Tennessee's 9th congressional district

Tennessee's 9th congressional district
	Tennessee's 9th congressional district since January 3, 2013
	Steve Cohen; D–Memphis
Distribution	98.54% urban[1]; 1.46% rural;
Population (2016)	704,328[2]
Median income	$40,491[3]
Ethnicity	66.15% black; 25.84% white; 7.38% Hispanic; 1.7% Asian; 0.31% Native American;
Cook PVI	D+28[4]

Tennessee's 9th congressional district is a congressional district in West Tennessee. It has been represented by Democrat Steve Cohen since 2007.

Current Boundaries

The district is located entirely within Shelby County, where the city of Memphis is located.

It begins north on the border with Tipton County and encompasses most of Millington. It then travels south to the district's anchor city of Memphis. Nearly all of Memphis is in the 9th, although some of its city limits spill over into the 8th. The district then juts out east to capture Cordova, but mostly avoids Bartlett and Germantown.

The district is bounded on the west and south by Arkansas and Mississippi respectively.

Characteristics

The district is almost exclusively urban, due to its mostly cohabitant nature with Memphis.

Memphis is recognized worldwide for being the hub for FedEx. Largely due to FedEx's presence, Memphis International Airport boasts handles more cargo than any other airport in the country. Memphis is also known for blues music, Beale Street, and barbecue.

It is the only majority minority congressional district in Tennessee.

Politically speaking, it is considered a very safe area for Democrats. Since 1875, the area has sent mostly Democrats to Congress with the exception of a brief period from 1967 to 1974 when it was represented by Republican Dan Kuykendall.

Election results from presidential races

Year	Office	Result
2000	President	Al Gore 63% - George W. Bush 36%
2004	President	John Kerry 70% - George W. Bush 30%
2008	President	Barack Obama 77% - John McCain 22.5%
2012	President	Barack Obama 78.4% - Mitt Romney 21%
2016	President	Hillary Clinton 77.5% - Donald Trump 19.8%

History

Arguably, the district's current characteristics began to take shape in 1925- the first year a congressional district consisted exclusively of Shelby County.

A congressional district was perfectly coextensive with Shelby County from 1925 until 1966, when the Supreme Court case Baker v. Carr took effect. In that ruling, the court laid out a "one man, one vote" standard. Prior to 1966, the 9th was nearly ten times larger in population than the nearby 7th and 8th.

1967 was the first year where the district was merely a fraction of Shelby County rather than the county's entirety. In that election, the district chose former US Senate Republican nominee Dan Kuykendall.

In 1974, in the midst of Watergate, Kuykendall supported Nixon throughout the scandal. He was subsequently defeated in election by Democrat Harold Ford Sr., whose family had strong political ties in Memphis dating back to at least the 1920s.

The district has swung Democrat in every congressional race since 1974.

Ford served in Congress for 22 years, when he was replaced by his son - Harold Ford, Jr. - in 1997. The younger Ford served for ten years, until he mounted an unsuccessful bid for US Senate.

Concurrent to Ford's senate bid, the district chose state senator Steve Cohen over Ford's brother Jake.[5] Cohen is noted for being Tennessee's first Jewish congressman, and for being a white congressman in a majority minority district. As of 2019, Cohen has been elected seven times for a little over fourteen years in Congress.

