Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters

Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters (PTC) is one of the oldest existing roller coaster manufacturing companies in the world. Based in Hatfield, Pennsylvania, it was established in 1904 by Henry Auchey and Chester Albright under the name Philadelphia Toboggan Company. The company manufactured carousels, wooden roller coasters, toboggans (roller coaster cars) and later, roller coaster trains.

Philadelphia Toboggan Company, Inc.

Type	Private
Industry	Manufacturing
Founded	1904 (1904)
Headquarters	Hatfield, Pennsylvania , United States
Area served	Worldwide
Key people	Tom Rebbie (President/CEO)
Products	Amusement rides, roller coasters
Owner	Tom Rebbie
Website	Official website

History

The Philadelphia Toboggan Company was incorporated January 20, 1904.[1] It built and designed roller coasters until 1979. Notable designers included Joe McKee, John A. Miller, Herbert Schmeck, Frank Hoover, and John C. Allen. When Allen retired as president in 1976, the company stopped designing roller coasters but continued to work on coaster projects until 1979 when it exited the coaster-construction industry for good.[2]

The company manufactured carousels which were known for their elaborate carvings and decorations. Lead carvers included Daniel Carl Muller, Leo Zoller, John Zalar and Frank Caretta.[3] Examples of the company's carousels (manufactured 1904–1934) exist throughout the United States.

The Philadelphia Toboggan Company built the Rollo Coaster at Idlewild Park in 1938, and the carousel for the same amusement park in 1931. The company manufactured Skee Ball games from 1946-1977.[4] In 1926, PTC was granted a trademark on a new name, Philtobco.

Flying Turns

Developed by J. Norman Bartlett and John Miller, the Flying Turns coasters came to the attention of PTC. Recognizing the ride's potential, PTC signed a licensing agreement with Bartlett and Miller to market the ride in North America—with the exception of the state of California.[5] With the arrival of the Great Depression, PTC built only one in 1931, at Rocky Point Amusement Park. The coaster was engineered by Herbert Schmeck, but experienced problems. The ride opened late in the summer and Schmeck stayed on site for some time before he was able to get the ride operating consistently. The ride was damaged beyond repair by a storm on September 21, 1938.[5]

Schmeck engineered a second Flying Turns for Hershey Park in August 1941. Due to the entry of the United States into World War II, and the resulting rationing of building materials, the roller coaster was never built. It would have been located in the park next to what is now the Wave Swinger, and part of where the Comet lift hill is located.[6] Though Bartlett and Miller went on to build several more Flying Turns-type coasters, PTC never proposed another.[5]

PTC Today

On November 27, 1991, Tom Rebbie and Bill Dauphinee purchased the Philadelphia Toboggan Company from its former owner, the late Sam High (1934–2011). They incorporated a new company, Philadelphia Toboggan Coaster, shortly thereafter.[7] Rebbie was appointed president of the company. Rebbie bought out Dauphinee in 2007 to become the sole owner and the name was slightly modified to Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters, Inc. (PTCI). The company continues to manufacture roller coaster trains, queue gates and fin brakes.[8]

List of roller coasters

As of 2019, Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters has built 127 roller coasters around the world.[9]

