Arthur Japy Hepburn

Arthur Japy Hepburn (October 15, 1877 – May 31, 1964) was an admiral in the United States Navy, whose active-duty career included service in the Spanish–American War, World War I, and World War II.[1] He held a number of high posts in the years between the World Wars, including Director of Naval Intelligence (Office of Naval Intelligence), a U.S. representative to arms control conferences, and Commander-in-Chief of the United States Fleet.

Arthur Japy Hepburn
Admiral Arthur J. Hepburn during World War II.
Born(1877-10-15)October 15, 1877
Carlisle, Pennsylvania
DiedMay 31, 1964(1964-05-31) (aged 86)
Washington, D.C.
Place of burial
Arlington National Cemetery
Allegiance United States of America
Service/branch United States Navy
Years of service1897–1945
Rank Admiral
Commands heldCommander-in-Chief of the United States Fleet
Battles/warsSpanish–American War
World War I
World War II
AwardsDistinguished Service Medal

Biography
As Senior Naval Advisor to the Geneva Conference delegation in 1932.

Hepburn was born on October 15, 1877 in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. He graduated from the Naval Academy in 1897 and served in the Spanish–American War. He participated in the defeat of Admiral Cervera's Spanish Squadron off Santiago, Cuba and was subsequently commissioned at the rank of Ensign.

Thereafter, Hepburn assisted in surveys of the Pacific and performed a variety of other duties, until the First World War, where he commanded the seized German liner Kaiser Wilhelm II and as a submarine commander, until he was ordered to Europe in July 1918 to command the naval base at Queenstown, Ireland. For his service as a Commander of the Naval Base at Queenstown, Hepburn was awarded the Navy Distinguished Service Medal.[2]

After the armistice, he served on the cruiser USS Chester, inspecting German naval ships and aircraft as set out in the terms of the Armistice Treaty.

In 1919 he was appointed the Assistant Chief of the Bureau of Steam Engineering, until 1922 when he became Chief of Staff of the American Naval Detachment in Turkey. Thereafter, he served a wide variety of important posts. He took command of the battleship USS West Virginia in May 1925; became Director of Naval Intelligence in July 1926; he served as Chief of Staff with the Battle Fleet and the United States Fleet from 1927 to 1930; and in May 1931 he took command of Submarine Forces, U.S. Fleet. Between 1932 and 1933, he served as a naval member to the Geneva Conference (Limitations of Arms Conference) as Naval Adviser to the Geneva Delegation in Switzerland and as the American Representative at the London Naval Conference.

After commanding the 4th Naval District, and destroyers of the U.S. Fleet, he became Commander in Chief of the entire U.S. Fleet on June 24, 1936, at the rank of Admiral. In the years leading up to the Second World War, as it became increasingly clear that international relations were deteriorating, Hepburn was charged with the task of heading the board (eventually known as the "Hepburn Board") which reviewed the United States defense capabilities. The "Hepburn Board Report" served as the basis for the massive U.S. defense expansion of the late 1930s.

In 1942, Hepburn was appointed Chairman of the General Board of the Navy, serving in that capacity throughout the war. He also later served as a delegate to the Dumbarton Oaks meetings, which established guidelines for founding the United Nations. Hepburn retired in December 1945. He died on May 31, 1964 at Marsalle nursing home in Washington, D.C..[3] He was buried in Arlington National Cemetery.[4]

Decorations
gollark: `is` is terrible and confusing because it's object identity and will *appear* to work sometimes when it's wrong.
gollark: It would be easier and more consistent to just do `not (whatever in whatever)`.
gollark: I mean, consider `is not` and `not in` and stuff. Who thought "hmm yes we will complicate the parsing logic to make this work"?
gollark: ... Python actually somewhat bad, because it's really very complicated and has tons of oddly specific syntax.
gollark: Hmm, I've already used *Go* bad...

See also
  • USS Hepburn (FF-1055)

References
This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships.
  1. http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/ajhepburn.htm
  2. Militarytimes.com. "Citations Medal Awards". Archived from the original on 2013-10-21. Retrieved 2013-10-21..
  3. The Washington Post, Times Herald (1959-1973) – Washington, D.C. Adm. Hepburn Dies Here at 86. June 1, 1964.
  4. ArlingtonCemetery.net. (Unofficial). Burial location. Buried in Section 34, site 106-A.
Military offices
Preceded by
Joseph M. Reeves		 Commander in Chief, United States Fleet
June 24, 1936–1938		 Succeeded by
Claude C. Bloch
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