List of members representing the district

Name	Party	Years	Cong ress	Electoral history
District created March 4, 1823
Adam R. Alexander	Jackson Democratic-Republican	March 4, 1823 – March 3, 1825	18th 19th	Elected in 1823. Re-elected in 1825. [data unknown/missing]
Adam R. Alexander	Jacksonian	March 4, 1825 – March 3, 1827	18th 19th
Davy Crockett	Jacksonian	March 4, 1827 – March 3, 1829	20th 21st	Elected in 1827. Re-elected in 1829. [data unknown/missing]
Davy Crockett	Anti-Jacksonian	March 4, 1829 – March 3, 1831	20th 21st
William Fitzgerald	Jacksonian	March 4, 1831 – March 3, 1833	22nd	[data unknown/missing]
James K. Polk	Jacksonian	March 4, 1833 – March 3, 1837	23rd 24th 25th	Redistricted from the 6th district. [data unknown/missing]
James K. Polk	Democratic	March 4, 1837 – March 3, 1839	23rd 24th 25th
Harvey M. Watterson	Democratic	March 4, 1839 – March 3, 1843	26th 27th	[data unknown/missing]
Cave Johnson	Democratic	March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845	28th	Redistricted from the 11th district. [data unknown/missing]
Lucien B. Chase	Democratic	March 4, 1845 – March 3, 1849	29th 30th	[data unknown/missing]
Isham G. Harris	Democratic	March 4, 1849 – March 3, 1853	31st 32nd	[data unknown/missing]
Emerson Etheridge	Whig	March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855	33rd 34th	[data unknown/missing]
Emerson Etheridge	Know Nothing	March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857	33rd 34th	[data unknown/missing]
John D. C. Atkins	Democratic	March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1859	35th	[data unknown/missing]
Emerson Etheridge	Opposition	March 4, 1859 – March 3, 1861	36th	[data unknown/missing] Retired.
Vacant		March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1863		American Civil War: No members elected
District eliminated March 4, 1863
District re-established March 4, 1873
Barbour Lewis	Republican	March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1875	43rd	[data unknown/missing]
William P. Caldwell	Democratic	March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1879	44th 45th	[data unknown/missing]
Charles B. Simonton	Democratic	March 4, 1879 – March 3, 1883	46th 47th	[data unknown/missing]
Rice A. Pierce	Democratic	March 4, 1883 – March 3, 1885	48th	[data unknown/missing]
Presley T. Glass	Democratic	March 4, 1885 – March 3, 1889	49th 50th	[data unknown/missing]
Rice A. Pierce	Democratic	March 4, 1889 – March 3, 1893	51st 52nd	[data unknown/missing]
James C. McDearmon	Democratic	March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1897	53rd 54th	[data unknown/missing]
Rice A. Pierce	Democratic	March 4, 1897 – March 3, 1905	55th 56th 57th 58th	[data unknown/missing]
Finis J. Garrett	Democratic	March 4, 1905 – March 3, 1929	59th 60th 61st 62nd 63rd 64th 65th 66th 67th 68th 69th 70th	[data unknown/missing]
Jere Cooper	Democratic	March 4, 1929 – March 3, 1933	71st 72nd	[data unknown/missing] Redistricted to the 8th district.
E.H. Crump	Democratic	March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935	73rd	Redistricted from the 10th district. [data unknown/missing]
Clift Chandler	Democratic	January 3, 1935 – January 2, 1940	74th 75th 76th	[data unknown/missing] Resigned when elected Mayor of Memphis
Clifford Davis	Democratic	February 14, 1940 – January 3, 1943	76th 77th	[data unknown/missing] Redistricted to the 10th district.
Jere Cooper	Democratic	January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1953	78th 79th 80th 81st 82nd	Redistricted from the 8th district. Redistricted to the 8th district.
Clifford Davis	Democratic	January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1965	83rd 84th 85th 86th 87th 88th	Redistricted from the 10th district. [data unknown/missing]
George Grider	Democratic	January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1967	89th	[data unknown/missing]
Dan Kuykendall	Republican	January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1973	90th 91st 92nd	[data unknown/missing] Redistricted to the 8th district.
District eliminated January 3, 1973
District re-established January 3, 1983
Harold E. Ford	Democratic	January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1997	98th 99th 100th 101st 102nd 103rd 104th	Redistricted from the 8th district. [data unknown/missing]
Harold E. Ford Jr.	Democratic	January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2007	105th 106th 107th 108th 109th	[data unknown/missing]
Steve Cohen	Democratic	January 3, 2007 – present	110th 111th 112th 113th 114th 115th 116th	Elected in 2006.

Historical district boundaries

2003 - 2013

References

Geography, US Census Bureau. "Congressional Districts Relationship Files (state-based)". www.census.gov.
Bureau, Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov.
https://www.census.gov/mycd/?st=47&cd=09
"Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2006/pages/results/states/TN/H/09/index.html

Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present

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[1] Geography, US Census Bureau. "Congressional Districts Relationship Files (state-based)". www.census.gov.

[2] Bureau, Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov.

[3] ttps://www.census.gov/mycd/?st=47&cd=09

[Cook-4] "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.

[5] ttp://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2006/pages/results/states/TN/H/09/index.html