1N4148 signal diode

The 1N4148 is a standard silicon switching signal diode. It is one of the most popular and long-lived switching diodes because of its dependable specifications and low cost. Its name follows the JEDEC nomenclature. The 1N4148 is useful in switching applications up to about 100 MHz with a reverse-recovery time of no more than 4 ns.

A schematic symbol for a diode
1N4148 diodes in DO-35 glass-encapsulated axial lead package

Overview

As the most common mass-produced switching diode, the 1N4148 replaced the older 1N914. They differed mainly in their leakage current specification, however, today most manufacturers list common specifications. For example, Vishay[1] [2] lists the same leakage current for both parts:

  • 25 nA at -20 V, 25°C
  • 5 μA at -75 V, 25°C
  • 50 μA at -20 V, 150°C

Today manufacturers produce the 1N4148 and sell it as either part number.[3] It was second-sourced by many manufacturers; Texas Instruments listed their version of the device in an October 1966 data sheet.[4] These device types have an enduring popularity in low-current applications.[5][6]

The JEDEC registered part numbers 1N4148 and 1N914 are diodes in an axial package. Diodes with similar properties are available in surface-mount packages.

Through-hole package
Surface-mount packages

Note: Some surface-mount packages are marked with "T4" text.[10][11]

Specifications

Absolute maximum ratings (stress ratings, consult datasheet for recommended ratings)[7]

  • VRRM = 100 V  (maximum repetitive reverse voltage)
  • IO = 200 mA  (average rectified forward current)
  • IF = 300 mA  (DC forward current)
  • If = 400 mA  (recurring peak forward current)
  • IFSM = 1 A at 1 s pulse width; 4 A at 1 μS pulse width (non-repetitive peak forward surge current)

Electrical and thermal characteristics[7]

  • VF = 1 V at 10 mA (maximum forward voltage)[17]
  • VR = 75 V at 5 μA; 100 V at 100 μA (minimum breakdown voltage and reverse leakage current)
  • trr = 4 ns (maximum reverse-recovery time)
  • PD = 500 mW (maximum power dissipation)
gollark: _continues WHYJIT development_
gollark: ```python#!/usr/bin/env python3import argparseimport subprocessparser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Compile a WHY program")parser.add_argument("input", help="File containing WHY source code")parser.add_argument("-o", "--output", help="Filename of the output executable to make", default="./a.why")parser.add_argument("-O", "--optimize", help="Optimization level", type=int, default="0")args = parser.parse_args()def build_output(code, mx): C_code = f"""#define QUITELONG long long intconst QUITELONG max = {mx};int main() {{ volatile QUITELONG i = 0; // disable some "optimizations" that RUIN OUR BEAUTIFUL CODE! while (i < max) {{ i++; }} {code}}} """ shell_script = f"""#!/bin/shTMP1=/tmp/ignore-meTMP2=/tmp/ignore-me-too cat << EOF > $TMP1{C_code}EOF gcc -x c -o $TMP2 $TMP1 chmod +x $TMP2 $TMP2 """ return shell_scriptinput = args.inputoutput = args.outputwith open(input, "r") as f: contents = f.read() looplen = max(1000, (2 ** -args.optimize) * 1000000000) code = build_output( contents, looplen ) with open(output, "w") as out: out.write(code)```
gollark: I give you... WHYJIT.
gollark: Trouble is that bundling TCC would require *building* it and that'd increase WHY compile times significantly.
gollark: So how does one actually go around packaging binaries with the program?

See also

References
  1. 1N914 Datasheet; DO-35 Package; Vishay.
  2. 1N4148 Datasheet; DO-35 Package; Vishay.
  3. Michael Predko (2004). 123 robotics experiments for the evil genius. McGraw-Hill Professional. p. 93. ISBN 978-0-07-141358-9.
  4. The Transistor and Diode Data Book, Texas Instruments Incorporated, publication no. CC-413 71243-73-CSS, no date, page 10-34
  5. Jonathan Oxer; Hugh Blemings (2009). Practical Arduino: Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware. Apress. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-4302-2477-8. Small "signal" diodes like the venerable 1N4148/1N914 can cope with about 200mA...
  6. Michael Gasperi; Philippe E. Hurbain; Philippe Hurbain (2009). Extreme NXT: Extending the Lego Mindstorms NXT to the Next Level (2nd ed.). Apress. p. 211. ISBN 978-1-4302-2453-2. You could use a 1N4002, but the 1N4148 is smaller and more appropriate for the current...
  7. 1N4148 Datasheet; DO-35 Package; Fairchild.
  8. 1N4148 Datasheet; DO-35 Package; Kingtronics.
  9. LL4148 Datasheet; MiniMELF Package; Kingtronics.
  10. 1N4148W Datasheet; SOD-123 Package; Diodes Inc.
  11. 1N4148W Datasheet; SOD-123 Package; MCC.
  12. 1N4148W Datasheet; SOD-123 Package; Vishay.
  13. 1N4148WS Datasheet; SOD-323 Package; Diodes Inc.
  14. 1N4148WS Datasheet; SOD-323 Package; Vishay.
  15. 1N4148WT Datasheet; SOD-523 Package; Diodes Inc.
  16. 1N4148X Datasheet; SOD-523 Package; MCC.
  17. "1". The Semiconctor Data Library (Fourth ed.). Motorola Semiconductor Products, Inc. 1973. p. 73.

Further reading
Historical Databooks
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