What is the smallest positive base 10 integer that can be printed by a program shorter (in characters) than itself?

Question

I think the question as above is clear, but just in case:

• Write a full program (not just a function) which prints a positive base 10 integer, optionally followed by a single newline.

• Qualifying programs will be those whose output is longer (in bytes) than the source code of the program, measured in bytes (assuming ASCII or UTF-8 encoding for the program source code).

  I.e. the code must be shorter than the number of digits in the resulting number.

• Leading zeros are disallowed under all circumstances. Counting leading zeroes trivialises the problem; ignoring leading zeros unnecessarily complicates the question.

• The winning program will be the qualifying program which prints the integer with the smallest magnitude.

Leaderboard snippet

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<div id="language-list"> <h2>Shortest Solution by Language</h2> <table class="language-list"> <thead> <tr><td>Language</td><td>User</td><td>Score</td></tr> </thead> <tbody id="languages"> </tbody> </table> </div> <div id="answer-list"> <h2>Leaderboard</h2> <table class="answer-list"> <thead> <tr><td></td><td>Author</td><td>Language</td><td>Size</td></tr> </thead> <tbody id="answers"> </tbody> </table> </div> <table style="display: none"> <tbody id="answer-template"> <tr><td>{{PLACE}}</td><td>{{NAME}}</td><td>{{LANGUAGE}}</td><td>{{SIZE}}</td><td><a href="{{LINK}}">Link</a></td></tr> </tbody> </table> <table style="display: none"> <tbody id="language-template"> <tr><td>{{LANGUAGE}}</td><td>{{NAME}}</td><td>{{SIZE}}</td><td><a href="{{LINK}}">Link</a></td></tr> </tbody> </table>

Answer 1

Retina, score 1

The empty program counts the number of matches of the empty regex in the input (which is the empty string). That's exactly 1 match, so it prints 1.

Try it online.

Answer 2

Pyth, 10

T

First attempt at using Pyth. Having had the question clarified, it seems 10 will be the smallest number. In Pyth the letter T starts off as the number 10, so this simply prints 10 which is larger than the length of the source code. You can try it here.

Answer 3

bc, 10

A

Luckily, bc prints the result of the last expression by default. A is interpreted as a hex digit, so results in 10.

Answer 4

Fishing, score 7,958,661,109,946,400,884,391,936 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176

Is this the highest non-trivial-looking score ever in a minimization challenge? (Even though it has been golfed by 84.8%)

v+CCCCCCCCCC
  `32`nSSSSP

---

Explanation

v              Sets the casting direction to down
 +             Increments the casting distance by 1
  CCCCCCCCCC   Casts the rod

`32`         Pushes a string "32" to the stack
    n        Converts the stack from a string to an integer
     SSSS    Repeated squaring of the stack
         P   Prints the stack

The number is 32^16 and has 25 digits. The code is 24 bytes long. The previous answer was 6^32.

Answer 5

MATLAB, 1,000,000,000 (10⁹)

Also works with Octave

disp(1e9)

Never going to beat the esolangs, but just for fun, this is the smallest MATLAB/Octave will be able to do, so thought I would post it anyway.

Answer 6

TI-84 BASIC, 120

5!

ᴇ2 would score better if not for the silly UTF-8 requirement. (It's only two bytes in the calculator's native tokenized encoding, but it's 4 in UTF-8...)

Answer 7

C#, score 10^72 10^70 10^64 10^63

class A{static void Main(){System.Console.Write($"1{0:D63}");}}

That's 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000. I guess that I tried...

Answer 8

Hexagony, score 100100

Code:

d!!@

In a more readable form:

  d !
 ! @ .
  . .

The char value of d is 100. This will simply print the char value twice and terminates after.

Try it online!

Answer 9

PlatyPar, 59

#

# starts a numeric base-60 literal, and since no digits are found, it ends up as 59. This started as a happy accident, but since I have already [ab]used this bug in another answer, I kept it.

Try it online!

Here's another approach, my take on the boring way that everyone and their grandmother used for this challenge.

PlatyPar, 100000000 (9 digits)

'18Md0+;

Explanation

'1        ## push "1" (a string) to the stack
  8Md  ;  ## repeat 8 times
     0+    ## add a 0
          ## [implicitly] print the result

Try it online!

Answer 10

JavaScript, score 100,000,000,000 (or 1*10¹¹)

alert(1e11)

This is if using alert. Though you can get 100 000 000 times lesser score if using console:

1e3

Score 1000 as you can see, I'm not sure it counts using the console though.

Answer 11

Brainf**k, 11111111111111111111111111111111111 (~1e34)

And another reduction:

+++++++[>+++++++>+<<-]>>[<.....>-]

Which gives 35 consecutive 1's, or approximately 1e34.

---

A bit smaller still

++++++++[>++++++>+<<-]>+>+[<....>-]

Gives 36 1's which is a number about 11% larger than 1e35.

---

Thanks to @Martin Büttner for knocking off a couple of characters reducing the total output by a factor of 100 with this code (yields 1e36):

++++++[>++++++++>++<<-]>+.->[<...>-]

---

My old code (yields 1+e38):

++++++++[>++++++>++<<-]>+.->+++[<..>-]

I've been experimenting with esolangs out of boredom. This is the best I could do in BF. I wonder if it is possible to make it smaller?

You can try it online here.

Answer 12

C, 1000000000000000000000000000 (28 digits)

main(){printf("1%027d",0);}

Similar to my C++ answer, without the #include <stdio.h> (Ignore the warning about missing declaration of printf. Thanks @Dennis)

Newline would require an additional 2 bytes, using format 1%029d\n

Answer 13

Japt, score 10

A

As shows the score, prints 10.

Answer 14

Python 2, 101010101010

print'10'*6

Answer 15

PHP, score 10,000,000

<?=1e7;

This prints 10000000 as can be seen there.

Answer 16

Labyrinth, score 10,000,000

1!!!!>@

It might be possible to bring this down by one order of magnitude, but I can't find anything right now.

