Turner Broadcasting System

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. is an American television and media conglomerate, part of AT&T's WarnerMedia. Founded by Ted Turner and based in Atlanta, Georgia, it merged with Time Warner on October 10, 1996. Among its main properties were its namesake TBS, TNT, CNN, Turner Classic Movies (TCM), Cartoon Network and Adult Swim, and TruTV. It also licensed or had ownership interests in international versions of these properties. The headquarters of Turner's properties are located in both the CNN Center in Downtown Atlanta, and the Turner Broadcasting campus off Techwood Drive in Midtown Atlanta, which also houses Turner Studios.

This article is about the company. For the channel owned by this company, see TBS (American TV channel).

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc.
Subsidiary
Industry
FoundedMay 8, 1965 (1965-05-08)
FounderTed Turner
Headquarters
Atlanta, Georgia
,
U.S.
Key people
Brands
ParentWarnerMedia
DivisionsTurner Sports
Subsidiaries

The company was known for several pioneering innovations in U.S. multichannel television, including its satellite uplink of local Atlanta independent station WTCG channel 17 as one of the first national "superstations", and its establishment of CNN—the first 24-hour news channel.

On June 14, 2018, Time Warner was acquired by telecom firm AT&T and renamed WarnerMedia. On March 4, 2019, AT&T announced a major reorganization of WarnerMedia that effectively dissolves Turner as an operational business unit, by dispersing some of its properties into two new divisions — WarnerMedia Entertainment (consisting of Turner's entertainment cable channels and HBO, but excluding TCM) and WarnerMedia News & Sports (CNN, Turner Sports, and the AT&T SportsNet regional sports networks) — while transferring others to fellow WarnerMedia division Warner Bros. (Cartoon Network, Adult Swim, and TCM). The "Turner" corporate brand has also been phased out in relation to these networks. As of 2020, AT&T still reports the financial results for WarnerMedia's ad-supported cable networks under the Turner business unit.[2]

History
Former Turner Broadcasting System logo, used from 1979 until 2015

Early history

Turner Broadcasting System traces its roots to a billboard company in Savannah, Georgia purchased by Robert Edward Turner II in the late 1940s.[3] Turner grew the business, which later became known as Turner Advertising Company.[3] Robert Edward Turner's son, Ted Turner, inherited the company when the elder Turner died in 1963.[3] After taking over the company, Ted Turner expanded the business into radio and television.[3]

Turner Broadcasting System as a formal entity was incorporated in Georgia in May 1965.[4]

1970s

In 1970, Ted Turner purchased WJRJ-Atlanta, Channel 17, a small, Ultra High Frequency (UHF) station, and renamed it WTCG, for parent company Turner Communications Group.[5][6] During December 1976, WTCG originated the "superstation" concept, transmitting via satellite to cable systems.[5]

On December 17, 1976 at 1:00 pm, WTCG Channel 17's signal was beamed via satellite to its four cable systems in Grand Island, Nebraska; Newport News, Virginia; Troy, Alabama; and Newton, Kansas. All four cable systems started receiving the 1948 Dana Andrews - Cesar Romero film Deep Waters already in progress. The movie had started 30 minutes earlier. WTCG went from being a little television station to a major TV network that every one of the 24,000 households outside of the 675,000 in Atlanta was receiving coast-to-coast. WTCG became a so-called Superstation and created a precedent of today's basic cable television.

HBO had gone to satellite transmissions to distribute its signal nationally in 1975, but that was a service that cable subscribers were made to pay extra to receive. Ted Turner's innovation signaled the start of the basic cable revolution.

In 1979, the company changed its name to Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. (TBS, Inc.) and the call letters of its main entertainment channel to WTBS.

1980s

On June 1, 1980, Cable News Network (CNN) was launched at 5:00pm EDT becoming the first 24-hour news cable channel. The husband and wife team of Dave Walker and Lois Hart news anchored the first newscast, Burt Reinhardt the then executive vice president of CNN, hired most of the channel's first 200 employees & 25-member staff including Bernard Shaw, the network's first news anchor.

In 1981, Turner Broadcasting System acquired Brut Productions from Faberge Inc.[7]

In 1984, Turner initiated Cable Music Channel, his competition for WASEC's MTV. The channel was short-lived but helped influence the original format of VH1.

