1970 United States gubernatorial elections

United States gubernatorial elections were held on 3 November 1970, in 35 states and two territories.

1970 United States gubernatorial elections

3 November 1970
37 governorships 35 states; 2 territories
Majority party Minority party   Party Democratic Republican Seats before 18 32 Seats won 29 21 Seat change 11 11
Democratic holds   Democratic pickups   Republican holds   Republican pickups

During this election, the Democrats won a number of the governorships up for re-election via many ways, such as retirement of incumbent, term limits, or defeat of incumbent.

In 1970, Arizona, New Mexico and Wisconsin elected their governors to four-year terms for the first time, instead of two-year terms, this election coincided with the Senate and the House elections.

Alabama

In Alabama, Governor Albert Brewer (who succeeded to the governorship upon Lurleen Wallace's death in 1968) had to endure a very nasty Democratic primary against former Governor George Wallace.[1] In addition, there were no Republicans in the race for governor. Wallace won the Democratic primary and in November the election.

Alaska

In Alaska, then-Lt. Gov. Keith Miller had gotten the job of governor in 1969 after Walter Hickel resigned to be part of President Nixon's Cabinet.[2][3] He lost in 1970 to former Governor William Egan.

Arizona

In Arizona, governors were elected to serve two-year terms until 1970, when Jack Richard Williams was the first governor to be elected to a four-year term.[4][5] Previously, Williams had been elected governor twice to two-year terms in 1966[6] and in 1968.[7] Arizona made the switch official from a two-year term to a four-year term in 1968 with an amendment.[8]

Arkansas

In Arkansas, Winthrop Rockefeller was the first Republican governor in Arkansas since the Reconstruction period.[9] He was defeated in his bid for a third term, by the Democratic challenger Dale Bumpers.

California

Incumbent Republican Governor and future President Ronald Reagan was elected to a second term as governor with about 53% of the vote over Speaker of the State Assembly Jesse Unruh.

Connecticut

Incumbent John Dempsey, a Democrat, did not seek re-election. Sixth District Congressman Thomas Joseph Meskill (Republican) defeated First District Congressman Emilio Q. Daddario (Democratic) 53.76% to 46.23%.

Colorado

In Colorado, John Arthur Love won re-election. He served until 1973, when he would resign to become the first head of Energy Policy under President Nixon.[10]

Florida

Florida's Claude R. Kirk Jr. was another 'first Republican governor since Reconstruction' as well (he switched from Democrat to Republican early on),[11] and was defeated by the Democrat Reubin Askew.

Georgia

In Georgia, governors would be limited to one term until George Busbee was allowed to serve two, and was the first governor to serve two consecutive terms.[12]

Hawaii

In Hawaii, Burns won another term in 1970, but in 1973, Burns had health problems and his Lt. Governor George Ariyoshi, took over-as acting governor, and in 1974, with Burns' retirement, won a term in his own right.[13] Burns died in 1975.[14]

Iowa

Iowa also had its governors serving two-year terms until Robert D. Ray won a four-year term in 1974.[15] Previously, Ray had won a two-year term in 1968,[16] a two-year term this year (1970),[17] and would win another two-year term in 1972.[18] Iowa made the four-year term switch official with an amendment to the state's constitution in 1972.[19]

Kansas

Like Arizona and Iowa, Kansas also had its governors serving two-year terms until 1974, when a constitutional amendment was added, creating a four-year term system for governors.[20] Docking was elected governor in 1966,[21] 1968,[22] 1970,[23] and would get elected in 1972.[24] The first governor to get a four-year term was Robert Frederick Bennett in 1974.[25]

Maine

Beginning with the 1962 governor's race, Maine switched from a two-year term system to a four-year term system for the governors.[26] John H. Reed was the first Maine governor to be elected to a four-year term.[27]

Maryland

In Maryland, Mandel first won the governorship in 1969 in a special election when Agnew resigned in order to become vice president.[28]

In 1970, Mandel ran for a full term and won.[29]

Massachusetts

In 1966, Massachusetts switched from a two-year to four-year terms for governors, and John A. Volpe was the first Massachusetts governor to be elected to a four-year term. He had previously been elected to two-year terms in 1960 and in 1964. Volpe resigned in 1969 to become President Nixon's Secretary of Transportation. Francis W. Sargent then became acting governor. In 1970, Sargent got a term in his own right.[30][31]

Michigan

In 1963, Michigan changed governors' terms from two years to four years.[32] George W. Romney had won two-year terms in 1962[33] and 1964,[34] and a four-year term in 1966.[35] He resigned in 1969 to become President Nixon's Housing and Urban Development Secretary.[35] William Milliken became governor,[36] and got a full term in 1970.[37]

Nebraska

In 1962, voters in Nebraska approved of an amendment, effective with the 1966 governor's race, that switched from two-year to four-year terms for governors. In 1966, the "two consecutive terms" rule was established.[38] Norbert Tiemann was the first Nebraskan to get a four-year term with the 1966 governor's race.[39] J. James Exon was elected governor.

