Action for Happiness

Action for Happiness (AfH) is a movement of people all over the world supported by charity based in the United Kingdom.[1] It aims to increase the happiness in the world by bringing together like-minded people from all walks of life and supporting them to take practical action to build a happier and more caring society, drawing on the latest scientific research.[2] The patron of Action for Happiness is the Dalai Lama. The movement has over 190,000 members in 180 countries [3] and over 1,000,000 subscribers on facebook.

Action for Happiness
Founded2010 (2010)
Founded atLondon, England
HeadquartersLondon, England
Chief Executive
Dr Mark Williamson
Websitewww.actionforhappiness.org

Formation

AfH was co-founded in 2010 by Richard Layard (Director of the Wellbeing Programme at the Centre for Economic Performance and Emeritus Professor of Economics at LSE), Sir Anthony Seldon (Historian and Vice-Chancellor of the University of Buckingham), Geoff Mulgan (CEO of Nesta and former CEO of the Young Foundation) and Dr Mark Williamson (who has been its Director since the start).

AfH was originally created and incubated within The Young Foundation,[2] before becoming an independent registered charity in January 2018.

Definition of Happiness
Poster from Action for Happiness on "Ten keys to happier living"

AfH states that "Happiness means feeling good about our lives and wanting to go on feeling that way. Unhappiness means feeling bad and wanting things to change."[4] Thus AfH tends towards a subjective well-being definition of happiness.

AfH supports people to understand that everybody has an inner world and mental health, and that everybody can choose to take action to look after their mental health, in good times as well as bad times. Just like choosing to look after our physical health by exercising and eating good food, you can look after your mind by developing skills to be happy.

AfH does not advocate a positivity only approach, instead it promotes emotional intelligence, being able to recognise, express and manage all feelings and emotions, be they pleasant and joyful or difficult and uncomfortable.

AfH encourages people to see life as it is and to focus on fostering positive emotions.

10 Keys to Happier Living

AfH promotes 10 Keys to Happier Living[5] which were created by Action for Happiness, led by Vanessa King, and are based on the latest research in positive psychology, neuroscience, behavioral economics and biology. Their research evidence suggests these Ten Keys are areas which are in the influence of the individual and consistently tend to have a positive impact on people's happiness and well-being. They keys spell out GREAT DREAM. The first five keys Giving Relating Exercising Awareness and Trying Out (GREAT) are about a person's interaction with the outside world. They are based on the Five Ways to Wellbeing developed by the New Economics Foundation[6] on behalf of the Foresight Project on Mental Capital and Wellbeing[7] The second five keys Direction Resilience Emotions Acceptance Meaning (DREAM) relate to the inner world and the person's attitude to life.

Activities and Products

Exploring What Matters Course

AfH activities include running 8-week "Exploring What Matters" courses, which have been organized by volunteers at over 250 places around the world and have been "wholeheartedly supported" by the Dalai Lama.[8] The course brings like-minded people together to learn how to increase their own happiness and the happiness of people around them. Participants learn from experts through videos, exercises and a course handbook. They also join in group discussions and are given actions they can take to increase happiness. [9]

In 2020 the Exploring What Matters Course was evaluated by a full Randomised Control Trial (RCT) carried out by academic experts from the Centre for Economic Performance at the London School of Economics, the Wellbeing Research Centre at the University of Oxford and University College London as part of the evidence programme of the What Works Centre for Wellbeing[10]. The RCT course evaluation found that, relative to a control group, the course provides large and statistically significant benefits in three areas: personal wellbeing, mental health and pro-sociality. Participants in the course showed improvements in subjective wellbeing, reductions in symptoms of depression and anxiety and enhanced levels of compassion and social trust.

In terms of personal wellbeing, Life Satisfaction increases by around one whole point on the 0-10 scale, from an average of 6.4 out of 10 before the course to 7.4 after the course. This increase (+1.0) is greater than those from other major life events such as being partnered as opposed to single (+0.59) or being employed as opposed to unemployed (+0.7), when compared with findings from other cross-sectional studies of wellbeing in the UK[11].

In terms of mental health, the trial found the course significantly decreased depression by about 50% of a standard deviation, and decreased anxiety by 42%. Prior to the course, participants reported average scores corresponding to a clinical symptomatology of mild depression and anxiety. After the course, these scores reduced to a symptomatology of minimal depression and anxiety, the lowest category for both measures.

In terms of pro-sociality, the trial found that participating in the course can make participants more likely to act in ways which help others, with large and statistically significant increases in levels of compassion and social trust.[12]

The course evaluation was covered by The Guardian newspaper[13] and featured on the BBC News at Ten[14].