PTC #	Name	Park	Country	Opened	Status	Details
	Shooting Star	Wet 'n Wild Emerald Pointe Lakeside Park	United States	Unknown 1968 to 1986	Removed	[10] [11]
1	Figure 8 Toboggan	Pine Beach Park (Norfolk, Virginia)	United States	1904	Removed (1906 or later)	Figure eight layout. Designed by Henry B. Auchy.[12][13]
2	Toboggan Figure 8	Vinewood Park (Topeka, Kansas)	United States	1904	Removed	Figure eight layout. Designed by Henry B. Auchy.[14][13]
3	Forest Toboggan	Olentangy Park	United States	1904	Removed	Figure eight layout. Designed by Henry B. Auchy. Possibly relocated from former zoo in Columbus, Ohio.[15][13]
4	Figure 8	White City	United States	1904	1912	Figure eight layout. Designed by Henry B. Auchy.[16][13]
5	Figure Eight Toboggan	Pabst Park (Milwaukee, Wisconsin)	United States	1904	Removed (1910 or later)	Figure eight layout. Designed by Chester E. Albright.[17][13]
6	Toboggan Slide	Elitch Gardens (Original Location)	United States	1904	1925	[18][13]
7	Figure Eight	Delmar Garden (University City, Missouri)	United States	1905	Removed (1908 or later)	Figure eight layout.[19][13]
8	Unknown	Unknown (Fort George, New York)	United States	1905	Removed	[13]
9	Figure Eight	Euclid Beach	United States	1904	Removed	[20][13]
10	Figure 8	Idlewood Amusement Park (Richmond, Virginia)	United States	1906	1909	Designed by Henry B. Auchy.[21][13]
11	Forest Coaster	White City	United States	1906	Removed	Reconstructed.[13][22]
12	Unknown	Dreamland (Coney Island, New York)	United States	1907	1911	Designed by Chester E. Albright. Burnt down.[13]
13	Unknown	Willow Grove Park	United States	1909	Removed	Reconstructed.[13]
14	Unknown	Delmar Garden (University City, Missouri)	United States	1910	Removed	Reconstructed.[13]
15	Unknown	Elitch Gardens (Original Location)	United States	1910	Removed	Reconstructed.[13]
16 / 26	Jack Rabbit Formerly Forest Scenic Railway	Point Breeze Park	United States	1912	1923	Rebuilt and given new serial number in 1918.[23][13]
17	Unknown	Golden City Park (Canarsie, New York)	United States	1915	Removed	Designed by Joe A. McKee, construction supervisor Joe A. McKee.[13]
18	Unknown	Lake Orion (Detroit, Michigan)	United States	1915	Removed	Designed by Joe A. McKee, construction supervisor C. Mitchow.[13]
19	North Wind Coaster Formerly Jack Rabbit	Luna Park	United States	1915	Removed	Designed by Joe A. McKee, construction supervisor Baker.[13][24]
20	Jack Rabbit	Willough Beach Park	United States	1915	Removed	Designed by Joe A. McKee, construction supervisor Baker.[13][25]
21	Unknown	Revere Beach	United States	1916	Removed	Designed by Joe A. McKee, construction supervisor Edward E. Rhoads.[13]
22	Jack Rabbit	Shellpot Park	United States	1916	Removed	Designed by Joe A. McKee, construction supervisor Austin McFadden.[13][26]
23	Unknown	Paragon Park	United States	1917	Removed	Designed by John A. Miller, construction supervisor William Strickler.[13]
24	Forest Ride	Ross Grove / Ross Farms (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania)	United States	1917	Removed	[13][27]
25	Unknown	Euclid Beach Park	United States	1917	Removed	[13]
26a	Jack Rabbit	Rocky Springs Park	United States	1918	Removed	[28]
27	Forest Ride	Six Gun Territory	United States	1919	Removed	[29]
28	Jack Rabbit	Clementon Park	United States	1919	Removed	Designed by John A. Miller.[30][13]
29	Deep Dipper	Carlin's Park	United States	1919	Removed	Designed by John A. Miller.[31][13]
30	Dips	Buckroe Beach Park	United States	1920	Removed	Designed by John A. Miller, construction supervisor Herbert P. Schmeck.[32][13]
31	Deep Dipper	Frederick Road Park	United States	1920	Removed	Designed by John A. Miller.[13] Destroyed by fire.[33]
32	Racer Dip	Bay Shore Park	United States	1920	Removed	Designed by John A. Miller, construction supervisor Herbert P. Schmeck.[34][13]
33	Mountain Dips Coaster	Rocky Glen	United States	1920	Removed	Designed by John A. Miller, construction supervisor Herbert P. Schmeck.[35][13]
34	Alpine Dips	Sanatoga Park	United States	1921	Removed	At points referred to as Saratoga Park. Designed by John A. Miller, construction supervisor Herbert P. Schmeck.[36][13]
