East Strickland languages

The East Strickland or Strickland River languages are a family of Papuan languages.

East Strickland
Strickland River
Geographic distribution	Strickland River region, Western Province and South Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea
Linguistic classification	Papuan Gulf ? Strickland East Strickland
Glottolog	east2433[1]
Map: The East Strickland languages of New Guinea   The East Strickland languages   Trans–New Guinea languages   Other Papuan languages   Austronesian languages   Uninhabited

Languages

The East Strickland languages actually form a language continuum.[2] Shaw (1986) recognizes six languages, which are:[3][4]

• Upper: Fembe (Agala), Konai
• Odoodee (Tomu)
• Central/Middle: Gobasi (Nomad), Kubo, Samo (Daba)

Gobasi, Odoodee and Samo, but especially Gobasi, are also known as "Nomad".

Pronouns

Pronouns are:

	sg	du	pl
1	*na, *ã	*o-li, *a-la	*oi
2	*nõ	*nĩ-le	*nĩ
3	*yõ	*i-le	*yã, *di

Evolution

Supposed East Strickland reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are:[2]

Samo language:

• (da)subu ‘ashes’ < *sumbu
• si- ‘burn’ < *nj(a,e,i)-
• na- ‘eat’ < *na-
• magara ‘mouth’ < *maŋgat[a]
• korofu ‘skin’ < *(ŋg,k)a(n,t)apu
• mere(ma) ‘tongue’ < *me(l,n)e
• mini ‘nose’ < *mundu

Bibo language:

• (da)suf ‘ashes’ < *sumbu

Agala language:

• fulu(ma) ali ‘to fly’ < *pululu-

References

1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "East Strickland". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
2. Pawley, Andrew; Hammarström, Harald (2018). "The Trans New Guinea family". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 21–196. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
3. Shaw, Daniel. 1986. The Bosavi language family. In Papers in New Guinea Linguistics 24, 45-76. Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. (Papers in New Guinea linguistics No. 24, 45-76).
4. (NewGuineaWorld)

• Ross, Malcolm (2005). "Pronouns as a preliminary diagnostic for grouping Papuan languages". In Andrew Pawley; Robert Attenborough; Robin Hide; Jack Golson (eds.). Papuan pasts: cultural, linguistic and biological histories of Papuan-speaking peoples. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. pp. 15–66. ISBN 0858835622. OCLC 67292782.