Aleksandr Vitberg

Aleksandr Vitberg
Aleksandr Vitberg
	Carl Magnus Witberg
	Portrait of Vitberg — watercolor by Pyotr Sokolov
Born	January 15, 1787; Saint Petersburg
Died	January 12, 1855 (aged 67); Saint Petersburg
Education	Member Academy of Arts (1812)
Alma mater	Imperial Academy of Arts (1809)
Known for	Architecture, Painting
Awards

Karl Magnus Vitberg (26 January 1787 — 24 January 1855) was a Russian Neoclassical architect of Swedish stock.

Biography

Vitberg was born in Saint Petersburg. As a young man he was a member of Alexander Labzin's Masonic lodge, the "Dying Sphinx", and studied Boehmist theosophy. The lodge, which had been the first to reopen, in 1800,[1] was ordered closed in 1822.[2]

Vitberg won a design competition and in 1817 had the satisfaction of witnessing the groundbreaking ceremony for his neoclassical Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, a monument to the resistance to the French invasion of Russia in 1812. In order to undertake this project, Vitberg had converted to the Russian Orthodox Church, as stipulated by Tsar Alexander I. After his conversion, Vitberg changed his name from Karl Magnus to Aleksandr Lavrentyevich (Russian: Александр Лаврентьевич Витберг), after the monarch.

Though construction of Vitberg's cathedral on the Sparrow Hills was begun in 1826, a new emperor, Nicholas I abandoned the "Masonic" plan for a less "Roman Catholic" neo-Byzantine construction. The architect was accused of bribery and exiled to Vyatka, an isolated city halfway between Moscow and the Ural Mountains.[3] There his most successful work was accomplished, among which were his monumental gates for the Alexander Garden (1836) and the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral (1839–1848).[4] A fellow-exile there was Alexander Herzen, who made friends with Vitberg, portrayed him sympathetically in My Past and Thoughts, and was briefly influenced by Vitberg's strain of mystical thought.[5]

Vitberg's design for Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow.

Vitberg was eventually allowed to return to Moscow, but found little work, and died in poverty and official neglect. The Russian neoclassical revival in the late 19th century contributed to a reappraisal of his architectural legacy. An exhibition, Alexander Witberg (1787–1855). En Arkitekurhistorisk Installation was mounted in Stockholm from 1993 to 1994.

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gollark: ···

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gollark: (https://www.reddit.com/r/unix/comments/6gxduc/how_is_gnu_yes_so_fast/)

References

Anatole Gregory Mazour. The First Russian Revolution, 1825, 1937, "The Liberal Idea", p. 49.
Stefan Rossbach, Gnostic Wars: the Cold War in the Context of a History of Western Spirituality 1999:164.
Neil Leach, The Hieroglyphics of Space: Reading and Experiencing the Modern Metropolis, (New York: Routledge), 2002, "The political metropolis" p. 72.
Y. Skopin, "The architectural work of Vitberg in Vyatka", Architecture in the USSR. 4.
Mark Pittaway, The Fluid Borders of Europe, 2003:230.

External links

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[1] Anatole Gregory Mazour. The First Russian Revolution, 1825, 1937, "The Liberal Idea", p. 49.

[2] Stefan Rossbach, Gnostic Wars: the Cold War in the Context of a History of Western Spirituality 1999:164.

[3] Neil Leach, The Hieroglyphics of Space: Reading and Experiencing the Modern Metropolis, (New York: Routledge), 2002, "The political metropolis" p. 72.

[4] Y. Skopin, "The architectural work of Vitberg in Vyatka", Architecture in the USSR. 4.

[5] Mark Pittaway, The Fluid Borders of Europe, 2003:230.