35	Wildcat Formerly Thriller Formerly Wasco Dips	Enna Jettick Park / Lakeside Park	United States	1921	Removed	Designed by John A. Miller, construction supervisor Herbert P. Schmeck.[37][13]
36	Wildcat	Merrimack Park	United States	1921	Removed	Designed by John A. Miller, construction supervisor Herbert P. Schmeck.[38][13]
37	Roller Coaster	Woodlawn Park	United States	1922	Removed	Designed by John A. Miller, construction supervisors Herbert P. Schmeck and C.S. Ellis.[39][13]
38	Dips	Schuylkill Park	United States	1922	Removed	Designed by John A. Miller, construction supervisors Herbert P. Schmeck and L.J. Mueller.[40][13]
39	Wildcat	Hersheypark	United States	1923	Removed	Designed by Herbert P. Schmeck, construction supervisor Herbert P. Schmeck.[41][13]
40	Ski Ride	Broad Ripple Park	United States	1924	Removed	Designed by Herbert P. Schmeck.[42][13]
41	Thunderhawk Formerly Coaster	Dorney Park	United States	1924	Operating	Designed by Herbert P. Schmeck.[43][13]
42	Thriller	Euclid Beach	United States	1924	Removed	Designed by Herbert P. Schmeck.[44][13]
43	Big Roller Coaster	Memorial Park	United States	1924	Removed	Designed by Herbert P. Schmeck. 66 feet, 2 inches tall.[45][13]
44	Cyclone	Parc Belmont	Canada	1924	Removed	Designed by Herbert P. Schmeck, construction supervisor H.F. Allen.[46][13]
45	Island Flyer	Island Park	United States	1925	Removed	Designed by Herbert P. Schmeck.[47][13]
46	Wildcat	Bertrand Island	United States	1925	Removed	Designed by Herbert P. Schmeck, construction supervisor George J. Baker.[48][13]
47	Wildcat	Shady Grove Park	United States	1925	Removed	Designed by Herbert P. Schmeck, construction supervisors George J. Baker and James L. Martz. 62 feet, 11 inches tall.[49][13]
48	Giant Roller Coaster	Lakeside Park	United States	1925	Removed	Designed by Herbert P. Schmeck.[50][13]
49	Wildcat	Shellpot Park	United States	1925	Removed	Designed by Herbert P. Schmeck. 65 feet, 1 inch tall.[51][13]
50	Junior Coaster	Woodlawn Park	United States	1925	Removed	Designed by Herbert P. Schmeck.[52][13]
	Wildcat	Frederick Road Park	United States	1923	Removed	[53]
	Jet Star Formerly Rocket Formerly Jet Formerly Jack Rabbit	Olympic Park	United States	1925	Removed	[54]
52	Sky Rocket	Elitch Gardens	United States	1926	Removed	[55]
53	Wildcat	Coney Island	United States	1926	Removed	[56]
54	Twister	Coney Island	United States	1926	Removed	[57]
55	Kids Coaster	Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden	United States	1926	Removed	[58]
	Wildcat	Rocky Point Park	United States	1926	Removed	[59]
	Wildcat	Joyland Park	United States	1926	Removed	[60]
	Coaster	Laurel Park	United States	1926	Removed	[61]
	Express	Brandywine Picnic Park	United States	1926	Removed	[62]
	Wild Cat	Seabreeze Amusement Park	United States	1926	Removed	[63]
	Wildcat	Fernbrook Park	United States	1926	Removed	[64]
	Wildcat	Long Branch Park	United States	1926	Removed	[65]
	Wildcat	Lake Compounce	United States	1927	Operating	[66]
	Twister	Hocus Pocus Park	United States	1927	Removed	[67]
	Wild Cat	Woodside Park	United States	1927	Removed	[68]
	Tornado	Woodside Park	United States	1927	Removed	[69]
	Twister	Croops Glen	United States	1927	Removed	[70]
	Wildcat	Edgewood Park	United States	1927	Removed	[71]
	Wildcat	Belvedere Beach Amusement Park	United States	1927	Removed	[72]
	Twister	Lakemont Park	United States	1927	Removed	[73]
	Wildcat	Rocky Springs Park	United States	1928	Removed	[74]
	Wildcat	Brady Lake Park	United States	1928	Removed	[75]
	Zip	White City	United States	1928	Removed	[76]
	Baby Dipper	Happyland Park	Canada	1928	Removed	[77]
	Bear Cat	Sans Souci Park	United States	1928	Removed	[78]
	Twister	Warner Park	United States	1928	Removed	[79]
	Wildcat	Erie Beach Park	Canada	1928	Removed	[80]
	Twister	McCullough Lake Park	United States	1928	Removed	[81]
	Mountain Flyer	Mountain Park	United States	1929	Removed	[82]
	Wildcat	Pine Island Park	United States	1929	Removed	[83]
	Cyclone	Palace Playland	United States	1930	Removed	[84]
	Wildcat	Lakeside Park	United States	1930	Removed	[85]
	Wildcat	Idora Park	United States	1930	Removed	[86]
	Blue Flyer Formerly Zipper Dipper	Blackpool Pleasure Beach	United Kingdom	1934	Operating	[87]