The first 1!!!! prints 1000. Then > shifts the source code to

@1!!!!>

which avoids early termination. Then the IP hits a dead end and turns around. Now !!!! prints four more zeroes and @ terminates the program.

Try it online.

Answer 17

DC, 10000

4 chars program:

I4^f

5 digits output:

$ dc<<<'I4^f'
10000

Answer 18

Samau, 42

A

A pushes the Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, The Universe, and Everything onto the stack. Then the top of the stack is automatically printed.

Answer 19

Brainfuck, 3333333333333333333333333 (25 threes)

This is written "from scratch" so I think it's okay to post a separate answer:

-[>+>+<<-----]>-[-->.<]

23 bytes long.

Answer 20

Vitsy, 7! = 5040

7FN

Outputs 5040.

Try it online!

Answer 21

C, 11111111111111111111111111111111111 (35 ones)

main(c){while(c++<36)putchar(49);}

Maybe there's a shorter way. The lack of a simple way to print big numbers in C makes it tricky.

Answer 22

CJam, score 10

A

Try it online!

Answer 23

Java, 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 (81 ones)

interface A{static void main(String[]a){for(A i:new A[81])System.out.print(1);}}
                                        ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

I've underlined the part that is actually "variable" here; everything else is absolutely necessary for a working Java program.

Presumably this is shorter than mucking around with Java's BigInteger.

Answer 24

Cubix, 100100

@'dOu

Cubix is a 2-dimensional, stack-based esolang. Cubix is different from other 2D langs in that the source code is wrapped around the outside of a cube.

Test it online!

Explanation

The first thing the interpreter does is figure out the smallest cube that the code will fit onto. In this case, the edge-length is 1. Then the code is padded with no-ops . until all six sides are filled. Whitespace is removed before processing, so this code is identical to the above:

  @
' d O u
  .

Now the code is run. The IP (instruction pointer) starts out on the far left face, pointing east.

The first char the IP encounters is ', which pushes the next byte onto the stack; this byte is d, or 100. Next is O, which outputs the top item (100) as an integer.

Then the IP hits u, which turns it to the right, moves it forward, then turns it again. It switches to the bottom face pointing north, then rotates to the east. This wraps it to the O again, outputting 100, then up to @ which terminates the program.

Answer 25

Python 2, 107918163081

print 69**6

Answer 26

MATL, 1000

1e3

Note: latest GitHub commit of the compiler works on Octave as well as on Matlab.

This interprets the number in scientific notation, and implicitly prints it, thus producing the output

1000

Answer 27

Perl, 1000000000

print 1e9

Straightforward.

Answer 28

C++, 1e46

#include <stdio.h>
main(){printf("1%046d",0);}

Newline would require an additional 2 bytes, using format "1%048d\n"

Answer 29

O, 10

A

Apparently the score is the number we print!

Answer 30

05AB1E, score 10

Code

T

Explanation:

T         # Puts 10 onto the stack
          # Implicit, print the last item of the stack

Answer 31

Jelly, score 120

5!

Calculates the factorial of 5. Try it online!

Answer 32

Mathematica, score 87,178,291,200

Print[14!]

This solution is not helped by the fact that it takes 6 characters to print anything.

Answer 33

Brian & Chuck, 11,111,111,111,111 (≈ 1.1e13)

?1<SO>{?
#{>.>-?

Here, <SO> stands for the "shift out" control character with character code 0x0E.

Try it online.

That's all my language covered then. :)

Explanation

The 1 in Brian's code (first line) is used for printing. Then <SO> is used as a counter variable. The rest is just a simple loop setup which prints that 1 while decrementing the <SO> down to zero.

Answer 34

Marbelous, 100000000000000000000000 (24 digits)

Previously 28, 26 digits

@1
-- 10 '0
=0 @1
!! \\ /\ '1

All the spaces are superfluous. Outputs 1 then 0 repeatedly while counting down in parallel. Layout and counter tweaked to produce the desired amount of output for a 23-byte program.

Answer 35

TeaScript, 10 points

e

The e variable is preinitialized to 10

Try it online

Answer 36

Ruby, 1679616

p 6**8

Computes 6⁸.

Answer 37

QBasic, 15625

?5^6

? auto-magically gets converted to PRINT, 5 to the power of 6 yields the most convenient number of more than 4 bytes.

Answer 38

Java, 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546 (~10⁸²)

Curent version:

interface N{static void main(String[]a){for(int i=0;i<46;)System.out.print(++i);}}

Previous version [score floor(10⁸⁴/9)=111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111]:

interface N{static void main(String[]a){for(int i=0;i<84;i++)System.out.print(1);}}

Original version (score 10⁹³):

interface N{static void main(String[]a){System.out.print(java.math.BigInteger.TEN.pow(93));}}

Answer 39

Labyrinth, 1001101

>1!:
@

As Martin predicted, one order of magnitude lower is possible! Try it online!

I'm not going to go into full details as to how Labyrinth works, but this trace should give a rough idea as to what's going on anyway:

Inst   Detail                                    Stack            Output
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>      Rotate row 0 right                        []

[Board update]
:>1!
@

1      * 10 + 1                                  [1]
!      Output                                    []               1
1      * 10 + 1                                  [1]
>      Rotate row 1 right                        []

[Board update]
:>1!
 @

:      Dup                                       [0 0]
>      Rotate row 0 right                        [0]

[Board update]
!:>1
 @

1      * 10 + 1                                  [1]
>      Rotate row 1 right                        []

[Board update]
!:>1
  @

:      Dup                                       [0 0]
!      Output                                    [0]              0
:      Dup                                       [0 0]
>      Rotate row 0 right                        [0]

[Board update]
1!:>
  @

:      Dup                                       [0 0]
!      Output                                    [0]              0
1      * 10 + 1                                  [1]
!      Output                                    []               1
:      Dup                                       [0 0]
>      Rotate row 0 right                        [0]

[Board update]
>1!:
  @

1      * 10 + 1                                  [1]
!      Output                                    []               1
:      Dup                                       [0 0]
!      Output                                    [0]              0
1      * 10 + 1                                  [1]
>      Rotate row 1 right                        []

[Board update]
>1!:
   @

1      * 10 + 1                                  [1]
!      Output                                    []               1
:      Dup                                       [0 0]
@      Halt

Answer 40

Come Here, floor(10⁴²/9)

0CALL42cCOME FROM SGNcCALLc-1c1TELL49NEXT

Ungolfed:

0 NOTE It is illegal to "COME FROM" a nonexistant label.
CALL 42 c NOTE c=42
COME FROM SGN c NOTE If c>0, come back here after next reaching label 1
CALL c-1 c NOTE decrement c
1 TELL 49 NEXT NOTE I really don't understand why the parser requires NEXT here, but it does

Answer 41

GolfScript, 3125

5.?

