Matacoan languages

Matacoan (also Mataguayan, Matákoan, Mataguayo, Mataco–Mataguayo, Matacoano, Matacoana) is a language family of northern Argentina, western Paraguay, and southeastern Bolivia.

Matákoan
Mataguayo
Geographic
distribution		Amazon
Linguistic classificationMataco–Guaicuru ?
  • Matákoan
Glottologmata1289[1]

Family division

Matacoan consists of four clusters of languages. Gordon (2005) in Ethnologue divides Wichí into three separate languages and Chorote into two languages.

  1. Wichí (also known as Mataco, Wichi, Wichí Lhamtés, Weenhayek, Noctenes, Matahuayo, Matako, Weʃwo. The name Mataco is common but pejorative.)
    1. Vejoz (also known as Vejo, Pilcomayo, Bermejo, Wichí Lhamtés Vejoz)
    2. Noktén (also known as Noctén, Wichí Lhamtés Nocten)
    3. Wiznay (also known as Güisnay, Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay)
    4. Matawayo (also known as Matahuayo).
  2. Chorote (also known as Chorotí, Yofúaha, Tsoloti)
    1. Manhui (also known as Manjuy, Iyo’wujwa Chorote)
    2. Eklenhui (also known as Eclenjuy, Eklehui, Iyojwa’ja Chorote, Chorote, Choroti).
  3. Nivaclé (also known as Chulupí–Ashlushlay, Chulupí, Ajlujlay, Alhulhai, Niwaklé, Niwaqli, Churupi, Chulupe. The name Chulupí is common but pejorative.)
    1. Forest Nivaclé
    2. River Nivaclé
  4. Maká (also known as Macá, Maca, Towolhi, Toothle, Nynaka, Mak’á, Enimaca, Enimaga)
    1. Ma’ká (also known as Towolhi)
    2. Enimaga (also known as Enimaa, Kochaboth)

Mason (1950)

Internal classification by Mason (1950):[2]

Mataco-Maca
  • Mataco
    • Mataco-Mataguayo
      • Mataco
        • Guisnay
        • Nocten (Octenai)
      • Mataguayo
        • Northern: Hueshuo, Pesatupe, Abucheta
        • Southern: Vejoz
    • Chorotí-Ashluslay
      • Chorotí (Yofuaha)
      • Ashluslay (Chulupí, Chonopí, Sukin, Sotiagay, Tapieté)
  • Macá (Enimagá, Cochaboth, Guaná, Lengua)
    • Enimagá
      • Macá (Towothli, Toosle)
    • Guentusé
    • Cochaboth-Lengua

Vocabulary

Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items for the Matacoan languages.[3]

glossChorotiChoropíSuhínSotsiagayAshlusláyMatacoVejozNoctenGuisnaiEnimagaMakká
head séteksatíkshutichshatishnu-xletékliteketekoːn-sletákin-hitla
tooth sá-huehuetseːutetsauteseuténo-tsoténo-chetezotéoːs-totéʔikon-xeti
water inátnaːʔateinaatinaːatinátinótguaginatinátgualéiwalü
fire houatitoxitoxitoxitóxitóxitagütaxetáxfeitfat
sun kilénʔkokláihankuklaifünchokʔlaaifingoklaixuálaixualaixualaixuálatátlaxunnu
moon hueläxuéklahiuerklaxiweklahuelaihuäläiguelachigueläivaʔedlaxuwãl
star katéskatéskatésskatískatäskatésketesfoʔoteki
dog nóonuuːxniuʔuxniuʔuxníusidnóxsignagesinaxatsünánunnax
jaguar ayäyaáxyáoxyáʔoxiyoxhaiyüxyageyaxharóxkometenax
black lämiklímklimlimpalüxpelagpeláxfo

Proto-language

For a reconstruction of Proto-Mataguayo by Viegas Barros (2002),[4] see the corresponding Spanish article.

References
  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Matacoan". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. Mason, John Alden (1950). "The languages of South America". In Steward, Julian (ed.). Handbook of South American Indians. 6. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office: Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 143. pp. 157–317.
  3. Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
  4. Viegas Barros, Pedro. 2002. Fonología del Proto-Mataguayo: Las fricativas dorsales. Mily Crevels, Simon van de Kerke, Sérgio Meira & Hein van der Voort (eds.), Current Studies on South American Languages [Indigenous Languages of Latin America, 3], p. 137-148. Leiden: Research School of Asian, African, and Amerindian Studies (CNWS).

Bibliography
  • Adelaar, Willem F. H.; & Muysken, Pieter C. (2004). The languages of the Andes. Cambridge language surveys. Cambridge University Press.
  • Campbell, Lyle. (1997). American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509427-1.
  • Fabre, Alain (2005) Los Mataguayo (Online version: http://www.ling.fi/Entradas%20diccionario/Dic=Mataguayo.pdf)
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