	Teddy Bear	Kennywood	United States	1935	Removed	[88]
	Teddy Bear	Coney Island	United States	1935	Removed	[89]
	Whirlwind	Dinosaur Beach	United States	1935	Removed	[90]
	Yankee Cannonball Formerly Greyhound Formerly Roller Coaster	Canobie Lake Park Lakewood Park	United States	1936 1930 to 1935	Operating	[91] [92]
	Teddy Bear	Elitch Gardens	United States	1936	Removed	[93]
	Wildcat	Elitch Gardens	United States	1936	Removed	[94]
	Shooting Star Formerly Clipper	Coney Island	United States	1937	Removed	[95]
	Rollo Coaster	Idlewild and Soak Zone	United States	1938	Operating	[96]
	Thunderbolt Formerly Cyclone	Six Flags New England 1939 New York World's Fair	United States	1941 1939 to 1940	Operating	[97] [98]
	Comet	Forest Park Highlands Amusement Park	United States	1941	Removed	[99]
	Roller Coaster	Bayside Park	United States	1942	Removed	[100]
	Comet	Pleasure Pier	United States	1942	Removed	[101]
	Cyclone	Palisades Amusement Park	United States	1945	Removed	[102]
	Comet	Hersheypark	United States	1946	Operating	[103]
	Comet	Meyer's Lake Park	United States	1947	Removed	[104]
	Little Dipper	Hoppyland	United States	1949	Removed	[105]
	Nightmare Formerly Roller Coaster	Joyland	United States	1949	Removed	[106]
	Comet	Waldameer	United States	1951	Operating	[107]
	Comet	Ghost Town on the River	United States	1951	Removed	[108]
	Montaña Rusa	Isla del Coco	Cuba	1951	Removed	[109]
	Roller Coaster	Funland	United States	1954	Removed	[110]
	Junior Coaster	Lincoln Beach	United States	1955	Removed	[111]
	Little Dipper	Belmont Park	United States	1955	Removed	[112]
	Sea Dragon Formerly Jet Flyer	Columbus Zoo and Aquarium	United States	1956	Operating	[113]
	Valley Volcano	Angela Park	United States	1956	Removed	[114]
	Flyer	Dinosaur Beach	United States	1957	Removed	[115]
	Comet Formerly Mighty Lightnin Formerly Ghost Town Jet	Rocky Glen	United States	1959	Removed	[116]
	Tornado	Wedgewood Village	United States	1961	Removed	[117]
	Blue Streak	Cedar Point	United States	1964	Operating	[118]
	Mr. Twister	Elitch Gardens	United States	1964	Removed	[119]
	Jetstream	Riverview Park	United States	1964	Removed	[120]
	Skyliner	Fair Park	United States	1965	Removed	[121]
	Swamp Fox	Family Kingdom Amusement Park	United States	1966	Operating	[122]
	Cannon Ball	Lake Winnepesaukah	United States	1967	Operating	[123]
	Zingo	Bell's Amusement Park	United States	1968	Removed	[124]
	Tornado	Petticoat Junction	United States	1970	Removed	[125]
	Racer	Kings Island	United States	1972	Operating	[126]
	Woodstock Express Formerly Fairly Odd Coaster Formerly Beastie Formerly Scooby Doo	Kings Island	United States	1972	Operating	[127]
	Great American Scream Machine	Six Flags Over Georgia	United States	1973	Operating	[128]
	Comet	Funway Amusement Park	United States	1973	Removed	[129]
	Woodstock Express Formerly Ghoster Coaster Formerly Scooby-Doo's Ghoster Coaster FormerlyScooby Doo	Kings Dominion	United States	1974	Operating	[130]
	Woodstock Express Formerly Fairly Odd Coaster Formerly Scooby Doo's Ghoster Coaster Formerly Scooby Doo	Carowinds	United States	1975	Operating	[131]
	Racer 75 Formerly Rebel Yell	Kings Dominion	United States	1975	Operating	[132]
	Screamin' Eagle	Six Flags St. Louis	United States	1976	Operating	[133]
	Thunder Road	Carowinds	United States	1976	Removed	[134]
	Phoenix Formerly Rocket	Knoebels Amusement Park & Resort Playland Park	United States	1985 1948 to 1980	Operating	[135] [136]
	Skyliner	Lakemont Park Roseland Park	United States	1987 1960 to 1985	Operating	[137] [138]
	Comet	Great Escape Crystal Beach Park	United States	1994 1948 to 1989	Operating	[139] [140]
	Meteor Formerly Little Dipper	Little Amerricka Hillcrest Park Kiddytown	United States	2006 1967 to 2003 1953 to 1966	Operating	[141] [142] [143]
	Starliner	Cypress Gardens Miracle Strip Amusement Park	United States	2007 1963 to 2004	Removed	[144] [145]
	Little Dipper	Six Flags Great America Kiddieland	United States	2010 1950 to 2009	Operating	[146] [147]
	Black Diamond Formerly Golden Nugget	Knoebels Amusement Park & Resort Dinosaur Beach	United States	2011 1960 to 1998	Operating	[148] [149]