New Mexico

New Mexico also had a two-year term for governors until 1970, when the state constitution was changed to a four-year term for governors-without being allowed to have two consecutive terms.[40] As for the "no two consecutive terms" rule, that was still on the books until 1991, when thanks to a change in the state's constitution, Bruce King was eligible for two consecutive terms.[41] King was elected to the first of three non-consecutive terms.

New York

In New York, Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller won re-election to a fourth term. Rockefeller served until 1973, when he resigned.[42]

Pennsylvania

In Pennsylvania, although the constitution was changed to allow governors to have two consecutive terms, the rule didn't apply to then current Gov. Raymond P. Shafer.[43] The election was won by Milton Shapp.

South Carolina

Governors in South Carolina weren't allowed two consecutive terms until 1980, when an amendment to the constitution was added. Richard Riley was the first South Carolina governor to have two consecutive terms with his 1982 re-election.[44] John C. West won election.

South Dakota

South Dakota also had governors on two-year terms until 1972, when a constitutional amendment allowed the governor to have a four-year term.[45][46] Richard F. Kneip would be the first governor to be elected to a four-year term, though he resigned to accept an appointment.[47] Kneip, elected governor for a two-year term this year (1970), would be re-elected for another two-year term in 1972.[48][49]

Tennessee

In 1978, Tennessee changed its constitution to allow the governors to serve two consecutive terms.[50][51] Winfield Dunn was elected this (1970) year.

Wisconsin

In 1968, Wisconsin changed its constitution from a two-year term for governor to a four-year term.[52] Upon his election this year, Patrick Lucey would become the first governor to serve a four-year term (see Wisconsin gubernatorial elections).

Wyoming

Governor Stanley K. Hathaway won re-election to a second four-year term.

