Textual variants in the First Epistle to the Corinthians

Textual variants in the First Epistle to the Corinthians are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

The first page of 1 Corinthians in Minuscule 223 (14th century)

Most of the variations are not significant and some common alterations include the deletion, rearrangement, repetition, or replacement of one or more words when the copyist's eye returns to a similar word in the wrong location of the original text. If their eye skips to an earlier word, they may create a repetition (error of dittography). If their eye skips to a later word, they may create an omission. They may resort to performing a rearranging of words to retain the overall meaning without compromising the context. In other instances, the copyist may add text from memory from a similar or parallel text in another location. Otherwise, they may also replace some text of the original with an alternative reading. Spellings occasionally change. Synonyms may be substituted. A pronoun may be changed into a proper noun (such as "he said" becoming "Jesus said"). John Mill's 1707 Greek New Testament was estimated to contain some 30,000 variants in its accompanying textual apparatus[1] which was based on "nearly 100 [Greek] manuscripts."[2] Peter J. Gurry puts the number of non-spelling variants among New Testament manuscripts around 500,000, though he acknowledges his estimate is higher than all previous ones.[3]

Legend

A guide to the symbols used in the body of this article.

number beginning with "0": uncial
number not beginning with "0": minuscule
Byz: Byzantine text-type
cop: Coptic versions
eth: Ethiopian versions
ƒ: Family
geo: Georgian versions
it: Itala (Old Latin/Vetus Latina)
lat: Vulgate and some Itala versions
𝔐: Majority Text
mss: manuscripts
${\mathfrak {P}}$ : papyrus
ℓ or Lect.: lectionary
rell: reliqui; "all other manuscripts"
slav: Slavic versions
syr: Syriac versions
TR: Textus Receptus
vg: Vulgate

Notable manuscripts

א: Codex Sinaiticus (01)
A: Codex Alexandrinus (02)
B: Codex Vaticanus (03)
C: Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (04)
D^p (D): Codex Claromontanus (06)
F^p (F): Codex Augiensis (010)
G^p (G): Codex Boernerianus (012)
K^ap (K): Codex Mosquensis I (018)
L^ap (L): Codex Angelicus (020)
P^apr (P): Codex Porphyrianus (025)
Ψ: Codex Athous Lavrensis (044)
g¹: Codex Sangermanensis I

Notable textual variants

Codex Amiatinus (~700 CE) with text of 1 Corinthians 1:1-21

1 Corinthians 1:8

ημερα – majority

παρουσια – D F G

1 Corinthians 2:1

μυστηριον –

{\mathfrak {P}}

⁴⁶, א, Α, C, 88, 436, it^a,r, syr^p, cop^bo

μαρτυριον – B D G P Ψ 33 81 104 181 326 330 451 614 629 630 1241 1739 1877 1881 1962 1984 2127 2492 2495 Byz Lect it vg syr^h cop^sa arm eth

ευαγγελιον – Theodoret

σωτηριον – 489, ℓ 598^pt, ℓ 599

1 Corinthians 2:4

πειθοις σοφιας λογοις (plausible words of wisdom) – (א λογος) B (D^gr 33 πιθοις) D^c 181 1739 1877 1881 it^r1 vg^ww eth

πειθοις σοφιας (plausible wisdom) –

{\mathfrak {P}}

⁴⁶ G^gr

πειθοι σοφιας (plausible wisdom) – 35 it^f,g

πειθοις ανθρωπινης σοφιας λογοις – C Ψ (A P 326 330 πιθοις) 81 88 104 436 451 614 629 1241 1984 2127 2492 Byz vg^cl syr^h cop^bo

πειθοις ανθρωπινης σοφιας – 630

πειθοις ανθρωπινης σοφιας και λογοις – 131

1 Corinthians 2:14

του θεου –

{\mathfrak {P}}

¹¹,

{\mathfrak {P}}

⁴⁶, א, A, B, C, D, G, P, Ψ, 33, 81, 88, 104, 181, 326, 436, 614, 629, 630, 1241, 1739, 1877, 1881, 1962, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect, it, vg, syr^h, cop, arm

αγιου – eth

omitted by 2 216 255 330 440 451 823 1827 syr^p

1 Corinthians 3:3

ἔρις –

{\mathfrak {P}}

¹¹, א, B, C, P, Ψ, 81, 181, 630, 1739, 1877, 1881, it, vg

ἔρεις – A

ἔρις διχοστασία – 623, Chrysostom

ἔρις καί διχοστασίαι –

{\mathfrak {P}}

⁴⁶, D, 33, 88, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 629, 1241, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect

ἔρις καί ἀρχοστασία – 1962

ἔρεις καί διχοστασίαι – G^a

1 Corinthians 3:4

ουκ ανθρωποι –

{\mathfrak {P}}

⁴⁶, Sinaiticus, Alexandrinus, Vaticanus, Ephraemi, 33, 81, 1175, 1506, 1739, 1881;

ουχι σαρκικοι – Sinaiticus², Ψ, and the Byzantine manuscripts read;

ουχι ανθρωποι – D F G 629;[4]

1 Corinthians 5:5

κυρίου –

{\mathfrak {P}}

⁴⁶, B, 630, 1739, Marcion , Tertulian, Origen

κυρίου Ἰησοῦ – א, Ψ, 81, 181, 326, 614, 1877, 1985, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect

κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ – D, 1984

Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ – 629

κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ – 048, cop^bo, eth

κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ – A, G, P, 33, 88, 104, 330, 436, 451, 629, 241, 1881, 1962, 2127, it, vg, syr^{p, h}, cop^{sa, bo}, arm, Origen