Carousels

Most PTC carousels were numbered, so they are easily identified. Most have been moved from their original opening locations. PTC carousels that are still operating or in restoration:

PTC #	Owner	City, State	Year Built	Notes	Ref(s)
6	Kit Carson Co. Fairgrounds	Burlington, Colorado	1905	Originally built for Elitch Gardens in 1905, it was removed and sold to Kit Carson County in 1928 in favor of the new, more modern PTC #51.	[150]
9	Carousel of Pottstown	Pottstown, Pennsylvania	1905	Restoration completed November 2016
15	Palisades Center Mall	West Nyack, New York	1907	Removed 2009	[151]
17	Six Flags Over Georgia	Atlanta, Georgia	1908
18	Destiny USA	Syracuse, New York	1909
19	Western Reserve Historical Society	Cleveland, Ohio	1910	Formerly Euclid Beach Park (1910–1969); Palace Playland (1970s–1996); returned to Ohio in 1996 and restoration completed November 2014
21	Six Flags Magic Mountain	Valencia, California	1912
30	Luna Park, Melbourne	St Kilda, Melbourne Australia	1913
33	Como Park	St. Paul, Minnesota	1914
35	Six Flags St. Louis	Eureka, Missouri	1915
39	Lake Winnepesaukah	Rossville, Georgia	1916
43	Washington State Fair	Puyallup, Washington	1917
44	Kings Dominion	Doswell, Virginia	1917
45	Woodland Park Zoo	Seattle, Washington	1918
46	Magic Kingdom	Bay Lake, Florida	1917	Prince Charming Regal Carrousel
47	Hersheypark	Hershey, Pennsylvania	1919		[152][153]
49	Louisville Zoo	Louisville, Kentucky	1919	Formerly Clementon Park, Clementon, NJ (1919–1997)	[154] [155]
50	City of Hampton	Hampton, Virginia	1920
51	Elitch Gardens Theme Park	Denver, Colorado	1925–1928	Built for the original northwest location of Elitch Gardens to replace PTC #6, it, along with many of Elitch Gardens' original rides, were moved to the park's Downtown Denver location in 1995.	[156]
53	Charles N. Walker	Griffin, Georgia	1920		[157]
54	Battleship Cove	Fall River, Massachusetts	1920
59	Peddler's Village	Lahaska, Pennsylvania	1922
61	David and Jane Walentas	Brooklyn, New York	1922
62	Santa Monica Pier	Santa Monica, California	1922
67	Carowinds	Charlotte, North Carolina	1923
72	Sonny's Place	Somers, Connecticut	1925	Formerly Kiddieland Amusement Park, Melrose Place, Ill. (1952–2009)[158]
75	Gillians Wonderland Pier and Island Waterpark	Ocean City, New Jersey	1926	Formerly Fernbrook Park, Dallas, PA, (1926–1944) Formerly Rolling Green Park, Sellinsgrove, PA, (1944–1972)	[159]
76	Valleyfair	Shakopee, Minnesota	1925
79	Kings Island	Mason, Ohio	1926	Formerly Coney Island, Cincinnati (1926–1971)
80	Holyoke Heritage State Park	Holyoke, Massachusetts	1927–1929	Holyoke Merry-Go-Round, originally built for Mountain Park which shuttered in 1987, preservation campaign moved to Heritage State Park in 1993
83	Idlewild Park	Ligonier, Pennsylvania	1931
84	Canada's Wonderland	Vaughan, Ontario, Canada	1928
85	Carousel Station (formerly part of Paragon Park)	Hull, Massachusetts	1928
87	Family Kingdom	Myrtle Beach, South Carolina	1929	Mechanism only - Horses Replaced - formerly Asbury Park, NJ, Casino