Computes 5⁵.

Answer 42

Python 2, 1,000,000,000

Even lower than my other answer (but includes a trailing zero, which I did not count towards the score). Similar to the Matlab/Octave solution.

print 1e9

Answer 43

Windows PowerShell, 1000

1e3

Another methods to achieve something similar, though not as small, may be

1KB   # 1024

Answer 44

C, 327228837632722883924195568 (28 digits)

main(){printf("%u%u%u");}

Undefined behavior is awesome!!! This solution probably doesn't count due to UB, but I just wanted to put the idea out there.

Using Coliru, I get that output every time.

Answer 45

NTFJ, 111111111111111111111111111111 (30 ones)

Code:

#(#~~~#@::::::)$::::*****(~#^

Explanation

One the first run through we push six 49s (ASCII value for one) to set up for the loop this only runs the first time because # is used to enter the loop. On all subsequent runs the # is skipped and thus the loop is skipped as well.

After that as well as with all future runs we pop a value $ which for the first run is a 49 but for all subsequent runs is the zero used to skip the loop. We then duplicate the TOS four times and output five times decreasing the total by one. If the TOS is zero (i.e. not 49) we end the program otherwise we jump back to the first instruction immediately skipping to back to four duplications.

This outputs 30 ones and has a length of 29.

Additional solution

I thought since Conor O'Brien forgot about the : operator I'd do a solution without it to be fair to him.

#(##################~)~##~~~#@*~~##~~~~@*~~##~~~~@*$(~#^

This prints

100100100100100100100100100100100100100100100100100100100

I was going to make an explanation for this but I forgot how it works.

Answer 46

Vim, 11111

5i1␛

Works by inserting the character 1 five times. Try it online!

Answer 47

Microscript/Microscript II, 100

2E

Answer 48

Haskell, 1001129150390625

main=print$75^8

Probably minimal. I can't think of a shorter way to make a large integer and print it than exponentiation (^); you need at least main=print$. Of all choices for base and exponent, 75^8 was the lowest number longer than the code.

EDIT: Thanks, Neil!

Answer 49

C++, 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 (60 ones)

#include<cstdio>
int main(int c){while(c++<61)putchar(49);}

Translation of my C answer.

Answer 50

Excel & LibreOffice Calc – 10000

=1e4

Save as challenge.csv, then open in Excel or Calc. Usually just double-clicking will do.

Answer 51

Java, 10^72

interface A{static void main(String[]a){System.out.printf("1%072d",0);}}

Answer 52

Befunge (quirkster implementation), 123648

"**.@

Pushes the string **.@ onto the stack, wraps around, exits string mode, and executes it, multiplying the ASCII values of the last three characters and outputting the result as an integer.

Edit: Only works if the playfield width is considered to be implicitly set to the maximum line width, not right-padded to a default size. Thanks to James Holderness for the catch.

Answer 53

><>, 10560

'*n`

Try it online!

'*n`'         Push chars to stack, giving [42 110 96]
     *        Multiply, giving [42 10560]
      n       Output 10560 as number
       `      Unrecognised char, so the program outputs with an error

Unfortunately, out of all chars smaller than ` which give a 5-digit output, none of [\]^_ work since they are valid instructions which don't cause the termination we require.

Answer 54

R - 134217728

cat(8^9)

I doubt it can be make any shorter having to use cat function. Pretty boring, though.

Edit: Improved thanks to Christian Sievers

Answer 55

Cubically, score 836,308,545 328,426,785 45,454,545 1,818

^{Knocked the score down by utilizing existing face values instead of wasting space messing with the notepad. Too bad I golfed it before the revision history kicked in :(}

%22

Try it online! Explanation:

• Functions are called strangely in Cubically. When the interpreter hits a function, it sets the internal "default function" to that function. Then, when it hits any integer, it calls the internal default function with that integer. So R1 will call R with 1, R11 will call R with 1 twice, etc.
• %22 prints the value of the front face (18) two times.

Outdated:

Fun fact! Due to how functions are called in Cubically, for each extra byte (6 at the end) we add, we can multiply the output length. Example:

:5*6666%66

Prints 836308545836308545. :5*6666%666 prints 836308545836308545836308545. Etc.

Answer 56

Z80Golf, 123334567 (8 bytes)

00000000: 3cf6 30fe 3820 0176                      <.0.8 .v

Try it online!

Disassembly:

  inc a
  or '0'
  cmp '8'
  jr nz, ok
  halt
ok:

Runs as follows:

• A is incremented, then or'd by '0', giving '1'.
• This is not '8', so we jump past the halt.
• Code runs through many NOPs into putchar ($8000). We print '1'. Then we effectively return: The PC is set to (SP) which is $f63c, the first word in memory (i.e. the first word of our code) – we never pushed anything, so we're stack-underflowing into our own code, interpreting it as 16-bit addresses. SP is incremented by 2, now $0002.
• PC runs through NOPs from $f63c to $0000, the start of our code. A is incremented to '2'.
• We jump past the halt again and run into $8000. We print '2', then jump to $fe30 and SP is now $0004. We run from there into $0000, the start of our code again.
• We similarly print '3', but the next return address we pop is $2038, which means the PC reaches $8000 again before it reaches our code; so we print '3' again, then returning to $7601 and thus printing '3' a third time; before finally returning to $0000 where execution continues as normal. Now SP is $000a.
• Nothing is weird past here: the return address will always be $0000 since SP is now pointing after our code. We count up printing '4', '5', '6', '7' until finally A = '8' and we halt.