In 1986, after a failed attempt to acquire CBS, Turner purchased the film studio MGM/UA Entertainment Co. from Kirk Kerkorian for $1.5 billion. Following the acquisition, Turner had an enormous debt and sold parts of the acquisition. MGM/UA Entertainment was sold back to Kirk Kerkorian. The MGM/UA Studio lot in Culver City was sold to Lorimar/Telepictures. Turner kept MGM's pre-May 1986 film and TV library as well as the Associated Artists Productions library (the pre-1950[8][9] Warner Bros. film library and the Fleischer Studios/Famous Studios Popeye cartoons originally released by Paramount Pictures), and the U.S./Canadian distribution rights to the RKO Pictures library. Turner Entertainment Co. was founded on August 4, 1986.

Turner Program Services (“TPS”) a subsidiary under the Turner umbrella began domestic syndication of all of the properties acquired under the final disposition of the MGM deal with Kirkorian. TPS inherited over 5,000 program orders (executed, letters of intent) to have domestic syndication agreement prepared and sent to “formally” contractually license films for airing in domestic, free-over-the-air television stations throughout the U.S. The contractual “back-log” was caught up by the end of 1989, while still administering to the new & current, everyday needs of all domestic TV station's syndication needs.

In 1989, TBS Management Company under the leadership of Charles Shultz (Ted's first company controller at the original, small TV station), advanced the focus on the two (2) music performing rights subsidiaries; one with Broadcast Music, Inc (“BMI”) and ASCAP. In the space of 1989 to 1994, Turner went from 2 subsidiary music publishing companies to no less that sixteen (16).

On October 3, 1988, the company launched Turner Network Television (TNT).[10]

1990s

Turner expanded its presence in movie production and distribution, first with the 1991 purchase of the Hanna-Barbera animation studio during a competitive bid with MCA/Universal, Hallmark Cards, and several other corporations.[11] On December 22, 1993, Turner acquired Castle Rock Entertainment. Turner purchased New Line Cinema a month later.[12][13][14]

Turner launched Cartoon Network on October 1, 1992, followed by Turner Classic Movies (TCM) on April 14, 1994.

On October 10, 1996, Turner merged with Time Warner, a company formed in 1990[15] by the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications.[16] Through this merger, Warner Bros. had regained the rights to its pre-1950 library, while Turner gained access to the company's post-1950 library and other properties.

2000s

In 2003, Philip I. Kent succeeded Jamie Kellner as chairman. Operational duties for The WB were transferred by Time Warner from Warner Bros. to Turner Broadcasting during 2001, while Kellner was chairman, but were returned to Warner Bros. in 2003 with the departure of Kellner.

On February 23, 2006, the company agreed to sell the regional entertainment channel Turner South to Fox Entertainment Group.[17] Fox assumed control of the channel on May 1, and on October 13 relaunched it as SportSouth - coincidentally, the former name of Fox Sports South when Turner owned this channel in partnership with Liberty Media between 1990 and 1996.[18]

In May 2006, Time Warner, which had owned 50% of Court TV since 1998, purchased the remaining 50% from Liberty Media and began running the channel as part of Turner Broadcasting. The channel was relaunched as TruTV on January 1, 2008.

Also in May 2006, Ted Turner attended his last meeting as a board member of Time Warner and officially parted with the company.[19]

On October 5, 2007, Turner Broadcasting System completed the acquisition of Claxson Interactive Pay Television Networks in Latin America.[20]

2010s

On August 26, 2010, Turner Broadcasting took full control of Chilevisión, a TV channel owned by the President of Chile Sebastián Piñera.[21]

On September 8, 2011, Turner Broadcasting System acquired LazyTown Entertainment, the producer of the TV series LazyTown.[22]

On January 1, 2014, John K. Martin succeeded Phil Kent as chairman and CEO of Turner Broadcasting.[23]

In August 2014, The Wrap reported that Turner was preparing to offer buy-outs to 550 employees as part of plans to restructure the company heading into 2015. The ratings performance of CNN and HLN were cited as a factor, while CBSSports.com reported that the rising rights fees Turner pays for its NBA broadcasts on TNT may have also been a factor.[24][25] It was further reported in October 2014 that the company planned to reduce its workforce by 10% (1,475 people) through layoffs across a wide set of units including corporate positions.[26]