Funhouse items

Beginning before World War II, PTC was involved with the booming dark ride and funhouse business. It spawned the company Funni-Frite Industries of Lancaster, Columbus, and (later) Pickerington, Ohio, which ceased manufacturing operations in 2000.[160]

• Laffing Sal - automated funhouse character/amusement device

See also

• Philadelphia Toboggan Company Carousel Number 15, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.[161]

References

1. Pennsylvania Department of State, "Philadelphia Toboggan Company"; accessed 2017.08.01.
2. Rutherford, Scott. The American Roller Coaster, MBI Publishing, 2000, p. 12
3. McDevitt, Barbara. "Holyoke Carousel". carousels.com. Retrieved August 18, 2018.
4. Cooper, Thaddeus O.; Kreitman, Kevin B. (2016). Seeking Redemption: The Real Story of the Beautiful Game of Skee-Ball. NoMoreBoxes LLC. p. 366. ISBN 9780998389707.
5. Rutherford, Scott (2004). "PTC built one Flying Turns at Rocky Point; Hershey's ride was designed, but never built". Amusement Today. 8 (8.2). p. 23.
6. Jenkins Jr., Torrence (2006). Herbert P. Schmeck: The Forgotten Legacy. Knepper Press. pp. 91–93.
7. Pennsylvania Department of State, "Philadelphia Toboggan Coaster, Inc."; accessed 2017.08.01.
8. Seifert, Jeffrey. "This Month in History," Amusement Today, Volume 15, Issue 8.2, p. 3
9. Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters - rcdb.com
10. Marden, Duane. "Shooting Star  (Wet 'n Wild Emerald Pointe)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
11. Marden, Duane. "Shooting Star  (Lakeside Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
12. "Figure 8 Toboggan - Pine Beach Park (Norfolk, Virginia, United States)". rcdb.com. Retrieved 2020-06-29.
13. "PTC Coasters". Amusement Park Journal. Vol 6, No 1: 36–38.
14. Marden, Duane. "Toboggan Figure 8  (Vinewood Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
15. Marden, Duane. "Forest Toboggan  (Olentangy Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
16. Marden, Duane. "Figure 8  (White City)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
17. Marden, Duane. "Figure Eight Toboggan  (Pabst Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
18. Marden, Duane. "Toboggan Slide  (Elitch Gardens)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
19. Marden, Duane. "Figure Eight  (Delmar Garden)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
20. Marden, Duane. "Figure Eight  (Euclid Beach)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
21. Marden, Duane. "Figure 8  (Idlewood Amusement Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
22. Marden, Duane. "Forest Coaster  (White City)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
23. Marden, Duane. "Jack Rabbit  (Point Breeze Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
24. Marden, Duane. "Jack Rabbit  (Luna Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
25. Marden, Duane. "Jack Rabbit  (Willough Beach Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
26. Marden, Duane. "Jack Rabbit  (Shellpot Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
27. Marden, Duane. "Forest Ride  (Ross Grove)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
28. Marden, Duane. "Jack Rabbit  (Rocky Springs Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
29. Marden, Duane. "Forest Ride  (Six Gun Territory)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
30. Marden, Duane. "Jack Rabbit  (Clementon Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
31. Marden, Duane. "Deep Dipper  (Carlin's Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
32. Marden, Duane. "Dips  (Buckroe Beach Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
33. Marden, Duane. "Deep Dipper  (Frederick Road Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
34. Marden, Duane. "Racer Dip  (Bay Shore Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
35. Marden, Duane. "Giant Coaster  (Rocky Glen)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
36. Marden, Duane. "Alpine Dips  (Sanatoga Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
37. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Enna Jettick Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
38. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Merrimack Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
39. Marden, Duane. "Roller Coaster  (Woodlawn Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
40. Marden, Duane. "Dips  (Schuylkill Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
41. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Hersheypark)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
42. Marden, Duane. "Ski Ride  (Broad Ripple Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
43. Marden, Duane. "Thunderhawk  (Dorney Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
44. Marden, Duane. "Thriller  (Euclid Beach)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
45. Marden, Duane. "Big Roller Coaster  (Memorial Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
46. Marden, Duane. "Cyclone  (Parc Belmont)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
47. Marden, Duane. "Island Flyer  (Island Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
48. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Bertrand Island)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
49. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Shady Grove Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
50. Marden, Duane. "Giant Roller Coaster  (Lakeside Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
51. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Shellpot Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
52. Marden, Duane. "Junior Coaster  (Woodlawn Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
53. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Frederick Road Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
