Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt

The Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XXVIII, alternatively 28th Dynasty or Dynasty 28) is usually classified as the third dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian Late Period. The 28th Dynasty lasted from 404 BC to 398 BC and it includes only one Pharaoh, Amyrtaeus (Amenirdis), also known as Psamtik V or Psammetichus V. Amyrtaeus was probably the grandson of the Amyrtaeus of Sais, who is known to have carried on a rebellion in 465–463 BC with the Libyan chief, Inarus (himself a grandson of Psamtik III), against the satrap Achaemenes of Achaemenid Egypt.

Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt
404 BC–398 BC
Capital	Sais
Common languages	Egyptian language
Religion	Ancient Egyptian Religion
Government	Absolute monarchy
Historical era	Classical antiquity
• End of Satrapy	404 BC
• Deposition of Amyrtaeus	398 BC
Preceded by Succeeded by Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt Twenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt

History

As early as 411 BC, Amyrtaeus, a native Egyptian, revolted against Darius II, the Achaemenid Persian King and the last Pharaoh of the 27th Dynasty. Amyrtaeus succeeded in expelling the Persians from Memphis in 405 BC with assistance from Cretan mercenaries, and in 404 BC, following the death of Darius, proclaimed himself Pharaoh of Egypt. Although Artaxerxes II, Darius' successor as King of Persia attempted to lead an expedition to retake Egypt he was unable to do so, due to political problems with his brother, Cyrus the Younger. This allowed Amyrtaeus to solidify Egyptian rule over Egypt.

Very little is known about Amyrtaeus' reign. No monuments from this dynasty have been found.

In 398 BC Amyrtaeus was overthrown and executed by Nefaarud I, ending the 28th Dynasty and beginning the 29th Dynasty.[1]

Pharaohs of the 28th Dynasty

Main article: List of pharaohs

Name of Pharaoh	Cartouche	Reign	Throne Name	Comments
Amyrtaeus / Psamtik V/ Psammetichus V		404-398 BC		Founder of 28th Dynasty

References

1. David, Klotz (2015-09-19). "Persian Period". UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology. 1 (1).

Sources

• O. Perdu, 'Saites and Persians (664-332),' in A.B. Lloyd (ed.), A Companion to Ancient Egypt (Chichester, 2010), 140-58 (at 153-7).
• J.D. Ray, 'Egypt: Dependence and Independence (425-343 B.C.)', in Achaemenid History 1 (Leiden, 1987), 79-95.

See also

• Achaemenid Egypt topics
• History of Ancient Egypt