Cyclitvirus
  • Ermolevavirus
  • Foturvirus
  • Foussvirus
  • Fussvirus
  • Gajwadongvirus
  • Gyeongsanvirus
  • Igirivirus
  • Jalkavirus
  • Jiaoyazivirus
  • Kafavirus
  • Kajamvirus
  • Kakivirus
  • Kalppathivirus
  • Kelmasvirus
  • Kembevirus
  • Krakvirus
  • Lauvirus
  • Limelightvirus
  • Lingvirus
  • Lirvirus
  • Lullwatervirus
  • Maculvirus
  • Napahaivirus
  • Nohivirus
  • Oinezvirus
  • Paadamvirus
  • Pagavirus
  • Pairvirus
  • Pedosvirus
  • Pekhitvirus
  • Pelagivirus
  • Percyvirus
  • Piedvirus
  • Podivirus
  • Pollyceevirus
  • Poseidonvirus
  • Powvirus
  • Pradovirus
  • Qadamvirus
  • Scottvirus
  • Sednavirus
  • Serkorvirus
  • Sieqvirus
  • Stompelvirus
  • Stopalavirus
  • Stopavirus
  • Stupnyavirus
  • Tangaroavirus
  • Tawavirus
  • Tiamatvirus
  • Tiilvirus
  • Tritonvirus
  • Voetvirus
  • Votkovvirus
  • Waewaevirus
  • Wuhanvirus (not to be confused with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2)
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References
  1. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  2. "Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release". talk.ictvonline.org. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  3. D., Scholl; J., Kieleczawa; Kemp, P.; Rush, J.; Richardson, C. C.; Merril, C.; Adhya, S.; Molineux, I. J. (2004). "Genomic analysis of bacteriophages SP6 and K1-5, an estranged subgroup of the T7 supergroup". Journal of Molecular Biology. 335 (5): 1151–71. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2003.11.035. PMID 14729334.
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