Universally Unique Identifiers (UUIDs) are 128-bit numbers used to uniquely identify data. They are globally unique for practical purposes, with an almost negligible chance to being duplicate.
A Universally Unique Identifier (UUID) is a 128-bit number used to uniquely identify data. The term Globally Unique Identifier (GUID) is used by Microsoft and is considered synonymous.
UUIDs are not managed by a central authority and instead rely upon a large enough namespace to make collisions unlikely.
There are different "versions" of UUIDs, with version 1 and version 4 being the most widely adopted variants.
Version 1
This version is based upon the time of creation at 100-nanosecond resolution, as well as the MAC-address of the computer creating the UUID. For this reason, Version 1 UUIDs are considered to be "unsafe", as they leak information on the system that created the UUID, or the time at which it was created, which may or may not be problematic, depending on the individual threat model.
Version 4
This version generates UUIDs randomly, meaning that no information about the creator or the creation time of the UUID is being leaked. Version 4 is thus generally recommended, unless the creation time of a UUID is relevant.