Wind power in Turkey


Wind power in Turkey is gradually expanding in capacity, mainly in the Aegean and Marmara regions. 20 TWh was generated in 2018[2] which was 7% of Turkey's electricity. By the end of 2018 Turkey had about 7 GW of installed capacity, with a techno-economic potential estimated at 38 GW onshore and 10 GW offshore.[3] The Energy Ministry plans to have another 10GW installed in the 2020s.[4]


Installed wind power capacity by province (As of August 1, 2016)[1]

  Balıkesir (18.2%)
  Izmir (17.2%)
  Manisa (10.7%)
  Hatay (7.1%)
  Çanakkale (6.1%)
  Osmaniye (4.7%)
  Aydın (4.0%)
  Istanbul (3.6%)
  Kayseri (3.6%)
  Kırşehir (3.0%)
  Other (21.8%)

History
Bozcaada Wind Farm, Çanakkale province

The first wind farm was built in Izmir in 1998.[1]

19 MW of wind power was installed by 2006, almost 140 MW by 2007, then 1,265 MW at the end of 2010 and 1,645 MW by 2011.

Current and planned capacity

As of 2018 total installed capacity was 7 GW and 20 TWh of electricity was generated that year. It is forecast to reach 8 GW during 2019[5] and the Energy Ministry and Energy Market Regulatory Authority (Turkish: Enerji Piyasası Denetleme Kurulu, EPDK) plan to have another 10GW installed in the 2020s.[4]

Project YEKA

In 2017, the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources launched a US$ 1 billion wind power investment project, and issued a request for tender. The project, titled YEKA (Turkish: Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynak Alanları or Renewable Energy Resource Areas), is for wind farms in five different regions in the country with a total power capacity of 1 GW and at least 3 TWh energy generated annually,[6] an extra 1% of electricity in Turkey.

The German-Turkish consortium of Siemens-Türkerler-Kalyon bid lowest at 0.0348 US$ per kWh. The consortium will carry out research and development, for ten years, on wind turbine blades, generator design, material technologies and production techniques, software and innovative gearboxes. The R&D activities will be performed by fifty technical personnel consisting of 80% domestic engineers, with a budget of US$ 5 million per year.[6]

In 2019 the second 1GW tender was won for 4 equal capacity projects in Balıkesir, Çanakkale, Aydın and Muğla. [7]

Economics and Finance

Turkey's feed-in tariff is fair[8] and is available for renewable energy facilities which became operational before the end of 2020.[9] In 2019 the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development invested 100 million USD in wind and solar power in Turkey.[10] As of 2017 auction prices are around US$0.035 per kWh.[11]

Statistics

As of 2018 installed capacity was 7,005 MW (7 GW) compared to 51 MW in 2006.

Wind farm annual electricity generation and percent of total consumption[1][12]
Year GWh%
1998
6
0.0050
1999
21
0.02
2000
33
0.03
2001
62
0.05
2002
48
0.04
2003
61
0.04
2004
58
0.04
2005
59
0.04
2006
127
0.07
2007
355
0.19
2008
847
0.43
2009
1,495
0.77
2010
2,916
1.39
2011
4,724
2.05
2012
5,861
2.42
2013
7,558
3.04
2014
8,367
3.25
2015
11,652
4.39
2016
15,370
5.59
2017
17,716
6.10
2018
19,949
6.54

See also

References
  1. "Rüzgar Enerji Santralleri" (in Turkish). Enerji Atlası. Retrieved 2017-08-04.
  2. "Wind". Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (Turkey). Retrieved 19 February 2019.
  3. "Turkish wind market grows 7 percent in 2018". Yeni Şafaf. 18 February 2019.
  4. "Opportunities to strengthen the YEKA auction model for enhancing the regulatory framework of Turkey's power system transformation" (PDF). Retrieved 19 February 2019.
  5. "Turkey's wind energy capacity to reach 8 GW in 2019". Daily Sabah. 4 January 2019.
  6. "YEKA ihalesi sonuçlandı! İşte kazanan grup". Hürriyet (in Turkish). 2017-08-03. Retrieved 2017-08-04.
  7. "Enercon, Enerjisa win 1-GW onshore wind tender in Turkey". Renewablesnow.com. Retrieved 2019-05-31.
  8. "The Current Situation of Wind Energy in Turkey". Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. "Energy pricing and non-market flows in Turkey's energy sector" (PDF). SHURA Energy Transition Center.
  10. "EBRD invests USD 100 million in renewable arm of Turkey's IC Holding". May 9, 2019.
  11. "Energy pricing and non-market flows in Turkey's energy sector" (PDF). SHURA Energy Transition Center.
  12. "TÜRKİYE ELEKTRİK ENERJİSİ İSTATİSTİKLER" (in Turkish). Elektrik Mühendisleri Odası. Retrieved 2018-08-06.
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