54. Marden, Duane. "Jet Star  (Olympic Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
55. Marden, Duane. "Sky Rocket  (Elitch Gardens)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
56. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Coney Island)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
57. Marden, Duane. "Twister  (Coney Island)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
58. Marden, Duane. "Kids Coaster  (Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
59. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Rocky Point Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
60. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Joyland Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
61. Marden, Duane. "Coaster  (Laurel Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
62. Marden, Duane. "Express  (Brandywine Picnic Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
63. Marden, Duane. "Wild Cat  (Seabreeze Amusement Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
64. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Fernbrook Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
65. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Long Branch Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
66. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Lake Compounce)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
67. Marden, Duane. "Twister  (Hocus Pocus Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
68. Marden, Duane. "Wild Cat  (Woodside Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
69. Marden, Duane. "Tornado  (Woodside Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
70. Marden, Duane. "Twister  (Croops Glen)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
71. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Edgewood Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
72. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Belvedere Beach Amusement Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
73. Marden, Duane. "Twister  (Lakemont Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
74. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Rocky Springs Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
75. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Brady Lake Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
76. Marden, Duane. "Zip  (White City)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
77. Marden, Duane. "Baby Dipper  (Happtland Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
78. Marden, Duane. "Bear Cat  (Sans Souci Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
79. Marden, Duane. "Twister  (Warner Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
80. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Erie Beach Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
81. Marden, Duane. "Twister  (McCullough Lake Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
82. Marden, Duane. "Mountain Flyer  (Mountain Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
83. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Pine Island Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
84. Marden, Duane. "Cyclone  (Palace Playland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
85. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Lakeside Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
86. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Idora Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
87. Marden, Duane. "Blue Flyer  (Blackpool Pleasure Beach)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
88. Marden, Duane. "Teddy Bear  (Kennywood)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
89. Marden, Duane. "Teddy Bear  (Coney Island)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
90. Marden, Duane. "Whirlwind  (Dinosaur Beach)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
91. Marden, Duane. "Yankee Cannonball  (Canobie Lake Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
92. Marden, Duane. "Roller Coaster  (Lakewood Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
93. Marden, Duane. "Teddy Bear  (Elitch Gardens)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
94. Marden, Duane. "Wildcat  (Elitch Gardens)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
95. Marden, Duane. "Shooting Star  (Coney Island)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
96. Marden, Duane. "Rollo Coaster  (Idlewild Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
97. Marden, Duane. "Thunderbolt  (Six Flags New England)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
98. Marden, Duane. "Cyclone  (1939 New York World's Fair)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
99. Marden, Duane. "Comet  (Forest Park Highlands Amusement Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
100. Marden, Duane. "Roller Coaster  (Bayside Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
101. Marden, Duane. "Comet  (Pleasure Pier)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
102. Marden, Duane. "Cyclone  (Palisades Amusement Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
103. Marden, Duane. "Comet  (Herseypark)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
104. Marden, Duane. "Comet  (Meyer's Lake Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
105. Marden, Duane. "Little Dipper  (Hoppyland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
106. Marden, Duane. "Nightmare  (Joyland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
107. Marden, Duane. "Comet  (Waldameer)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
108. Marden, Duane. "Comet  (Ghost Town on the River)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
109. Marden, Duane. "Montaña Rusa  (Isla del Coco)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