1 Corinthians 7:5

τη προσευχη (prayer) –

{\mathfrak {P}}

¹¹,

{\mathfrak {P}}

⁴⁶, א*, A, B, C, D, F, G, P, Ψ, 33, 81, 104, 181, 629, 630, 1739, 1877, 1881, 1962, it vg, cop, arm, eth

τη νηστεια και τη προσευχη (fasting and prayer) – א^c, K, L, 88, 326, 436, 614, 1241, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect, syr^p,h, goth

τη προσευχη και νηστεια (prayer and fasting) – 330, 451, John of Damascus

1 Corinthians 7:14

αδελφω –

{\mathfrak {P}}

⁴⁶, א*, A, B, C, D, F, G, P, Ψ, 33, 181, 1739, 1877, 1962, d, e, f, g, cop

ανδρι – א^c, D^c, K, L, 81, 88, 104, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 630, 1241, 1881, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect, syr^h, goth, arm, eth

ανδρι τω πιστω – 629 it

1 Corinthians 9:20

μη ων αυτος υπο νομον (being not himself under the law) – omitted by D² K (L) Ψ 81 88 326 330 424 451 460 614 629^c 1241 1518 1852 1881 1984 1985 2138 2464 2492 Byz Lect syr^p eth geo slav Origen^pt Nestorius Theodoret

1 Corinthians 10:9

Χριστον –

{\mathfrak {P}}

⁴⁶ D G K Ψ 88 330 451 614 629 630 1241 1739 1881 1984 2492 2495 Byz Lect

κυριον – א, B, C, P, 33, 104, 181, 326, 436, 1877, 2127

θεον – A, 81

omit by 1985

1 Corinthians 11:24

υμων –

{\mathfrak {P}}

⁴⁶, א*, A, B, C*, 33, 1739, arm

υμων κλωμενον – א^c, C³, D^b,c, G, K, Ψ, 81, 88, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 629, 630, 1241, 1739^mg, 1877, 1881, 1962, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect

υμων θρυπτομενον – D^gr

υμων διδομενον – c, dem, f, t, x, z^c, vg (tradetur), cop, eth

1 Corinthians 12:9

χαρισματα ιαματων εν τω ενι πνευματι – A B 33 81 104 436 630 1881 it vg

χαρισματα ιαματων εν πνευματι – 1739

χαρισματα ιαματων εν τω αυτω πνευματι – א C³ D G K P 0201 88 181 330 451 614 629 1241 1877 1962 1984 1985 2127 2492 2495 Byz Lect

χαρισματα ιαματων εν τω πνευματι –

{\mathfrak {P}}

⁴⁶

χαρισματα ιαματων – C

χαρισματα – Ψ

1 Corinthians 14:31-34 from

{\mathfrak {P}}

¹²³

1 Corinthians 14:40

verses 14:34-35 included after 14:40 – D F G 88[5]

1 Corinthians 15:3

ὃ καὶ παρέλαβον (I received) – omitted by b, Ambrosiaster, Irenaeus^lat, Tertullian?

1 Corinthians 15:15

εἴπερ ἄρα νεκροὶ οὐκ ἐγείρονται (if in fact the dead do not rise) – omitted by D, a, b, r, bam, ful**, harl*, kar, mon, reg, val*, pesh, Ambrosiaster, Irenaeus (lat), Tertullian?

1 Corinthians 15:47

δευτερος ανθρωπος – א*, B, C, D, F, G, 0243, 33, 1739, it, vg, cop^bo eth

δευτερος ο κυριος – 630

δευτερος ανθρωπος ο κυριος – א^c, A, D^c, K, P, Ψ, 81, 104, 181, 326, 330, 436, 451, 614, 629, 1241, 1739^mg, 1877, 1881, 1984, 1985, 2127, 2492, 2495, Byz, Lect

δευτερος ανθρωπος πνευματικος –

{\mathfrak {P}}

⁴⁶

δευτερος – cop^sa Cyril

1 Corinthians 16:15

οικιαν Στεφανα –

{\mathfrak {P}}

⁴⁶ א* A B C² Ψ 075 Byz cop

οικιαν Στεφανα και Φορτουνατου – א ² D 104 629 1175 1241 2464 pc b vgst cop^bo

οικιαν Στεφανα και Φορτουνατου και Αχαικου – C*^vid F G 365 2495 pc vg^cl syr^h

References

Adam Fox, John Mill and Richard Bentley: A Study of the Textual Criticism of the New Testament 1675–1729 (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1954), pp. 105–115; John Mill, Novum Testamentum Graecum, cum lectionibus variantibus MSS (Oxford 1707)
Metzger and Ehrman (2005), p.154
Peter J. Gurry, "The Number of Variants in the Greek New Testament: A Proposed Estimate" New Testament Studies 62.1 (2016), p. 113
NA26, p. 444
Daniel B. Wallace (1998). "The Textual Problem of 1 Corinthians 14:34-35". Biblical Studies Press. Retrieved 22 March 2013.

External links

The Comparative Critical Greek New Testament
Variantes textuais (in Portuguese)
Varianten Textus receptus versus Nestle-Aland

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[1] Adam Fox, John Mill and Richard Bentley: A Study of the Textual Criticism of the New Testament 1675–1729 (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1954), pp. 105–115; John Mill, Novum Testamentum Graecum, cum lectionibus variantibus MSS (Oxford 1707)

[2] Metzger and Ehrman (2005), p.154

[3] Peter J. Gurry, "The Number of Variants in the Greek New Testament: A Proposed Estimate" New Testament Studies 62.1 (2016), p. 113

[4] NA26, p. 444

[5] Daniel B. Wallace (1998). "The Textual Problem of 1 Corinthians 14:34-35". Biblical Studies Press. Retrieved 22 March 2013.