Akwa Ibom State

Akwa Ibom is a state in Nigeria. It is located in the coastal southern part of the country, lying between latitudes 4°32′N and 5°33′N, and longitudes 7°25′E and 8°25′E. The state is located in the South-South geopolitical zone, and is bordered on the east by Cross River State, on the west by Rivers State and Abia State, and on the south by the Atlantic Ocean and the southernmost tip of Cross River State.

Akwa Ibom State
State
Nickname(s): 
Land of Promise
Location of Akwa Ibom in Nigeria
Coordinates: 05°00′N 07°50′E
Country Nigeria
Date created23 September 1987
CapitalUyo
Government
 • Governor
(List)		Udom Gabriel Emmanuel (PDP)
 • Deputy GovernorMoses Ekpo
 • SpeakerAniekan Bassey
 • Senators
Area
 • Total7,081 km2 (2,734 sq mi)
Area rank30 of 36
Population
 (2016)[1]
 • Total5,450,758
 • Rank15 of 36
 • Density770/km2 (2,000/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Akwa Ibomite
GDP (PPP)
 • Year2007
 • Total$11.18 billion[2]
 • Per capita$2,779[2]
Time zoneUTC+01 (WAT)
Dialing Code+234
ISO 3166 codeNG-AK
HDI (2018)0.604[3]
medium · 17th of 37
Websiteakwaibomstate.gov.ng

Akwa Ibom is one of Nigeria's 36 states, with a population of over five million people. The state was created in 1987 by Ibrahim Babangida from the former Cross River State and is currently the highest oil- and gas-producing state in the country. The state's capital is Uyo, with over 500,000 inhabitants. Akwa Ibom has an airport and two major seaports on the Atlantic Ocean with a proposed construction of a seaport at Ibaka, Oron. The state also has a 30,000-seat sports complex. It is shaped like the Allianz arena stadium.[4] Akwa Ibom state is also home to the Ibom E-Library, an information centre.[5] In addition to English, the main spoken languages are Ibibio, Annang, Eket, Oron and Obolo.[6]

History
Dancers in Akwa Ibom attire

The region of the state was created out of Cross River State on September 23, 1987 by the then Military Administration of General Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida.[7] No central government existed among the people of what is now Akwa Ibom State prior to the British invasion in 1904. Instead, the Annang, Oron, Efik, Ibonos and Ibibio were all autonomous groups.

Although several Scottish missionaries arrived in Calabar in 1848, and Ibono in 1887, the British did not firmly establish control of the area until 1904. In that year, the Enyong Division was created encompassing the area of the current state of Akwa Ibom, with headquarters at Ikot Ekpene, an Annang city described by the noted Africanist Kaanan Nair, as the cultural and political capital of Annang[8] and Ibibio.[9]

The creation of Enyong Division for the first time allowed the numerous ethnic groups to come together. This further provided a venue for the creation of the Ibibio Welfare Union, later renamed Ibibio State Union. This social organization was first organized as a local development and improvement forum for educated persons and groups who were shut out from the colonial administration in 1929. Nonetheless, some historians have wrongly pointed to the union to buttress their argument about the homogeneity of groups in the area. The Obolo Union, comprising Ibono and Andoni stock, was another strong socioeconomic and cultural organization that thrived in the region. The Ibono people have fought wars to maintain their unique identity and territory in the region more than any other group.

When Akwa Ibom state was created in 1987, Uyo was chosen as the state capital to spread development to all regions of the state.

Governance

Politics in Akwa Ibom state are dominated by the three main ethnic groups: the Ibibio, Annang and Oron. Of these three, the Ibibio remain the majority and have held sway in the state since its creation. For the past eight years, the Annang people held sway, since the governor for those eight years was from Ikot Ekpene senatorial district.

Ministries, Departments and Agencies

Here are the list of ministries in Akwa Ibom[10]

Local Government Areas
See also: List of villages in Akwa Ibom State

Akwa Ibom State consists of thirty-one (31) local government areas. They are:

Demographics

Ethnic groups

The main ethnic groups of the state are:

Religion

The people in Akwa Ibom are predominantly Christian.

Languages

Like their Efik neighbors of Cross River State, people of Akwa Ibom speak various dialects of the Ibibio-Efik languages, which belong to the Benue–Congo language family, forming part of the Niger–Congo group of languages.

The following table lists languages of Akwa Ibom State and the local government areas in which they are spoken:[12]

LanguageLGA(s) spoken in
AnaangAbak, Essien Udim, Ika, Ikot Ekpene, Oruk-Anam, Ukanafun
OboloEastern Obolo
EkidEket, Esit Eket
EtebiEsit Eket
IbibioEtinan, Ibiono Ibom, Ikono, Ikot Abasi, Itu, Mkpat Enin, Nsit Atai, Nsit-Ubium, Onna, Uruan, Uyo
IbunoIbeno
Ika OkuIka
NkariIni
Itu Mbon UsoIni
IdereItu
EfikItu, Uruan
EbughuMbo, Oron
EfaiMbo
EnwanMbo
OroMbo, Oron, Udung Uko, Urue-Offrong-Oruko
IkoEastern Obolo
OroOkobo
IlueOron
KhanaOruk-Anam

Education

The Akwa Ibom State Ministry of Education is tasked with monitoring the education sector of the state. The current region of Akwa Ibom State in old Calabar Kingdom was the first to encounter Western education in Nigeria with the establishment of Hope Waddell Training Institute, at Calabar in 1895, and the Methodist Boys' High School, Oron in 1905 as well as other top schools such as the Holy Family College at Abak and Regina Coeli College in Essene.

Some educational institutes in the state are:

Notable people
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See also

References
  1. "Akwa Ibom State History". Archived from the original on 2016-12-21. Retrieved 2016-12-11.
  2. "C-GIDD (Canback Global Income Distribution Database)". Canback Dangel. Archived from the original on September 7, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-20.
  3. "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 2018-09-13.
  4. "Akwa Ibom State international stadium – Hotels.ng". Hotels.ng. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
  5. http://www.ibomelibrary.org/
  6. "Akwa Ibom State Government official Website gets a new look – The Premium Herald". The Premium Herald. Retrieved 2016-04-07.
  7. https://www.nigeriagalleria.com. "Brief History of Akwa Ibom State:: Nigeria Information & Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Retrieved 2018-07-25.
  8. Annang people
  9. Ibibio language
  10. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-01-03. Retrieved 2017-01-27.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  11. "The Longest Beach in West Africa". Folio Nigeria. Retrieved 17 August 2020.
  12. "Nigeria". Ethnologue (22 ed.). Retrieved 2020-01-10.
  13. http://www.uniuyo.edu.ng/
  14. "Maritime Academy of Nigeria". maritimeacademy.gov.ng. Retrieved 2020-05-27.
  15. http://www.aksu.edu.ng/
  16. http://www.akwaibompoly.edu.ng/
  17. http://www.heritagepoly.edu.ng/
  18. http://www.sfp.edu.ng/
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