Answer 57

Alchemist, 11109876543210

a->Out_a!12a

Try it online!

Down from ~1e18 to ~1e14 thanks to @Jo King

Answer 58

Befunge 98 - 10000000000:

a8k:8k*.@

or:

a8k:8k*.q  

The number printed has twelve didgits and the program is eleven bytes long.

Answer 59

AppleScript, 10^3

1e3

Implicit output? :o

Answer 60

gs2, 10

→

A single byte of CP437. Prints 10. Try it here!

Answer 61

Mouse-2002, 10101010

k is 10, but ! printing costs a byte, so this is the only way.

kkkk(!)

Exits with an error, if run interactively.

Answer 62

Befunge-93, 101010101010

6<_@#:-1.+4

I can't immediately think of anything shorter, but I think this is pretty good.

EDIT: got it from 161616161616 to 101010101010.

Answer 63

Commodore Basic, 1000000

1?1E6

Answer 64

Mathematica, score 120

5!

Contrary to the assertion in this answer, you don't need Print to print something in Mathematica. Mathematical operations like exponentiation and factorials are supported by default.

Answer 65

Self-modifying Brainf***, 111,000,000,000,000 (1.11e14)

_ represents a null byte \x00. Prints each digit 3 times. I'm also fairly certain this is minimal. Interleaving digits with code is longer. There are several shorter solutions where the number is of equal length, but not longer.

<[...<]_00001

Answer 66

PowerShell, 111111

"1"*6

If the newline counts, then "1"*5 prints 11111\n.

Answer 67

><> (fish), 1000010000

a:*:*:nn;

explaination:

duplicates and multiplies 10 to get to two 10000's then prints both, being ten total characters long, one more than the program character length

Answer 68

marioLANG, 700666666005555550044444400333333002222220011111100 (51 digits for 49 bytes)

still no marioLANG anwser? well here's one,

Try it online

+
+
+
+
+
+!::::::<
+#======"
:>)::(-[!
="======#

Answer 69

7, 16031, language postdates challenge

1603

Try it online!

It's unclear what "must be encoded in ASCII or UTF-8" means in 7. The most obvious meaning is that I have to write each command as a single character, and encode its name in ASCII (this is particularly suitable here, because that's an input encoding that the 7 interpreter understands). In this case, the best I can do is 16031 (the first character here is a literal that's never executed, thus could be any octal digit; 0603 outputs 06031, but leading zeroes are disallowed, so the best digit we can use here is 1).

Explanation

A 7 program is basically a sequence of literals that are pushed to the stack, unescaping them in the process; thus the "initial run" of the program is always fairly boring and just puts things on the stack. Then the rightmost stack element is executed (while leaving it on the stack), repeatedly until the program exits.

Although all the commands that can occur in literals have names, some of the commands that can appear as the result of unescaping don't. The usual convention I use for this on PPCG is to bold "active" commands (which do something interesting when executed), and leave "passive" commands (which just push an active command) unboldened. The four active commands that don't have names are then given the same name as the corresponding passive command, and thus I rely on the font to distinguish. 7's "stack" is a little strange, relying on separators | between elements (which are manipulated as though they were a character in the language).

||           1603    Initial stack and program; 6 is active, 103 are passive
|103                 Result after the program's initial run
|103         103     (implicit) Top stack element is copied to the program
|1031        03      1 appends 1 to the stack
716031       3       0 escapes the top stack element and removes the | before it
                     3 prints output, and exits if the stack is low

The output in this case is 716031. The first step in producing output is to check to see if it needs escaping (the algorithm for this is fairly complex, but typically boils down to making active commands passive, and enclosing passive sections in 7 … 6). In most of my 7 programs, it does (due to containing anonymous commands), but all the commands seen there have names (unsurprisingly, because we escaped it manually on the previous line), so no escaping is necessary. Next, the first character output in the entire program (here, 7) specifies the output format (7 means "the same as the input", so the output will be printed as a sequence of octal digits in ASCII). Finally, the remaining characters, 16031, will be printed directly (shown here without the bold because one they're printed, they aren't commands any more, just characters).

Interestingly, the victory condition is different from a code-golf, and that actually mattered. It's possible to write a smaller program that produces numerical output longer than itself: 163 outputs 71631 (basically because it doesn't escape explicitly, and implicit escaping by the 3 command always prepends a 7 to the output). However, in this case, although the program is shorter, the output is larger, so using a longer program gave a smaller score.

Answer 70

Common Lisp (GCL), 1586013445029888

(princ(exp 35))

Answer 71

Brachylog (2), 11111, language postdates challenge

1j₅w

Try it online!

Just makes five copies of 1 and prints them.

Answer 72

C, 1844674407370955161518446744073709551615 (40 digits)

main(){printf("%lu%1$lu",-1ul);}

Certainly not winning, but it's a fun challenge and this is a fun answer.

How it works:

• The printf format specifier %lu prints a long unsigned integer.
• The printf format specifier %1$lu prints the first long unsigned integer in printf's argument list.
• -1ul in printf's argument list is -1 cast to an unsigned long. Since the value is negative and the integer is unsigned, it turns into the maximum value an unsigned long can hold.

Answer 73

Whitespace, 11111111111111111111111111111111111111 (38 ones)

Visible representation:

SSTTSSTTSNNSSNSSSTNSNSTNSTTSSSSNSNTTN

What it does:

     push -38
loop:
     push 1
      dup
       pnum
      add
     dup
      jn loop

Surprisingly short for a whitespace program. Other considered approaches were pushing a big integer followed by a sequence of duplicate-multiply but this proved to be less efficient.

Answer 74

Brain-Flak, 106735757048926755512911448358783973263883108352

48 digits, 46 bytes.

