1991 Swedish general election

General elections were held in Sweden on 15 September 1991.[1] The Swedish Social Democratic Party remained the largest party in the Riksdag, winning 138 of the 349 seats.[2] However, it was the party's worst showing since 1928 with 37.7% of the vote.[3]

1991 Swedish general election
15 September 1991
All 349 seats to the Riksdag
175 seats were needed for a majority
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Ingvar Carlsson Carl Bildt Bengt Westerberg
Party Social Democratic Moderate Liberal People's
Alliance Centre-left Centre-right Centre-right
Last election 156 66 44
Seats won 138 80 33
Seat change 18 14 11
Popular vote 2,062,761 1,199,394 499,356
Percentage 37.7% 21.9% 9.1%
Swing 5.5% 3.6% 3.1%
  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Leader Olof Johansson Alf Svensson Ian Wachtmeister (pictured)
Bert Karlsson
Party Centre Christian Democrats New Democracy
Alliance Centre-right Centre-right None
Last election 42 0 New party
Seats won 31 26 25
Seat change 11 26 25
Popular vote 465,175 390,351 368,281
Percentage 8.5% 7.1% 6.7%
Swing 2.8% 4.2% 6.7%
  Seventh party Eighth party
 
Leader Lars Werner Jan Axelsson
Margareta Gisselberg
Party Left Green
Alliance Centre-left Centre-left
Last election 21 20
Seats won 16 0
Seat change 5 20
Popular vote 246,905 185,051
Percentage 4.5% 3.4%
Swing 1.3% 2.2%
Prime Minister before election

Ingvar Carlsson
Social Democratic

 Elected Prime Minister

Carl Bildt
Moderate

The election was notable due to the rise of a new right-wing populist party named New Democracy which succeeded in securing a parliamentary mandate for the first (and only) time. The four parties of the centre-right coalition (the Centre Party, People's Party, Moderates, and Christian Democrats) were allocated a combined total of 171 seats, 17 more than the two left-wing parties' 154, but still fewer than the 175 necessary for a majority. Thus the centre-right bloc was dependent upon New Democracy to secure a parliamentary majority. It was able to do so, and the Moderates' Carl Bildt became Prime Minister.

One large factor in the shift between the blocs was that the Christian Democrats managed to reach the 4% threshold by a good margin after many previous attempts. This combined with the Green Party falling short of the threshold, meant vast changes to areas yielding wins for the blue bloc. Norrköping, Västerås and Örebro, main urban areas inside the left-wing industrial belt of central Sweden, all voted blue for the first time for generations.[3] Even so, they did only assemble pluralities as opposed to majorities in all three. The centre-right bloc also made vast gains in the capital region, the Moderate Party being the largest both in Stockholm Municipality and the surrounding Stockholm County. Led by the strong Moderate vote, Malmö also flipped to a blue plurality, overturning another historical Social Democrat stronghold.

This election was also famous for the performance of the Donald Duck Party, which collected 1,535 votes, enough to make it the 9th largest in Sweden. The protest party's platform consisted of the demand for "free liquor and wider sidewalks."

Results
Main article: Results of the 1991 Swedish general election

There were 5,470,761 valid ballots cast.[3]

Party Votes % Seats +/–
Swedish Social Democratic Party2,062,76137.7138–18
Moderate Party1,199,39421.980+14
Liberal People's Party499,3569.133–11
Centre Party465,1758.531–11
Christian Democratic Society Party390,3517.126+26
New Democracy368,2816.725New
Left Party246,9054.516–5
Green Party185,0513.40–20
Other parties53,4871.000
Invalid/blank votes92,159–––
Total5,562,9201003490
Registered voters/turnout6,413,40786.7––
Source: Nohlen & Stöver
Popular vote
S
 
 37.71%
M
 
 21.92%
FP
 
 9.12%
C
 
 8.50%
KD
 
 7.14%
ND
 
 6.73%
V
 
 4.51%
MP
 
 3.38%
Others
 
 0.98%
Parliament seats
S
 
 39.54%
M
 
 22.92%
FP
 
 9.46%
C
 
 8.88%
KD
 
 7.45%
ND
 
 7.16%
V
 
 4.58%

By municipality
  • Votes by municipality. The municipalities are the color of the party that got the most votes within the coalition that won relative majority.
  • Cartogram of the map to the left with each municipality rescaled to the number of valid votes cast.
  • Map showing the voting shifts from the 1988 to the 1991 election. Darker blue indicates a municipality voted more towards the parties that formed the centre-right bloc. Darker red indicates a municipality voted more towards the parties that form the left-wing bloc.
  • Votes by municipality as a scale from red/Left-wing bloc to blue/Centre-right bloc.
  • Cartogram of vote with each municipality rescaled in proportion to number of valid votes cast. Deeper blue represents a relative majority for the centre-right coalition, brighter red represents a relative majority for the left-wing coalition.
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References
  1. Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1858 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. Nohlen & Stöver, p1873
  3. "Allmänna valen 1991. Del 1, Riksdagsvalet den 15 september 1991" (PDF) (in Swedish). Statistical Central Bureau. Retrieved 18 November 2019.
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