Typhoon Joan (1959)

Super Typhoon Joan was a Super typhoon hit Taiwan etc in 1959. Joan was the strongest typhoon of 1959 Pacific typhoon season.[1]

Super Typhoon Joan
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
track of Joan
FormedAugust 25, 1959
DissipatedAugust 31, 1959
Highest winds1-minute sustained: 315 km/h (195 mph)
Lowest pressure885 hPa (mbar); 26.13 inHg
Part of the 1959 Pacific typhoon season

Meteorological history

On August 25, Tropical Storm Joan formed in the open Western Pacific, and attained typhoon status early the next day. As Joan moved to the west-northwest, it continued to rapidly intensify, reaching Super Typhoon status on the 28th and peak winds of 195 mph (314 km/h) on the 29th. Such winds are dubious, due to the infancy of Reconnaissance Aircraft at the time and the lack of satellite images. Nevertheless, Joan was a powerful typhoon, and struck eastern Taiwan with estimated winds of 185 mph (298 km/h) on the 29th. It rapidly weakened while crossing the island and the Formosa Strait, and dissipated over China on the 31st.

Most intense Pacific typhoons
Typhoon Season Pressure
hPa inHg
1 Tip 1979 870 25.7
2 June 1975 875 25.8
Nora 1973
4 Forrest 1983 876[2] 25.9
5 Ida 1958 877 25.9
6 Kit 1966 880 26.0
Rita 1978
Vanessa 1984
9 Irma 1971 884 26.1
10 Nina 1953 885 26.1
Joan 1959
Megi 2010
Source:JMA Typhoon Best Track Analysis
Information for the North Western Pacific Ocean.[3]

Impact

Roughly 140,000 people were evacuated to safer buildings across Taiwan.[4] More than 33,000 people were evacuated to public buildings in Taipei, and more than 6,600 took shelter in Keelung.[5] Joan's approach disrupted international air traffic to the island for 36 hours.[4] According to data from the JTWC, Joan's sustained winds upon its Taiwan landfall were among the strongest in recorded history.[6] At least 11 people were killed by Joan in Taiwan, and another 74 people were injured.[4] The storm also destroyed 3,308 homes and caused $3 million in crop damage. The counties of Nantou and Pingtung bore the brunt of crop damage, with significant losses reported to banana, papaya, and rice. The loss of 20,000 banana trees in Nantou was valued at $555,000.[7] About 50,000 homes were evacuated in Fuzhou.[8] On Mainland China, there were 60 casualties, including 3 deaths.[7] Rainfall from Joan caused several rivers on the Korean peninsula to overflow their banks, killing 17 people and injuring 21. Another 7,000 people were rendered homeless.[9]

References
  1. "Typhoon Tip damage". solidarnoscelturow.pl. Retrieved 2020-08-11.
  2. "World Tropical Cyclone Records". World Meteorological Organization. Arizona State University. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
  3. Japan Meteorological Agency. "RSMC Best Track Data (Text)" (TXT).
  4. Kaff, Albert E. (August 31, 1959). "Typhoon Joan Hits Chinese Mainland". Tyler Morning Telegraph. 31 (289). Tyler, Texas. United Press International. p. 1. Retrieved April 28, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  5. "Typhoon Kills Six on Formosa". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. 48 (207). Honolulu, Hawaii. Associated Press. p. 2. Retrieved April 28, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. Masters, Jeff (January 9, 2020). "A Rogues' Gallery of the Five Category 5 Storms of 2019". Eye of the Storm. Scientific American. Retrieved April 28, 2020.
  7. Tilden, C. E. (1959). Hoffman, R. M (ed.). Annual typhoon report: 1959 (PDF) (Technical report). Fleet Weather Central/Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 2, 2010. Retrieved 4 August 2013.
  8. "China Coast Typhoon Toll Set at 2,334". Detroit Free Press. 129 (120). Detroit, Michigan. Associated Pres. September 1, 1959. p. 10. Retrieved April 28, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. "Typhoon Kills 17 in Central Korea". Ogden Standard-Examiner. 89 (226). Ogden, Utah. United Press International. September 2, 1959. p. 1. Retrieved April 28, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
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