(((()()()){})){({}[()]<(({({}[()])}{}){})>)}{}

Try it online! (but not really because it will error with a segment fault).

This uses the common triangular method, ({{}[()]}), but applies it recursively on the previous result. It starts with 6 as both the counter and the total and starts the loop, first decrementing the counter, then replacing the total with 2*triangle(total). Repeat a few times and it gets exponential, with each repetition roughly doubling the amount of digits.

Python code used to calculate the total:

def tri(t):
    return (t)*(t-1)/2

def f(n,t):
    for _ in range(n):
        t = tri(t)*2
    return t

print(len(str(int(f(6,6)))))

Try it online!

Answer 75

PHP, 10000000

10 million (8 digits) printed in 7 bytes:

<?=1e7;

Almost 2.5 years and I am the first to think of that? Amazing.

Answer 76

Perl 6, 10000000

1e7.say

Try it online!

I can't see any Perl6 solutions, so for completeness...

Answer 77

Z80Golf, 111111111 (8 bytes) 11111111 (7 bytes)

00000000: 3676 6636 3b3e 31                        6vf6;>1

Try it online!

Disassembly

start:
  ld (hl), $76 ; 36 76 ; overwrite the 1st byte of program to `halt`
  ld h, (hl)   ; 66    ; h = $76; hl = $7600
  ld (hl), $3b ; 36 3b ; write `dec sp` to memory $7600
  ld a, $31    ; 3e 31 ; a = '1'

The main point is what happens after the program runs through the code. Every time before reaching putchar, the PC hits dec sp at $7600. This means each run of putchar increases SP by 1 instead of 2. So the return addresses become the following:

$7600 -> $7676 -> $3666 -> $3b36 -> $3e3b -> $313e -> $0031 -> $0000

Note that, when the return address is $7676, dec sp is skipped. So the ASCII 1 is printed 8 times in total.

---

Previous solution, 111111111 (8 bytes)

00000000: 3e31 0609 ff10 fd76                      >1.....v

Try it online!

Disassembly

start:
  ld a,$31  ; 3e 31 ; a = '1'
  ld b,9    ; 06 09 ; b = 9
loop:
  rst $38   ; ff    ; equivalent to "call $8000" or "call putchar"
  djnz loop ; 10 fd ; b -= 1; if (b) goto loop
  halt      ; 76

Arguably less clever than Lynn's solution but still an improvement. This uses the instruction djnz which is similar to dec b then jr nz, label, but one byte shorter. If b is not touched before the loop, b starts with zero and the loop runs exactly 256 times.

Answer 78

Attache, 8 bytes

8^9|Echo

Try it online!

Outputs 134217728.

Answer 79

Keg -hr, 10

Try it online!

Explanation

\n  # Push the newline character onto the stack (Ord code 10)

-hr # Print the item raw (i.e. as a number)

Keg, 100

d.

Pushes d and prints as integer. Fortunately 100 is a letter in the Keg code page.

Output is 100.

Other solution just for fun and has a larger amplitude(also 2 bytes):

ā

Output is 257 TIO

Answer 80

naz, 100,000,000 11,111

1a5o

Explanation

1a5o # Output "1" five times

I slightly misunderstood the question at first — here's my original 8-byte solution:

1a1o1s8o

Answer 81

Burlesque, 1000 or 1111111

1e3
1cy7.+

Try it online!

First the boring method just printing 1000, or making an infinite number of 1s and clipping it to the length of the code+1.

Answer 82

F#, 10000000000000000000

Here's a pretty clever trick:

printf"%o"(1L<<<57)

Answer 83

Candy, 10

N

push the number 10 onto the stack. 10 is useful since it's ascii for \n

Candy dumps the stack on exit.

Answer 84

Bash, 100000000 (9 digits)

bc<<<A^8

Solution by @Digital Trauma ported to bash.

Answer 85

Pure bash, 1125899906842624 (2⁵⁰, 16 digits).

echo $((1<<50))

This is the best pure bash I've come up with, not depending on any special conditions or using external commands.

Bash + POSIX, 100000000: (10⁸, 9 digits)

bc<<<A^8   # bc with a here-string script that evaluates 10^8

Thanks to Digital Trauma's answer for bringing up bc and the fact that it accepts hex digits even with the default ibase=10. Glenn beat me to actually posting the bc-based answer, but I'll leave it in my answer as well for completeness.

---

I'm an infrequent golfer, so IDK if there are standard assumptions that rule this out, to avoid needing overly pedantic rules in every question:

Bash + rule-bending: 10737418240 (5 * 2³¹, 11 digits)

The question doesn't appear to rule out the the long number being be part of a longer string (e.g. part of an error message):

$((5<<31))          # prints "bash: 10737418240: command not found"

---

Bash assuming a 5-digit PID: a 10-digit number (PID repeated twice)

echo $$$$       # depends on the shell's current PID being a 5-digit number

Or repeating 3 times to still work with a 4-digit PID: a 12 or 15 digit number. (e.g. 573057305730: The shell's PID repeated 3 times).

echo $$$$$$     # depends on the shell's current PID being a 4-digit number

---

test framework for the number-generating expression:

e='$((5<<31))'; eval decimal=$e;  echo "$decimal: srclen=${#e}  digits=${#decimal}"

test framework for whole commands (works with methods other than the error-message hack.)

e='bc<<<A^8'; eval decimal=\"\$\($e\)\";  echo "$decimal: srclen=${#e}  digits=${#decimal}"

up-arrow and edit e to try different numbers.

---

Ideas that didn't work: (for readability, not fully golfed and in a (subshell) to avoid breaking your interactive shell when testing.)

(set {1..9}; IFS=; echo "$*" )   # $* in double quotes joins with no separator if IFS is null.  Too much setup overhead

You could play silly tricks to get $0 to contain a long number, but then you'd have to count the whole bash -c 'echo $0' $((10**7)) as part of the program.

