Abdullah ibn Muhammad al-Umawi

Abdullah ibn Muhammad (Arabic: عبد الله بن محمد الأموي‎; January 11, 844 – October 15, 912)[1] was the seventh Emir of Córdoba, reigning from 888 to 912 in Al-Andalus (Islamic Iberia).

Abdullah ibn Muhammad
عبد الله بن محمد الأموي
A coin under his rule
7th Emir of Córdoba
Reign888 — 15 October 912
PredecessorAl-Mundhir
SuccessorAbd-ar-Rahman III
BornJanuary 11, 844
Córdoba
DiedOctober 15, 912(912-10-15) (aged 68)
Córdoba
FatherMuhammad I
MotherAshar

Biography

Contemporary historians accused Abdullah of orchestrating the death of his elder brother, al-Mundhir, whereby he ascended to power.[2] This is unlikely, as ibn Muhammad showed very little interest in governing, becoming a neurotic recluse who was only interested in hunting and his faith.

The most formidable threat for the emir was Umar Ibn Hafsun, who had conquered the provinces of Reyyo (including Bobastro),[3] Elvira (including Granada) and Jaén, and had allied with the populations of Archidona, Baeza, Úbeda and Priego. In 891 Ibn Hafsun was defeated near the castle of Polei and lost several cities. However, by the following year Ibn Hafsun had already recovered, and reconquered all the lost territories.

In 911, the emir signed a peace agreement with Ibn Hafsun (who had allied with the Banu Qasi family, controlling the Ebro valley, and the Kingdom of Asturias). However, the war broke out again the following year, only to be halted by the death of Abdullah at Córdoba, who was improving his positions. The son he had designated as successor was killed by one of Abdullah's brothers. The latter was in turn executed by Abdullah's father, who named as successor Abd ar-Rahman III, son of the killed son of Abdullah.

Family

Abdullah was the son of Muhammad I and the younger brother of al-Mundhir.

Around 863, Abdullah married Onneca Fortúnez, daughter of Fortún Garcés,[4] King of Pamplona and his wife Aurea (Orea). She was repudiated sometime before 880 and returned to the Kingdom of Pamplona, most probably with her father who returned that year,[2] and took her cousin Aznar Sánchez of Larraun as her second husband with whom she had at least three children, including Queen Toda of Navarre who was, therefore, the aunt of Abd ar-Rahman III.[2]

Abdullah had several children:

  • Muhammed ibn Abd Allah (864 – 3 Dec 895). Recorded to be a son of Onneca.[5][6][7] He was murdered by his brother al-Mutarrif (with the approval of their father) on 28 January 891.[8] He married a Basque or Frankish woman named Muzna. They were the parents of Abd ar-Rahman III[5] who was born three weeks after his father's death.[8]
  • al-Mutarrif, murdered in 891 after being accused of conspiracy.[8]
  • Aban
  • al-Asi, executed in 921 after being accused of conspiracy.
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References
  1. Lévi-Provençal 1953, pp. 18 and 21.
  2. Martínez Díez 2005, p. 314.
  3. Martínez Díez 2005, p. 187.
  4. Kosto 2017, p. 79.
  5. Martínez Díez 2005, pp. 314-315.
  6. Lacarra de Miguel 1945, pp. 230-231.
  7. Lévi-Provençal 1953, pp. 19 and 21.
  8. Martínez Díez 2005, p. 315.

Sources
  • Altamira, Rafael (1999). "Il califfato occidentale". Storia del mondo medievale. II. pp. 477–515.
  • Kosto, Adam J. (2017). "Aragon and the Catalan Counties Before the Union". In Sabaté, Flocel (ed.). The Crown of Aragon: A Singular Mediterranean Empire. Brill. pp. 70–91.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Lacarra y de Miguel, José María (1945). "Textos navarros del Códice de Roda" (PDF). Estudios de la Edad Media de la Corona de Aragón (in Spanish) (58–59). Zaragoza. pp. 193–284. ISSN 0032-8472. OCLC 500338136. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2013-07-20.
  • Lévi-Provençal, Évariste (1953). "Du nouveau sur le royaume de Pampelune au IXe siècle". Bulletin Hispanique (in French). 55 (1). Université de Bordeaux. pp. 5–22. ISSN 0007-4640.
  • Martínez Díez, Gonzalo (2005). El Condado de Castilla (711-1038): la historia frente a la leyenda (in Spanish). Valladolid. ISBN 84-9718-275-8.
Abdullah ibn Muhammad al-Umawi
Banu Umayyah
Cadet branch of the Banu Quraish
Preceded by
al-Mundhir		 Emir of Córdoba
888–912		 Succeeded by
Abd-ar-Rahman III
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