On August 14, 2015, it was announced that Turner Broadcasting had acquired a majority stake in iStreamPlanet, a Las Vegas-based video streaming services company, in an effort to bolster its over-the-top programming and shift its core technology infrastructure to the cloud. iStreamPlanet is a direct competitor of Major League Baseball Advanced Media. The deal was reported to be in the neighborhood of $200 million.[27] In October 2015, Turner launched a streaming-video network named Great Big Story.[28]

In April 2017, in order to expedite the sale of Time Warner to AT&T by shedding FCC-licensed properties, WPCH-TV was sold to Meredith Corporation, which had already been operating WPCH under a local marketing agreement since 2011 as a sister to its local CBS affiliate WGCL-TV.[29] Turner Podcast Network was formed within Turner Content Distribution in June 2017 with Tyler Moody being named general manager and vice president of the unit.[30]

On March 22, 2018, Six Flags and Riverside Group announced a partnership with Turner Asia Pacific to bring attractions based on Tuzki and other Turner-owned IPs to its theme parks in China.[31]

On June 15, 2018, it was announced that John Martin would be leaving as CEO following AT&T's completed acquisition of Time Warner.[32] By September, AT&T had transferred its Audience channel, a group of regional sports networks plus stakes in Game Show Network and MLB Network to Turner from AT&T Communications.[33]

In December 2018, Turner Broadcasting sold the rights to the brand and its pre-2008 original programming library of defunct cable network Court TV (which relaunched as truTV in 2008) to Katz Broadcasting, with plans to re-launch it as an over-the-air digital network in May 2019.[34][35]

On March 4, 2019, AT&T announced a major reorganization of its broadcasting assets to effectively dissolve Turner Broadcasting System. Its assets are to be dispersed across multiple units of WarnerMedia, including the newly created WarnerMedia Entertainment and WarnerMedia News & Sports. WarnerMedia Entertainment would consist of HBO, TBS, TNT, TruTV, and an upcoming direct-to-consumer video service (led by former NBC entertainment chief Robert Greenblatt), while WarnerMedia News & Sports would consist of CNN, Turner Sports, and the AT&T SportsNet regional networks (which would be led by CNN Worldwide president Jeff Zucker). Cartoon Network, Adult Swim, Boomerang, and Turner Classic Movies would be moved under Warner Bros. Entertainment via the new "Global Kids & Young Adults" business unit.[36][37] Although AT&T did not specify any timetable for the changes, WarnerMedia had already begun to remove references to Turner Broadcasting in corporate communications, with press releases referring to its networks as being "divisions of WarnerMedia".[38]

Properties

U.S. domestic

International

Latin America
The channels in Latin America are controlled by Turner Broadcasting System Latin America, headquartered in Atlanta. It broadcasts Latin American versions of U.S. channels, and also channels that are exclusive for the region. TBS LA also handles advertising sales for Warner TV (owned by fellow WarnerMedia division Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc.) and for the Brazilian action sports channel Woohoo.

News and Information

Indian

Kids and Teens

Lifestyle

  • Glitz* (Latin America)
  • TruTV Latin America (Also in High Definition)
    • TruTV Pan-regional
    • TruTV Brasil
  • TruTV
  • TABI Channel (Japan)
  • Tabi Tele (Japan)
  • MONDO TV (Japan)
  • Mondo Mah-jong TV (Japan)

Music

Movies & Entertainment

  • TNT (Also in High Definition)
    • TNT México
    • TNT Brasil
    • TNT Argentina (Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay)
    • TNT Chile (Chile,Bolivia,Venezuela,Peru,Ecuador)
    • TNT Colombia
    • TNT Panama (Central America and Caribbean)
  • TNT Series (Latin America, HD and SD)
  • TNT Africa
  • TNT Polska
  • TNT România
  • TNT Spain
  • TNT Comedy (Germany, previously Glitz* and TNT Comedy)
  • TNT Serie (Germany)
  • TNT Film (Germany)
  • TNT Nordic
  • I-SAT (Latin America)
    • I-SAT Pan-regional
    • I-SAT Argentina
    • I-SAT Brasil
  • Space (Latin America, Also in High Definition)
    • Space Pan-regional
    • Space Argentina
    • Space Brasil
  • TCM (Latin America)
    • TCM Pan-regional
    • TCM Argentina
    • TCM Brazil
  • Turner Classic Movies UK (HD and SD)
  • Turner Classic Movies Middle East
  • Turner Classic Movies Africa
  • TCM Spain (HD and SD)
  • TCM Cinema (France) (HD and SD)
  • TBS (Latin America)
    • TBS Pan-regional
    • TBS Argentina
    • TBS Brazil
  • Warner TV South East Asia (HD and SD)
  • Warner TV India (HD and SD)
  • Warner TV Latin America (Also in High Definition)
    • Warner Mexico
    • Warner Brazil
    • Warner Argentina (Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay)
    • Warner Chile
    • Warner Pan America (South and Central America)
    • Warner Colombia