Answer 86

ResPlicate, score 111111111

2 9 0 49

I was thinking of all kinds of complicated ways to do this, but it turns out the solution is very simple. After one step, you get:

0 49 0 49 0 49 0 49 0 49 0 49 0 49 0 49 0 49

which is just 9 commands to print ASCII number 49, so "111111111" is output.

Answer 87

C, score ~10^26 (100000000000000004764729344)

main(){printf("%f",1E26);}

Apparently float failes there a little. Tested there.

Answer 88

beeswax, 909090 823543

The new solution just computes 7^7, which is 85547 smaller than the old solution.

_7FB{

Explanation:

_       [0,0,0]•       create bee
 7      [0,0,7]•       push 7 on lstack
  F     [7,7,7]•       set all stack values to 1st value
   B    [7,7,823573]•  1st=1st^2nd
    {                  output lstack 1st to STDOUT

Answer 89

BotEngine, floor(10⁶⁵/9)

v
e1
ldddddd<
ldddddd<
ldddddd<
ldddddd<
ldddddd<
>ddddP

This is probably the largest number of d instructions I've ever used in a single BotEngine program.

Answer 90

x86 MS-DOS .COM file, score 111,111,111,111

Hex dump of the 11 byte .COM file (to reverse the hex dump, pass it into xxd -r -seek -256):

0100: b4 02 b2 31 b1 0c cd 21 e2 fc c3                   ...1...!...

Unassembled using debug:

0100 B402     MOV AH,02         ; prepare to print character to stdout
0102 B231     MOV DL,31         ; ASCII '1' to be printed
0104 B10C     MOV CL.0C         ; counter=12
0106 CD21     INT 21            ; print
0108 E2FC     LOOP 0106         ; repeat until counter is 0
010A C3       RET               ; end

Answer 91

Binary-Encoded Golfical, floor(10¹⁴/9)

Hexdump of binary encoding:

00 90 01 00 31 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 1D

Original image:

Magnified 80x, with color labels:

Explanation: Stores 49 (the code point of the digit 1), prints it as a character 7 times, then turns around and prints it seven more times before terminating.

Answer 92

ForceLang, 10¹³

io.write 1e13

Answer 93

Reng v.3.3, score 104976

Try it here!

I²²n~

Prints

104976

This squares I (18) twice, yielding 104976. n prints this, and ~ terminates.

Reng v.2.2, score 101010101010

{An}``````~

Previously, score 96549157373046880

Z{ZZ**}#xxxxxxn~

Prints 96549157373046880.

Answer 94

Cy, score 134217728

8 9 ^ :<

8 9 pushes a 9 and an 8 to the stack (duh), ^ computes 8 ^ 9 (exponent, not xor), :< prints it.

This was not intended to be a golfing language, but this answer ended up pretty short compared to "real" languages. I didn't even need exponential notation!

Answer 95

Google Sheets, 15625

=5^6

equals 15625

Answer 96

Python 3, 100000000000

One digit shorter than the current python 3

print(1e11)

prints 1*(10^11)

Answer 97

Jelly, score 100

³

Prints 100 when counting as 2 bytes in UTF-8.

Try it Online!

Answer 98

Charcoal (non-competing), 11111111

Ｆ⁸1

Try it online!

for(8)Print('1').

Charcoal could have done better (1111 score) if source was measured in Charcoal bytes.

Answer 99

Carrot, 11111

1^*4

1     //"1" is pushed into the stack
 ^    //The stack is finished
  *   //Multiply or duplicate string operator (in this case it is the latter)
   4  //Duplicate the string 5 times (4+1)

"1" is pushed into the stack. Then the * operator duplicates the string 5 times, not 4 times because the * operator on strings always duplicates the strings 1 time more than what is stated, because duplicating it once is meaningless and hence it is removed. So the program outputs 11111.

Answer 100

PHP, 9223372036854775807

I know they're not the shortest for PHP but..

9223372036854775807

<?=PHP_INT_MAX;

10000000000000000000

<?=str_pad(1,20,0);

Answer 101

Python 2, 1000000000

A simple program in a simple language. I have two answers depending on wether the python shell is permitted or not.

If it isn't, then:

print 1e9

Which is 9 bytes and outputs 1000000000, 10 bytes.

If it is, then:

1e3

Which is 3 bytes and outputs 1000, 4 bytes.

These ignore the .0 printed on the end of these numbers since the method returns a float and the question asks for an int.

Answer 102

DUP, 100100

'd$..

Put character d on stack, duplicate it, print its value twice.

Online DUP interpreter.

My Julia implementation on GitHub, with comprehensive language description.

Answer 103

tcl, 10000000000000000

puts [expr 1e16]

Outputs:

10000000000000000.0

The integer part is 1 and 16 zeros.

http://rextester.com/RWNL80143

Answer 104

SmileBASIC, 16713480 1111111 10000

?1E4

Boring.

Previous Answers: ?-#CYAN, ?"1"*7

Answer 105

Underload, score 100000100000

(100000):*S

Answer 106

Syms, 999980001 1111111 (noncompeting)

1:7;*>

Try it online!

Answer 107

Alice, 3628800 (10!)

a/P
o@

Try it online!

Explanation

a   Push 10.
/   Reflect to SE. Switch to Ordinal.
    Reflect off bottom right corner, move back NW.
/   Reflect to W. Switch to Cardinal.
a   Push 10.
    Wrap around to the end of the first line.
P   Compute 10! = 3628800.
/   Reflect to NW. Switch to Ordinal.
    Immediately reflect off top boundary, move SW.
o   Implicitly convert the result to a string and print it.
    Reflect off bottom left corner, move back NE.
/   Reflect to S. Switch to Cardinal.
@   Terminate the program.

Answer 108

Braingolf, 20

Oh hey look I can golf it now thanks to niladic stuff

+

Niladic + (ie run when the stack is empty) pushes 20 to the stack, implicit output.

Braingolf, 100

Just throwing in my 2 cents (or 2 bytes, as it were)

#d

Pushes the charcode of the character 'd' to the stack, which is 100. Braingolf will automatically print the last element of the stack when the code terminates if there is no semicolon present in the code.

