2 Corinthians 11

2 Corinthians 11 is the eleventh chapter of the Second Epistle to the Corinthians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle and Timothy (2 Corinthians 1:1) in Macedonia in 55–56 CE.[1] According to theologian Heinrich August Wilhelm Meyer, chapters 10–13 "contain the third chief section of the Epistle, the apostle's polemic vindication of his apostolic dignity and efficiency, and then the conclusion".[2]

2 Corinthians 11
A folio of Papyrus 46 (written ca. AD 200), containing 2 Corinthians 11:33–12:9. This manuscript contains almost complete parts of the whole Pauline epistles.
BookSecond Epistle to the Corinthians
CategoryPauline epistles
Christian Bible partNew Testament
Order in the Christian part8

Text

The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 33 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are:

2 Corinthians 11:1–4, 6–9 in Papyrus 124 (6th century).

False Apostles

In verse 13, Paul writes of "false apostles" (Greek: ψευδαποστολοι, pseudapostoloi). In verse 5 he has compared himself with the "super-apostles" [3] or the "apostles-extraordinary" [4] (Greek: των υπερλιαν αποστολων, tōn hyperlian apostolōn). Meyer asks "Whom does he mean by τῶν ὑπερλίαν ἀποστόλων?". He notes that "according to Chrysostom, Theodoret, Grotius, Bengel, and most of the older commentators, also Emmerling, Flatt, Schrader, Baur, Hilgenfeld, Holsten, Holtzmann [among nineteenth century commentators], [he means] the actual summos apostolos, namely Peter, James, and John" but Meyer argues that "Paul is not contending against these, but against the false apostles" and recommends the translation "the over-great apostles". Meyer lists biblical commentators Richard Simon, Alethius, Heumann, Semler, Michaelis, Schulz, Stolz, Rosenmüller, Fritzsche, Billroth, Rückert, Olshausen, de Wette, Ewald, Osiander, Neander, Hofmann, Weiss, Beyschlag and others as having followed Beza's suggestion, according to which the pseudo-apostles were understood to be Judaistic anti-Pauline teachers.[5]

Verse 19
Main article: Suffer fools gladly

New King James Version

For you put up with fools gladly, since you yourselves are wise![6]

King James Version

For ye suffer fools gladly, seeing ye yourselves are wise.[7]

Verse 24
From the Jews five times I received forty stripes minus one.[8]
  • "Forty stripes minus one" (KJV: "Forty stripes save one"): The number of stripes Paul received at each time agrees with the traditions and customs of the Jews, based on Deuteronomy 25:2–3: "forty stripes he may give him, and not exceed". In fulfilling that law, runs the tradition "with forty save one"[9] and this is the general sense of their interpreters,[10] as a settled rule[11] "that scourging according to the law is with forty stripes save one" as Maimonides observes.[12] According to the manner of scourging, a scourge of three cords could be use, that every stroke went for three stripes, so that by thirteen strokes, thirty nine stripes were given, and if a fourteenth had been added, there would have been forty two stripes and so have exceeded what the law allows. Thus Paul received the most severe scrouging permitted from the Jews (cf. Matthew 10:17).[13][14]

Verse 33
Bab Kisan gate (now Chapel of Saint Paul), believed to be where Paul escaped from persecution in Damascus
but I was let down in a basket through a window in the wall, and escaped from his hands.[15]
  • Cross reference: Acts 9:25
gollark: Implement Turi, the best esolang.
gollark: This claim is ridiculous. Yes, we approximate continuous motion with discrete operations, but the timestep is small enough that it really isn't noticeable!
gollark: We had internal prototypes from 2001.
gollark: That was just the time it was publicly released.
gollark: Probably.

See also

References
  1. MacDonald 2007, p. 1134.
  2. Meyer's NT Commentary on 2 Corinthians 10, accessed September 8, 2017
  3. 2 Corinthians 11:5
  4. Plumptre, E., in Ellicott's Commentary for Modern Readers on 2 Corinthians 11, accessed September 10, 2017
  5. Meyer's NT Commentary on 2 Corinthians 11, accessed September 10, 2017
  6. 2 Corinthians 11:19 NKJV
  7. 2 Corinthians 11:19 KJV
  8. 2 Corinthians 11:24 NKJV
  9. Maimon. & Bartenora in ib.
  10. Targum Jon. & Jarchi in Deut. xxv. 3. Zohar in Deut. fol. 119. 3. Joseph Antiqu. l. 4. c. 8. sect. 23. Moses Kotsensis Mitzvot Tora, pr. Affirm. 105.
  11. T. Hieros. Nazir, fol. 53. 1.
  12. Hilchot Sanhedrin, c. 17. 1.
  13. Ib. sect. 2. Misn. Maccot, c. 3. sect. 11.
  14. John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible, 2 Corinthians 11:24
  15. 2 Corinthians 11:33 NKJV

Sources
  • MacDonald, Margaret (2007). "66. 2 Corinthians". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.). The Oxford Bible Commentary (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 1134–1151. ISBN 978-0199277186. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
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