Monthly Action Calendars

AfH produces monthly calendars with one suggested action that people can take each day to improve their happiness. These daily actions are based on the Ten Keys to Happier Living and distill peer reviewed evidence on what makes people happy into simple actions anyone can take. Each month the calendars are translated into 25 languages and shared around the world on social media. The calendars can be printed out and are used to boost wellbeing at home, work, schools, universities, hospitals and doctor's surgeries. The calendars were downloaded by 2.5 million people in 2018.[15]

Action for Happiness App

In 2019 AfH released The Action for Happiness app for iOS and Android. The app is based on the themes and daily actions from the monthly calendars. The app sends a daily action each morning and an inspiring message towards the end of the day.[16]

Happy Cafes

AfH coordinates a network of "Happy Cafes"[17] across the UK and around the world. Happy Cafes are "a friendly and welcoming place to meet other people with a shared interest in promoting happiness and wellbeing.".[18] Happy Cafés have a range of literature, posters, pamphlets and postcards relating to happiness on display - and Action for Happiness supporters can identify themselves to each other by wearing a lapel badge available at the Café.

Public Events with Expert Speakers

AfH runs monthly events in London with expert speakers from around the world presenting on themes related to happiness.[19] An archive of the public talks including sessions with Thupten Jinpa, Dr Kristen Neff, Dr Ranjan Chattergee, Andy Puddicombe, Jeff Sachs, Dr Maria Sidios, Martin Seligman, Matthieu Ricard, Claudia Hammond, Mo Gawdat and Jon Kabat-Zinn are available on the charity's YouTube channel.[20]

Board and expert advisors

The AfH board includes Prof Richard Layard, Sir Anthony Seldon, Geoff Mulgan, Vanessa King and Dr Mark Williamson. The AfH expert advisory group includes Daniel Kahneman and Martin Seligman.[21]

Local and national groups

There are local groups and hubs in many countries. In Australia, Italy and Germany, there are national groups that are legal entities in their countries.

Reaction and criticism

AfH has been praised in The Guardian as reclaiming happiness from capitalism by helping people to seize the means of the production of wellbeing arguing for "a new science of happiness that focuses on social behaviour and personal relationships, rather than material possessions and outward appearance."[22]

AfH has also been criticised in The Guardian for pursuing an individual approach to happiness, rather than focusing on societal negative issues such as inequality.[23]

The Telegraph featured AfH in 2016, including an interview with Dr Mark Williamson. Regarding the increasing number of people being in treatment with mental illnesses, Williamson said "What we believe is that you can help people develop better habits before that happens. We’ve got the beginnings now of a culture in preventative approaches to physical health problems, with anti-smoking and obesity drives. I think the next 20 years is going to be about massively proactive ways to look after your mental health and your social and emotional well-being, and to really think about what happiness means and how it can be achieved."[24]

Journalist Janet Street-Porter attended the AfH 8 week Exploring What Matters course in 2015, she said "I've really enjoyed the company of these strangers—which is a first. I heartily recommend the course if you're feeling lonely or miserable."[25]

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References
  1. "Action For Happiness". Charity Commission. Registered Charity (1175160) and Company Limited by Guarantee (10722435) in England and Wales.
  2. "About Us". Action for Happines.
  3. "Let's take action for a happier world". Action for Happiness. Retrieved 2020-02-19.
  4. http://www.actionforhappiness.org/about-us/answers-to-the-sceptics
  5. Williamson, Mark; King, Vanessa (2014-11-03). "Ten easy steps to happier living". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2019-05-08.
  6. Aked, Jody; Marks, Nic; Cordon, Corrina; Thompson, Sam. "Five ways to wellbeing". New Economics Foundation. Retrieved 2020-05-26.
  7. "Mental Capital and Wellbeing Foresight Report". UK Government. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
  8. Easton, Mark (21 September 2015). "Evening classes that promise to make you happy" – via www.bbc.co.uk.
  9. "The Action for Happiness Course". Action for Happiness. Retrieved 2020-05-26.
  10. "CEP Discussion Paper, No 1671, January 2020, A Local Community Course That Raises Mental Wellbeing and Pro-Sociality, Christian Krekel Jan-Emmanuel De Neve Daisy Fancourt Richard Layard" (PDF).
  11. "A.E. Clark, S. Flèche, R. Layard, N. Powdthavee, G. Ward, "The Origins of Happiness: The Science of Wellbeing over the Life Course", Princeton University Press, January 2018". ISBN 0691177899.
  12. "News Release: The course that can make you happier". Action for Happiness. Retrieved 2020-05-26.
  13. Moorhead, Joanna (2020-01-21). "Lessons in happiness: how a short course can boost your wellbeing". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2020-05-26.
  14. "News Release: The course that can make you happier". Action for Happiness. Retrieved 2020-05-26.
  15. "Action for Happiness Achievements 2018". 7 January 2019.
  16. "Action for Happiness App". Action for Happiness. Retrieved 2020-05-26.
  17. "Action for Happiness' Happy Cafes spread positivity around the UK". Positive News. 2015-05-12. Retrieved 2019-05-08.
  18. "Happy Cafe Network". Action for Happiness. Retrieved 2019-05-08.
  19. "Action for Happiness". Eventbrite. Retrieved 2019-05-08.
  20. "Action for Happiness Events". YouTube. Retrieved 2020-05-26.
  21. "Expert Advisory Group". Action for Happiness.
  22. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/apr/12/happiness-capitalism
  23. Harper, David (21 February 2012). "The sad truth about the Action for Happiness movement". the Guardian.
  24. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/good-news/2016/06/11/can-you-teach-yourself-to-be-happy/
  25. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W7-nvTbSvbo
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