United States gubernatorial elections 1970 chart

State	Incumbent	Party	Status	Opposing candidates
Alabama	Albert Brewer	Democratic	Defeated in runoff primary,[53][54] Democratic victory	George Wallace (Democratic) 74.51% John L. Cashin Jr. (National Democratic Party of Alabama) 14.68% A. C. Shelton (Independent) 8.85% Jerome B. Couch (Prohibition) 1.14% Menter G. Walker (Independent) 0.41% John Watts (Whig) 0.41%[55]
Alaska	Keith Miller	Republican	Defeated, 46.13%, Democratic victory	William A. Egan (Democratic) 52.38% Ralph M. Anderson (American Independent) 1.49%[56]
Arizona	Jack Williams	Republican	Re-elected, 50.89%	Raúl Héctor Castro (Democratic) 49.11%[57]
Arkansas	Winthrop Rockefeller	Republican	Defeated, 32.41%, Democratic victory	Dale Bumpers (Democratic) 61.66% Walter L. Carruth (American) 5.93%[58]
California	Ronald Reagan	Republican	Re-elected, 52.84%	Jesse M. Unruh (Democratic) 45.14% Ricardo Romo (Peace & Freedom) 1.01% William K. Shearer (American Independent) 1.01%[59]
Colorado	John Arthur Love	Republican	Re-elected, 52.46%	Mark Anthony Hogan (Democratic) 45.24% Albert Gurule (La Raza Unida) 1.82% Walter R. Plankinton (American Independent) 0.31% James Lauderdale (Socialist Workers) 0.17%[60]
Connecticut	John N. Dempsey	Democratic	Retired,[61] Republican victory	Thomas Meskill (Republican) 53.76% Emilio Q. Daddario (Democratic) 46.23%[62]
Florida	Claude R. Kirk Jr.	Republican	Defeated, 43.12%	Reubin Askew (Democratic) 56.88%[63]
Georgia	Lester Maddox	Democratic	Term-limited, Democratic victory	Jimmy Carter (Democratic) 59.28% Hal Suit (Republican) 40.60% Write-ins 0.12%[64]
Hawaii	John A. Burns	Democratic	Re-elected, 57.65%	Samuel Pailthorpe King (Republican) 42.35%[65]
Idaho	Don Samuelson	Republican	Defeated, 47.78%	Cecil Andrus (Democratic) 52.22%[66]
Iowa	Robert D. Ray	Republican	Re-elected, 50.98%	Robert D. Fulton (Democratic) 46.62% Robert Dilley (American Independent) 2.39%[17]
Kansas	Robert Docking	Democratic	Re-elected, 54.30%	Kent Frizzell (Republican) 44.72% P. Everett Sperry (Conservative) 0.58% Marshall Uncapher (Prohibition) 0.41%[23]
Maine	Kenneth M. Curtis	Democratic	Re-elected, 50.14%	James S. Erwin (Republican) 49.86%[67]
Maryland	Marvin Mandel	Democratic	Elected to a full term, 65.73%	Charles Stanley Blair (Republican) 32.40% Robert Woods Merkle, Sr. (American) 1.97%[29]
Massachusetts	Francis Sargent	Republican	Elected to a full term, 56.67%	Kevin White (Democratic) 42.79% Henning A. Blomen (Socialist Labor) 0.36% John C. Hedges (Prohibition) 0.17%[68]
Michigan	William Milliken	Republican	Elected to a full term, 50.41%	Sander Levin (Democratic) 48.74% James L. McCormick (American Independent) 0.68% George Bouse (Socialist Workers) 0.08% James Horvath (Socialist Labor) 0.08%[37]
Minnesota	Harold LeVander	Republican	Retired, Democratic victory	Wendell R. Anderson (Democratic–Farmer–Labor) 54.04% Douglas M. Head (Republican) 45.54% Karl H. Heck (Industrial Government) 0.35% Write in Jack O. Kirkham (Independent) 0.07%[69]
Nebraska	Norbert Tiemann	Republican	Defeated, 43.76%, Democratic victory	J. James Exon (Democratic) 53.84% Albert C. Walsh (American) 2.36%[70]
Nevada	Paul Laxalt	Republican	Retired, Democratic victory	Mike O'Callaghan (Democratic) 48.10% Edward Fike (Republican) 43.81% Charles E. Springer (Independent) 4.41% Daniel M. Hansen (Independent American) 3.68%[71]
New Hampshire	Walter R. Peterson Jr.	Republican	Re-elected, 45.99%	Roger J. Crowley (Democratic) 44.10% Meldrim Thomson Jr. (American) 9.91% Write ins 0.01%[72]
New Mexico	David Cargo	Republican	Term-limited, Democratic victory	Bruce King (Democratic) 51.26% Pete Domenici (Republican) 46.37% John A. Salazar (Independent New Mexican) 1.60% Wilfredo Sedillo (People's Constitutional) 0.77%[73]
New York	Nelson Rockefeller	Republican	Re-elected, 52.41%	Arthur Goldberg (Democratic) 40.27% Paul Adams (Conservative) 7.03% Rasheed Storey (Communist) 0.13% Clifton DeBerry (Socialist Workers) 0.10% Stephen Emery (Socialist Labor) 0.07%[42]
Ohio	Jim Rhodes	Republican	Term-limited,[74] Democratic victory	John J. Gilligan (Democratic) 54.19% Roger Cloud (Republican) 43.42% Edward T. Lawton (American Independent) 1.93% Joseph Pirincin (Socialist Labor) 0.44% Write in John A. Crites (Independent) 0.01%[75]
Oklahoma	Dewey F. Bartlett	Republican	Defeated, 48.11%, Democratic victory	David Hall (Democratic) 48.42% Reuel Little (American) 3.48%[76]
Oregon	Tom McCall	Republican	Re-elected, 55.60%	Robert W. Straub (Democratic) 44.17% Write in Doug Yeager (Independent) 0.23%[77]
Pennsylvania	Raymond P. Shafer	Republican	Term-limited, Democratic victory	Milton Shapp (Democratic) 55.22% Raymond J. Broderick (Republican) 41.70% Andrew J. Watson (Constitutional) 2.25% Francis McGeever (American Independent) 0.59% George S. Taylor (Socialist Labor) 0.10% Clarissa Cain (Consumer) 0.08% Pearl Chertov (Socialist Workers) 0.07%[78]
Rhode Island	Frank Licht	Democratic	Re-elected, 50.07%	Herbert F. DeSimone (Republican) 49.53% John E. Powers (Socialist Workers) 0.40%[79]
South Carolina	Robert Evander McNair	Democratic	Term-limited, Democratic victory	John C. West (Democratic) 51.68% Albert Watson (Republican) 45.63% A.W. "Red" Bethea (Independent) 2.01% Write in Thomas D. Broadwater (United Citizens) 0.68%[80]
South Dakota	Frank Farrar	Republican	Defeated, 45.15%	Richard F. Kneip (Democratic) 54.85%[48]
Tennessee	Buford Ellington	Democratic	Term-limited, Republican victory	Winfield Dunn (Republican) 51.95% John Jay Hooker (Democratic) 45.98% Douglas L. Heinsohn (American) 2.07%[81]
Texas	Preston Smith	Democratic	Re-elected, 53.43%	Paul Eggers (Republican) 46.55% Others 0.02%[82]
Vermont	Deane C. Davis	Republican	Re-elected, 56.97%	Leo O'Brien Jr. (Democratic) 43.01% Others 0.03%[83]
Wisconsin	Warren P. Knowles	Republican	Retired, Democratic victory	Patrick Lucey (Democratic) 54.24% Jack B. Olson (Republican) 44.88% Leo James McDonald (American) 0.67% Georgia Cozzini (Independent) 0.10% Samuel K. Hunt (Independent) 0.07% Myrtle Kastner (Independent) 0.05%[84]
Wyoming	Stanley K. Hathaway	Republican	Re-elected, 62.79%	John J. Rooney (Democratic) 37.21%[85]

See also

• 1970 United States elections
  • 1970 United States Senate elections
  • 1970 United States House of Representatives elections

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