ACACB

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 also known as ACC-beta or ACC2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ACACB gene.[5][6]

ACACB
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesACACB, ACC2, ACCB, HACC275, acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta
External IDsOMIM: 601557 MGI: 2140940 HomoloGene: 74382 GeneCards: ACACB
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 12 (human)[1]
Band12q24.11Start109,116,595 bp[1]
End109,268,226 bp[1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

32

100705

Ensembl

ENSG00000076555

ENSMUSG00000042010

UniProt

O00763

E9Q4Z2

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001093

NM_133904

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001084

NP_598665

Location (UCSC)Chr 12: 109.12 – 109.27 MbChr 5: 114.15 – 114.25 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is a complex multifunctional enzyme system. ACC is a biotin-containing enzyme which catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, the rate-limiting step in fatty acid synthesis. ACC-beta is thought to control fatty acid oxidation by means of the ability of malonyl-CoA to inhibit carnitine palmitoyltransferase I, the rate-limiting step in fatty acid uptake and oxidation by mitochondria. ACC-beta may be involved in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation, rather than fatty acid biosynthesis.[5]

Clinical implications

Human acetyl-CoA carboxylase has recently become a target in the design of new anti-obesity drugs.[7] However, when the gene for ACC2 was knocked out in mice, no change in body weight was observed relative to normal mice.[8] This result suggests inhibition of ACC2 by drugs may be an ineffective method of treating obesity.

gollark: No, that would cause horrible race conditions constantly.
gollark: Anyway, threads and the various synchronization primitives in C (or, well, commonly used with C?) are not a particularly good model for concurrency given the many, many bugs created through use of such things, as opposed to actor models and whatever.
gollark: What? That makes no sense.
gollark: Yes, but there's no performance benefit, you can just run multiple programs.
gollark: https://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=3212479

References
  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000076555 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000042010 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. "Entrez Gene: acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase beta".
  6. Widmer J, Fassihi KS, Schlichter SC, Wheeler KS, Crute BE, King N, Nutile-McMenemy N, Noll WW, Daniel S, Ha J, Kim KH, Witters LA (June 1996). "Identification of a second human acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene". The Biochemical Journal. 316 ( Pt 3) (3): 915–22. doi:10.1042/bj3160915. PMC 1217437. PMID 8670171.
  7. Corbett JW, Harwood JH (November 2007). "Inhibitors of mammalian acetyl-CoA carboxylase". Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery. 2 (3): 162–80. doi:10.2174/157489007782418928. PMID 18221116.
  8. Olson DP, Pulinilkunnil T, Cline GW, Shulman GI, Lowell BB (April 2010). "Gene knockout of Acc2 has little effect on body weight, fat mass, or food intake". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107 (16): 7598–603. Bibcode:2010PNAS..107.7598O. doi:10.1073/pnas.0913492107. PMC 2867727. PMID 20368432.

Further reading


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