195 BC

Year 195 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Flaccus and Cato (or, less frequently, year 559 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 195 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Millennium:	1st millennium BC
Centuries:	3rd century BC 2nd century BC 1st century BC
Decades:	210s BC 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC
Years:	198 BC 197 BC 196 BC 195 BC 194 BC 193 BC 192 BC

195 BC in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	195 BC CXCIV BC
Ab urbe condita	559
Ancient Egypt era	XXXIII dynasty, 129
- Pharaoh	Ptolemy V Epiphanes, 9
Ancient Greek era	146th Olympiad, year 2
Assyrian calendar	4556
Balinese saka calendar	N/A
Bengali calendar	−787
Berber calendar	756
Buddhist calendar	350
Burmese calendar	−832
Byzantine calendar	5314–5315
Chinese calendar	乙巳年 (Wood Snake) 2502 or 2442     — to — 丙午年 (Fire Horse) 2503 or 2443
Coptic calendar	−478 – −477
Discordian calendar	972
Ethiopian calendar	−202 – −201
Hebrew calendar	3566–3567
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	−138 – −137
- Shaka Samvat	N/A
- Kali Yuga	2906–2907
Holocene calendar	9806
Iranian calendar	816 BP – 815 BP
Islamic calendar	841 BH – 840 BH
Javanese calendar	N/A
Julian calendar	N/A
Korean calendar	2139
Minguo calendar	2106 before ROC 民前2106年
Nanakshahi calendar	−1662
Seleucid era	117/118 AG
Thai solar calendar	348–349
Tibetan calendar	阴木蛇年 (female Wood-Snake) −68 or −449 or −1221     — to — 阳火马年 (male Fire-Horse) −67 or −448 or −1220

Events

By place

Carthage

• Because of his administrative and constitutional reforms in Carthage, Hannibal becomes unpopular with an important faction of the Carthaginian nobility and he is denounced to the Romans for inciting the Seleucid king Antiochus III to take up arms against the Romans. Rome demands that Carthage surrender Hannibal. However, Hannibal voluntarily goes into exile.

Seleucid Empire

• Tensions between Antiochus III and Rome increase when Hannibal is given refuge by Antiochus III at Ephesus and becomes his adviser.
• After Roman diplomatic intervention, Antiochus III finally halts his war with Egypt. In the peace agreement (the Peace of Lysimachia), Antiochus III formally takes possession of southern Syria, which has been fought over for 100 years by the Ptolemies and Seleucids, and also takes possession of the Egyptian territories in Anatolia.

Roman Republic

• A Spanish revolt against Roman consolidation of the ex-Carthaginian colonies is effectively put down by Marcus Porcius Cato ("the Censor"). He avoids one defeat by paying the Celtiberians 200 talents (around 120,000 denarii), a much-criticised tactic. On Cato's return to Rome, Aemilius Paulus succeeds him as Roman governor in Spain.
• The Roman sumptuary law, the Lex Oppia, which restricts not only a woman's wealth, but also her display of wealth, is repealed despite consul Marcus Porcius Cato's strong opposition.

Greece

• The Battle of Gythium is fought between Sparta and a coalition of Rome, Rhodes, the Achaean League and Pergamum. As the port of Gythium is an important Spartan base, the allies decide to capture it before they advance inland to Sparta. The Romans and the Acheans are joined outside the city by the Pergamese and Rhodian fleets. The Spartans hold out, however the pro-consul Titus Quinctius Flamininus arrives with 4,000 extra men. Facing too great an army, the Spartans decide to surrender the city on the condition that the garrison can leave unharmed. As a result, Nabis, the tyrant of Sparta, is forced to abandon the surrounding land and withdraw to the city of Sparta. Later that year, Sparta capitulates to the allies.

Egypt

• Aristophanes of Byzantium, Greek scholar, critic and grammarian, becomes the chief librarian at Alexandria.

China

• Chang'an, the capital of China, is thought to become the largest city in the world at this time, taking over from Pataliputra, the capital of the Mauryan empire.[1]

Korea

• Haemosu Dangun, the first ruler of Buyeo, dies and his son Mosuri Dangun succeeds him to the throne.

Births

• Mithridates I (or Mithradates), "Great King" of Parthia from about 171 BC who turned Parthia into a major political power and expanded the empire westward into Mesopotamia (d. 138 BC)
• Terence or Publius Terentius Afer, Roman comic playwright (approximate date) (d. 159 BC)

Deaths

• June 1 – Gaozu of Han (or Gao), first Emperor of the Chinese Han Dynasty, who has ruled from 202 BC (b. 256 or 247 BC)

References

1. Geography at about.com