Sports

Chinese

Other regions

Regional News

  • CNN IBN, a joint-venture between Turner, TV18 and Global Broadcast News that is only aired in India.
  • CNN Türk, owned by Doğan Medya Grubu that is only aired in Turkey.

Entertainment

  • CETV (36%, joint venture with TOM Group)
  • QTV (50%, joint venture with IS Plus, an affiliate of JoongAng Ilbo) (South Korea)
  • Showtime Scandinavia through Turner NonStop Television in the Scandinavian countries.
  • Silver (TV channel), independent and international movies, through Turner NonStop Television in the Scandinavian countries.
  • Star, showbiz news programming, through Turner NonStop Television in the Scandinavian countries.

Animation

  • Boomerang UK, various Boomerang channels around Europe
  • Boing (Italy) (Mediaset 51% and Turner 49%)
  • Boing (France)
  • Boing (Africa)
  • Boing (Spain) (Mediaset 50% and Turner 50%)

Movies

Former assets

Note: (*) - Now owned or absorbed by sister company, Warner Bros.

References
  1. Stelter, Brian (15 June 2018). "Time Warner's new name: WarnerMedia". CNNMoney. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  2. "AT&T 2020 1Q 10-Q filing". Securities and Exchange Commission. 5 May 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
  3. Turner, Ted (2008). Call Me Ted. New York: Grand Central Publishing. ISBN 978-0-446-58189-9.
  4. "Turner Broadcasting System, Inc". Georgia Corporations Division. Georgia Secretary of State. Archived from the original on 13 February 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
  5. "Ted Turner's Former Superstation TBS Has Been Sold". adweek.it. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  6. Wu, Tim (11 November 2010). "Ted Turner, the Alexander the Great of Television". Slate Magazine. Archived from the original on 12 April 2019. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  7. "Faberge Sells Brut's Assets". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. 1 January 1982. Archived from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  8. You Must Remember This: The Warner Bros. Story, (2008) p. 255.
  9. "Media History Digital Library". Archived from the original on 25 March 2019. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  10. Brennan, James E. (2 October 1988). "NEW TNT CHANNEL BEGINS MONDAY ON CABLE SYSTEMS". The Buffalo News. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  11. Lippman, John (30 October 1991). "Turner Is Buying Hanna-Barbera Film Library". Los Angeles Times. Times Mirror Company. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 8 September 2010.
  12. Harris, Kathryn (7 August 1993). "New Line Cinema holding merger talks with Turner". Archived from the original on 24 March 2013. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
  13. Citron, Alan (18 August 1993). "Turner gets nod to buy New Line and Castle Rock". Archived from the original on 24 March 2013. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
  14. "Turner Broadcasting Company Report". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, D.C. Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
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  16. "Time-TBS merger closed - Oct. 10, 1996". CNNMoney. Time Warner. CNN. 10 October 1996. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  17. Becker, Anne. "Time Warner Sells Turner South to Fox". Broadcasting & Cable. Reed Business Information. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  18. Grossman, Ben. "Turner South To Become SportSouth". Broadcasting & Cable. Reed Business Information. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
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  20. "Claxson Interactive Group Inc (XSONF.PK)". Reuters. Archived from the original on 15 April 2016. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
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  22. Turner, Mimi (8 September 2011). "'Lazytown' Founder Sells To Turner Broadcasting For $25 Million". The Hollywood Reporter. Prometheus Global Media. Archived from the original on 31 October 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  23. "Turner". John Martin Bio. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  24. "550 Buyouts, Layoffs Imminent at Turner; HLN, CNN Among Cuts (Exclusive)". The Wrap. The Wrap News Inc. 19 August 2014. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
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