Agaricus dulcidulus

Agaricus dulcidulus is a small mushroom in the family Agaricaceae of the order Agaricales, found in deciduous woodlands of Europe, but also recorded in North America, North Africa and Asia. The English name is rosy wood mushroom. Despite the tendency of some sources to synonymize it with Agaricus semotus, this is a distinct taxon.[1]

Agaricus dulcidulus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Agaricaceae
Genus: Agaricus
Species:
A. dulcidulus
Binomial name
Agaricus dulcidulus
Schulzer (1874)
Synonyms

Agaricus purpurellus (F.H.Møller) F.H.Møller
Agaricus rubelloides Bon
Agaricus rubellus (Gillet) Sacc.
Fungus dulcidulus (Schulzer) Kuntze
Pratella rubella Gillet
Pratella silvatica var. rubella (Gillet) L.Corb.
Psalliota amethystina sensu Lange
Psalliota pallens (J.E.Lange) Rea
Psalliota purpurella F.H.Møller
Psalliota rubella (Gillet) Rea
Psalliota rubella f. pallens J.E.Lange

Agaricus dulcidulus
float
Mycological characteristics
gills on hymenium
cap is convex or flat
hymenium is free
stipe has a ring
spore print is brown
ecology is saprotrophic
edibility: edible

Description

Cap 2 to 7 cm, convex-rounded often with inflexed margins at first, then flattens when aging, covered in purple-brown to pinkish dense fibriles that fade in colours towards light grayish-pink from the centre towards margins.[2]

The gills are free from attachment to the stipe, dense, starting pale gray-brownish when young, then turning dark purple-brown with age, with a lighter crenulated edge. The stipe is cylindrical, 2–5 cm long and 0.4–0.8 cm broad, bulbous or clavated at the base, whitish, slightly darkening toward the base in yellow-brownish tints. The ring, remnant of the veil present in young fructifications, is whitish, descendent, thin and fragile. The odor and taste resembles almonds.

The spore print is dark brownish. The spores are 4.5–6.0 x 3.5–4.0 μm on average, nonamyloid, and elliptical. The flesh turns slightly in yellow when cut or bruised, sometime with orange tints in stipe.

Macrochemical reactions: flesh turns orange and pileus turns yellow in contact with 10% KOH.

Other taxonomic considerations

Several characteristics like flesh yellowing on contact or in air, orange reaction with KOH, overall size, puts this species within Minores section of the genus Agaricus, along with Agaricus comtulus, Agaricus xantholepis, Agaricus porphyrizon and Agaricus luteomaculatus.

Habitat

Agaricus dulcidulus is a mycorrhizal species in close relation with different oak species.[3] The fungus prefers humid soil with rich decomposed leaves as a substrate. The basidiocarps appear, depending on microclimatic conditions, in late July to early October.

Edibility

Although considered to be edible, the small size and usually the sporadic presence prevents it from being widely eaten.

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See also
  • List of Agaricus species

References
  1. Agaricus dulcidulus page at Index Fungorum
  2. Saccardo, P.A.(1887) Sylloge Fungorum V: 1007; XIX: 32; XII: 90
  3. LENTI, István. MUSHROOMS LIVING AMONG US: MUSHROOMS–WORLD OF BÁTORLIGET at 7th INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONFERENCE Baia Mare, Romania, May 17–18, 2007, p. 409
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