404 BC

Year 404 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Tribunate of Volusus, Cossus, Fidenas, Ambustus, Maluginensis and Rutilus (or, less frequently, year 350 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 404 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Millennium:	1st millennium BC
Centuries:	6th century BC 5th century BC 4th century BC
Decades:	420s BC 410s BC 400s BC 390s BC 380s BC
Years:	407 BC 406 BC 405 BC 404 BC 403 BC 402 BC 401 BC

404 BC in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	404 BC CDIII BC
Ab urbe condita	350
Ancient Egypt era	XXVIII dynasty, 1
- Pharaoh	Amyrtaeus, 1
Ancient Greek era	94th Olympiad (victor)¹
Assyrian calendar	4347
Balinese saka calendar	N/A
Bengali calendar	−996
Berber calendar	547
Buddhist calendar	141
Burmese calendar	−1041
Byzantine calendar	5105–5106
Chinese calendar	丙子年 (Fire Rat) 2293 or 2233     — to — 丁丑年 (Fire Ox) 2294 or 2234
Coptic calendar	−687 – −686
Discordian calendar	763
Ethiopian calendar	−411 – −410
Hebrew calendar	3357–3358
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	−347 – −346
- Shaka Samvat	N/A
- Kali Yuga	2697–2698
Holocene calendar	9597
Iranian calendar	1025 BP – 1024 BP
Islamic calendar	1057 BH – 1055 BH
Javanese calendar	N/A
Julian calendar	N/A
Korean calendar	1930
Minguo calendar	2315 before ROC 民前2315年
Nanakshahi calendar	−1871
Thai solar calendar	139–140
Tibetan calendar	阳火鼠年 (male Fire-Rat) −277 or −658 or −1430     — to — 阴火牛年 (female Fire-Ox) −276 or −657 or −1429

Events

By place

Greece

• The Athenian leader Cleophon continues to urge resistance against the Peloponnesians, but the situation becomes desperate and he is arrested, condemned to death and executed.
• April 25 – Athens, full of refugees and weakened by plague and hunger, capitulates and the Peloponnesian War ends.
• Theramenes secures terms that save the city of Athens from destruction. The Spartans allow Athens to retain its independence. However, Athens loses all its foreign possessions and what is left of its fleet and is required to become an ally of Sparta. The Long Walls around Athens are pulled down. Greek towns across the Aegean Sea in Ionia are again the subjects of the Persian Empire.
• The Spartan general, Lysander, puts in place a puppet government in Athens with the establishment of the oligarchy of the "Thirty Tyrants" under Critias and including Theramenes as a leading member. This government executes a number of citizens and deprives all but a few of their rights.
• Many of Athens' former allies are now ruled by boards of ten (decarchy), often reinforced with garrisons under a Spartan commander (Harmost).
• The Athenian general Thrasybulus is exiled by the Thirty (the oligarchy of Athens), and he retires to Thebes.
• A split develops between Theramenes and Critias who has Theramenes killed (by drinking poison) on charges of treason.
• Emerging after the Spartan victory at Aegospotami, the former Athenian leader, Alcibiades, takes refuge in Phrygia in northwestern Asia Minor with the Persian satrap, Pharnabazus, and seeks their assistance for the Athenians. The Spartans discover his plans and arrange with Pharnabazus to have him assassinated.
• Lysander sails to Samos and conquers it for Sparta.

Egypt

• Amyrtaeus of Sais successfully leads a revolt against the Persian Empire's control of the Egyptian delta. He becomes the first (and only) pharaoh of the Twenty-eighth Dynasty.

Persian Empire

• The Persian King Darius II dies of an illness in Babylon. He is succeeded by his son Artaxerxes II (Memnon—'the Mindful').
• Darius II's younger son, Cyrus, is accused by Tissaphernes, the satrap of Caria, of plotting his brother Artaxerxes II's murder. On the intercession of Artaxerxes II and Cyrus's mother, Parysatis, however, Cyrus is pardoned and sent back to his satrapy.

Births

Deaths

• Alcibiades, Athenian statesman (b. c. 450 BC)
• Cleophon, Athenian politician and demagogue
• Darius II Ochus, King of the Persian Empire
• Theramenes, Athenian statesman

References