Note:

As with every Braingolf submission thus-far on PPCG, this is non-competing, as the language was created on 3rd May 2017.

Answer 109

S.I.L.O.S, 28 byte, 111111111111111111111111111111 (29 ones)

x=29
lbla
print 1
x-1
if x a

Ugh! Looping is expensive!

Try it online!

Answer 110

Check, score 1000010000

Non-competing as language postdates the challenge.

>10000pp

Answer 111

Yabasic/QBasic/VBA, 10000 4 bytes

Takes no input and outputs 10000to the console.

?1E4

Try it online!

Answer 112

Java, 1e66

Shortest full program I could make:

interface A{static void main(String[]a){System.out.print(1e66);}}

With 65 bytes, this program outputs:

1e66

Try it online!

Answer 113

Röda, score 10,000,000,000,000 (10¹³)

main{[10^13]}

Try it online!

Röda statement, score 1,000,000 (10⁶)

[10^6]

The program is executed using this command (the flags are required to execute the program, so they are free):

röda -e "[10^6]" -n

Answer 114

Prolog(SWI), 1e+15

?-write(1e15).

Outputs (surprise surprise) 1.0e+15

Try it online!

Answer 115

Pyke, 1 byte

T

Try it here!

In Pyke, as well as in Pyth, T is a constant pre-initialised to 10.

Answer 116

Implicit, score 65

A

Pushes the ASCII value for A (65). Implicit output.

Answer 117

Commodore 64/VIC 20 BASIC, 5 PETSCII characters (excluding the carriage return)

 0?1E5

Some caveats here; firstly, Commodore BASIC adds in a white space before printing any number or numeric variable; secondly, there is no concept of true integer types in Commodore BASIC (I think that applies to all variants through to BASIC 7 on the Commodore 128); and finally LISTing the program will show its un-obfuscate form, and add in a white space after each line number, so the above symbolic listing becomes:

0 PRINT1E5

So, on that basis, it could be that this is automatically disqualified if these caveats are taken into account. Does my initial golfed version count as a valid entry?

Answer 118

Momema, score 10000000001000000000

01000000000-8*0-8*0

Explanation:

0  1000000000  #  [0] = 1000000000
-8 *0          #  print num [0]
-8 *0          #  print num [0]

Answer 119

Canvas, 10

Ａ

Try it here!

Ａ pushes 10 to the stack, then Canvas inplicitly prints the item at the top of the stack.

Answer 120

Pascal (FPC), 10^52 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 (~1.1e46)

var i:word;begin for i:=1to 46do write(1)end.

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Obvious one, I missed it somehow at first, thinking it would be bigger number.

---

Previous approach - 10^52 (10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000)

uses sysutils;begin write(1,Format('%.52D',[0]))end.

Try it online!

Format is a function in sysutils which gives a string from specified formatting string and array of arguments. Formatting string works pretty much like in C: % starts the part which will be replaced, D means integer in decimal format, .52 for D means the number will be written with at least 52 digits; since 0 has less than 52 digits, it is left-padded with zeroes. 1 is written before it to make a valid integer.

Answer 121

Rust, 10²⁸ 10000000000000000000000000000 (28 bytes)

fn main(){print!("{}",1e28)}

Try it online!

Answer 122

Runic Enchantments, 1000

aC@

Try it online!

Huh, another classic I apparently never answered.

Because the number must be strictly longer than the program (so a 3 byte program requires a 4 digit number), this is as small as we can go (but there are two ways to do it).

Answer 123

Shakespeare Programming Language, ~1.23e186

Prints 1234…95969798, the concatenation of all integers from 1 to 98.

,.Ajax,.Page,.Act I:.Scene I:.[Exeunt][Enter Ajax and Page]Page:You is the sum ofyou a cat.Open heart.Is you worse twice the square ofthe sum ofa big big big cat a pig?If soLet usAct I.

Try it online!

After many iterations, here is a version without any spare characters. The code is 186 characters, and the output is 187 characters.

Answer 124

Wren, 1e+24

Verbosity killed the wren. Calulates 10^24.

System.write(10.pow(24))

Try it online!

Answer 125

T-SQL, 100,000,000,000

SELECT 1e11

Note that the shorter PRINT 1e10 doesn't seem to work in this case; in the SQL versions I tested (2012 to 2017) it keeps the output in the exponential format (1e+010), which I assume isn't allowed.

Answer 126

W, 100

2^

Explanation

 ^ % 10 to the power of ...
2  % ... 2

Answer 127

Intcode, 100000000000000000000000000000000

2,7,7,7,4,7,99,10000000000000000

This is almost certainly sub-optimal, given all it does is square the number given at the end.

Answer 128

Python 2, 137438953472 (2^37)

print 2**37

Code is 11 bytes long, output is 12 bytes long.

Answer 129

x86-16, IBM PC DOS, 111,111,111

B8 0A31     MOV  AX, 0A31H  ; AH = 0AH (write chars * CL), AL = '1' 
B1 09       MOV  CL, 9      ; display 9 times  
CD 10       INT  10H        ; call BIOS 
C3          RET             ; return to DOS

This is based on @krubo's answer above, but 3 bytes shorter. This uses the PC BIOS's INT 10,0AH function for output since it will repeat the same char CL number of times, saving the need for a LOOP (-2 bytes). Also, AL and AH can be initialized at the same time (-1 byte).

Answer 130

Fortran (GFortran), 24 ones

print*,("1",i=1,23)
end

Try it online!

Better Fortran score by avoiding formats entirely.

Answer 131

Python 3, 1028071702528

print(52**7)

One byte longer than Python 2, but the same approach.

EDIT: turns out my search wasn't exhaustive enough -- thanks, Neil.