110. Marden, Duane. "Roller Coaster  (Funland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
111. Marden, Duane. "Junior Coaster  (Lincoln Beach)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
112. Marden, Duane. "Little Dipper  (Belmont Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
113. Marden, Duane. "Sea Dragon  (Columbus Zoo and Aquarium)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
114. Marden, Duane. "Valley Volcano  (Angela Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
115. Marden, Duane. "Flyer  (Dinosaur Beach)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
116. Marden, Duane. "Comet  (Rocky Glen)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
117. Marden, Duane. "Tornado  (Wedgewood Village)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
118. Marden, Duane. "Blue Streak  (Cedar Point)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
119. Marden, Duane. "Mr. Twister  (Elitch Gardens)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
120. Marden, Duane. "Jetstream  (Riverview Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
121. Marden, Duane. "Skyliner  (Fair Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
122. Marden, Duane. "Swamp Fox  (Family Kingdom Amusement Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
123. Marden, Duane. "Cannon Ball  (Lake Winnepesaukah)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
124. Marden, Duane. "Zingo  (Bell's Amusement Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
125. Marden, Duane. "Tornado  (Petticoat Junction)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
126. Marden, Duane. "Racer  (Kings Island)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
127. Marden, Duane. "Woodstock Express  (Kings Island)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
128. Marden, Duane. "Great American Scream Machine  (Six Flags Over Georgia)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
129. Marden, Duane. "Comet  (Funway Amusement Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
130. Marden, Duane. "Woodstock Express  (Kings Dominion)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
131. Marden, Duane. "Woodstock Express  (Carowinds)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
132. Marden, Duane. "Racer 75  (Kings Dominion)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
133. Marden, Duane. "Screamin' Eagle  (Six Flags St. Louis)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
134. Marden, Duane. "Thunder Road  (Carowinds)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
135. Marden, Duane. "Phoenix  (Knoebels Amusement Park & Resort)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
136. Marden, Duane. "Rocket  (Playland Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
137. Marden, Duane. "Skyliner  (Lakemont Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
138. Marden, Duane. "Skyliner  (Roseland Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
139. Marden, Duane. "Comet  (Great Escape)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
140. Marden, Duane. "Comet  (Crystal Beach)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
141. Marden, Duane. "Meteor  (Little Amerricka)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
142. Marden, Duane. "Little Dipper  (Hillcrest Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
143. Marden, Duane. "Little Dipper  (Kiddytown)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
144. Marden, Duane. "Starliner  (Cypress Gardens)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
145. Marden, Duane. "Starliner  (Miracle Strip Amusement Park)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
146. Marden, Duane. "Little Dipper  (Six Flags Great America)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
147. Marden, Duane. "Little Dipper  (Kiddieland)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
148. Marden, Duane. "Black Diamond  (Knoebels Amusement Park & Resort)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
149. Marden, Duane. "Golden Nugget  (Dinosaur Beach)". Roller Coaster DataBase. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
150. http://www.kitcarsoncountycarousel.com/history
151. "Palisades Center Replaces Historic Carousel". New York Post. August 27, 2009. Retrieved September 20, 2015.
152. "Hershey Park Opens Sunday". Harrisburg Telegraph. May 14, 1945. p. 14. Following the practice of having something new every year, the Park has disposed of the carrousel, which has brought untold pleasure to thousands of children, and purchased one of the finest merry-go-rounds that has ever been built in this country.
153. "Hershey Park Opens Sunday". Gettysburg Times. May 15, 1945. p. 8.
154. Bussabarger, Kara (July 25, 2008). "PTC 49 Carousel at Louisville Zoo". Retrieved September 20, 2015.
155. "Louisville Zoo, Louisville, KY". National Carousel Association. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
156. https://www.elitchgardens.com/plan-a-visit/park-history/
157. Gardner, Richard; Williams, Barbara (June 2010). "Philadelphia Toboggan Company Carousel History; 1904-1941" (PDF). Carousel News & Trader. 26 (6): 36. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
158. Steve Smith (August 16, 2017). "Sonny's Place Adding Antique Carousel". Hartford Courant. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
159. "Gillian's Wonderland Pier, Ocean City, NJ". National Carousel Association. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
160. http://www.ochh.net/funni-catalogs.html
161. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. March 13, 2009.

External links

• Philadelphia Toboggan Coasters, Inc.
• European Coaster Club PTC Database
• PTC Carousel 30 in Australia Homepages
• PTC Carousel 87 at Family Kingdom Amusement Park, Myrtle Beach SC