Answer 132

Mumps, score 100000

W 1e5

Writes 10^5, or 100000. Had the newline not been optional, that would have added 2 more characters to the program:

W 1e7,!  ; this would output 10000000

Now that I mention it... it would be interesting to see how much would change on some of the winning answers if an explicit newline was required - especially the 0 or 1 byte answers. :-)

Answer 133

Python 2, 111,111,111,111

Lower than the other python answers

print'1'*12

Answer 134

MSM, 10101010

.;.;.01

7 byes for an 8 byte output. Repeatedly duplicates and concatenenates starting with 10.

Answer 135

Visual Basic .NET, 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 (86 ones)

Module A
Sub Main
System.Console.Write(New System.String("1"C,86))
End Sub
End Module

Oh dear. (This is shorter than using a loop, unless there's some fast way to do that that I don't know about.)

Answer 136

k4, 10000

$ cat a.k; echo
_1e4
$ wc -c a.k
4 a.k
$ q a.k </dev/null
10000
$ 

The input file is missing its trailing newline, but that doesn't matter to the interpreter. The language's default behavior on reading code files is to print the output of any statement which is not explicitly suppressed, so all I have to do is create the number. Exponential notation creates floats though, so I have to floor it to create an integer, otherwise the output would be 10000f (the default representation of a float that has no fractional part).

Answer 137

dc, 117649

$ cat a.dc; echo
7 6^p
$ wc -c a.dc
5 a.dc
$ dc -f a.dc
117649
$ 

Inspired by WGroleau's comment on the question.

Answer 138

Fortran 77, 36 ones

^Iwrite(*,'(36i1)'),(1,i=1,36)
^Iend

(where ^I represents the TAB character.  This is the first Fortran
program I've written or have even seen that uses TABs)

FORTRAN IV, 54 ones

      PRINT1,(1,I=1,54)
    1 FORMAT(54I1)
      END

Both solutions write a newline after the number. Note that if you're using a line printer to look at the output, the first "1" will be interpreted as a page-feed and the numbers in the programs will need to be increased by 1, to 37 for Fortran 77 and to 55 for Fortran IV.

Answer 139

Insomnia, 129

i

Apart from i (105), r (115) or } (125) outputs the same result, since the position of the bit pointer doesn't matter when it's the last state-changing operation.

Answer 140

C, 1407260946921681491238744 (25 digits)

24 characters:

main(){printf("%lu%u");}

The output is nondeterministic (which may disqualify this submission). After a few million runs, I've only gotten 25 digit output. Some day I should figure out what GCC is (setting up a.out to be) sprinkling past the end of the stack for printf() to use here.

Answer 141

Ceylon, 111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 (42 digits)

This was my second try:

shared void run(){print("1".repeat(42));}

A program with length 41, prints a string of 42 ones.

---

My first, more complicated try printed 112589990684262411529215046068469761152921504606846976 (54 digits):

shared void run(){print("``2^50````2^60````2^60``");}

This program has a length of 53 bytes.

Ceylon integers go just up to right under 2^63, which gives us only 19 digits. Due to the boilerplate here we need to concatenate three of them, which is done by the use of string templates (the contents of `` ... `` inside a string literal are evaluated as an expression and then converted into a string). Then it was simply a point of looking up the powers of two with (relatively) smallest first digits (2^50 starts with 1125, 2^60 with 1152), such that the length of them sums to 54. I guess combining other powers might make the program slightly shorter, but this still will not beat the simple one above.

Answer 142

PHP, score 10,000,000,000

echo 1e10;

Assuming the opening/closing tags don't count, otherwise it's

<?=echo 1e13;

And if we allow non-PHP, we have <?=1e7 and 1e3 as options. Taking the first answer as the "most correct" of the four.

Answer 143

Pylons, 10

B

How it works:

B # Push B to the stack. (pre-initialized to 10)
  # The stack is implicitly printed at the end of the program.

Answer 144

PHP, 100 ones, 23 chars

<?=str_repeat("1",1E2);

Answer 145

Mathcad, 3 "bytes", 4 digits, 5040

Updated version. See text of Original version for suppression of decimal places discussion. As the original version, used one integer raised to power of another, I've also included what I think is the smallest number that meets the criterion.

---

Original (and wrong!) Version ...

Here's two Mathcad expressions (you may regard the "3" version as even more cheaty than the 8 version, hence my providing the two versions ...)

Mathcad doesn't have a "text" file as such. It operates more as a 2D whiteboard, where you can either type characters and operators onto a "worksheet", or enter them via a single-click toolbar. Mathcad stores the worksheet as an xml file. From a user perspective, however, typing "cat" counts as 3 distinct characters, which I'm taking to be the equivalent of "bytes" for the purposes of golfing; pi is single character as well. An operator, such as "=" (evaluate), "+" (add) or ":=" (define), also counts as a "byte".

There are also a number of settings, such as the number of decimal places shown displaying a real number, which are available from a dialog box. If, for example, setting the number of decimals to zero counts as a 0 "byte" operation, then π= is the shortest one I can think of. If this is regarded as cheating from a golfing perspective, then the exponent version should meet the spirit of the competition.

Answer 146

Oracle SQL 11.2, 30903154382632612361920641803529

SELECT''||POWER(9,33)FROM DUAL;

Answer 147

Desmos, 6561

9^4

equals 6561

previous answer, 1048576

2^{20}

equals 1048576

Answer 148

AWK, 1e21

I didn't see an AWK answer, so here's mine.

Since a 'full program' was requested, this is the best I could come up with (full program is a bit fuzzy in AWK).

awk '{$0=1e21}1'<<<1

If we don't consider how the program is called as part of the program, then the score could be dropped to about 1e13 using:

 '{$0=1e13}1'

Answer 149

Forth, 1073741824 (2^30)

1 30 << .

Try it online

If the result could be left on the stack:

100663296

96 20 <<

Answer 150

Turtlèd, 100000000000

11:[*'0l]'1

11- set register to 11

: move right by amount in register

[*'0l] loop: [* ]- while current cell is not *, '0- write zero to cell, l -move left

'1- write one

Answer 151

///, score 111111111111

/./111/....

Try it online!

/./111/ removes itself and replaces every . with 111, so .... becomes 111111111111.