Patek Philippe SA

Patek Philippe SA is a Swiss luxury watch and clock manufacturer founded in 1839, located in Canton of Geneva and the Vallée de Joux.[2] Since 1932, it has been owned by the Stern family in Switzerland.[3][4] Patek Philippe is one of the oldest watch manufacturers in the world with an uninterrupted watchmaking history since its founding.[5][6][7] It designs and manufactures timepieces as well as movements, including some of the most complicated mechanical watches. The company maintains over 400 retail locations globally and over a dozen distribution centers across Asia, Europe, North America and Oceania. In 2001, it opened the Patek Philippe Museum in Geneva.[8][9][10]

Patek Philippe SA
Private
IndustryLuxury watchmaking
Founded1839 (1839) (Patek, Czapek & Cie.)
1845 (Patek & Cie.)
1851 (Patek, Philippe & Cie.)
FoundersAntoni Patek
Franciszek Czapek
Adrien Philippe
HeadquartersPlan-les-Ouates, Canton of Geneva, Switzerland
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Philippe Stern (Honorary President)
Thierry Stern (President)
Claude Peny (CEO)
ProductsWatches, clocks
Production output
62,000 (2018)[1]
Revenue 1.3 billion CHF (2017)
Number of employees
2,000+
SubsidiariesThe Henri Stern Watch Agency Inc.
Patek Philippe Salon Ltd
Patek Philippe France, etc.
Websitepatek.com

Patek Philippe is widely considered to be one of the most prestigious watch manufacturers in the world.[3][11][12][13][14] Over the years, notable Patek Philippe patrons and timepieces owners include Queen Victoria, Queen Elizabeth II, Pope Pius IX, Marie Curie, Albert Einstein, John F. Kennedy, Nelson Mandela, Pablo Picasso, Pyotr Tchaikovsky and Leo Tolstoy.[15][16][17][18][19] As of December 2019, among the world's top ten most expensive watches ever sold at auctions, seven are Patek Philippe watches. In particular, Patek Philippe Grandmaster Chime Ref. 6300A-010 currently holds the title of the most expensive watch (and wristwatch) ever sold at auction (31.19 million US dollars or 31 million CHF), while Patek Philippe Henry Graves Supercomplication, the world's most complicated mechanical watch until 1989, currently holds the title of the most expensive pocket watch ever sold at auction (24 million US dollars or 23,237,000 CHF).[20][21][22][23][24]

History

Early history
Antoni Patek
Adrien Philippe

Along with his fellow Czech-born Polish partner Franciszek Czapek, Polish watchmaker Antoni Patek formed Patek, Czapek & Cie in Geneva on May 1, 1839 and started making pocket watches.[25] But eventually they separated due to disagreements and the company was liquidated on April 18, 1845.[26][27] On May 1, 1845, Czapek founded Czapek & Cie with a new partner, Juliusz Gruzewski.[28] On the other hand, Patek was soon joined by French watchmaker Adrien Philippe, the inventor of the keyless winding mechanism, and continued the watchmaking business with a new company, Patek & Cie, beginning May 15, 1845.[27][29]

On January 1, 1851, the company's name was officially changed to Patek, Philippe & Cie.[25][29] In the same year, Queen Victoria of Britain acquired a keyless pendant watch at the Great Exhibition in London.[25][29] The watch was embellished with rose-cut diamonds set in the pattern of a bouquet of flowers.[26][29] The Queen had another exclusive Patek Philippe timepiece, to be worn pinned to clothing. This watch was suspended from a diamond and enamel brooch.[30][31] In 1868, Patek Philippe created the first Swiss wristwatch for Countess Koscowicz of Hungary.[25]

In March 1877, Antoni Patek passed away at the age of 65, but his only son, Léon Mecyslas Vincent, did not join the business.[26][32] As a result, Joseph Antoine Bénassy-Philippe, one of Adrien Philippe's sons-in-law, succeeded Antoni Patek's position.[32] In 1887, Calatrava Cross became the registered company logo of Patek Philippe.[33] In 1891, the 76-year-old Adrien Philippe handed over his position in the business to his youngest son Joseph Emile Philippe, together with Francois Antoine Conty.[32][34] Adrien Philippe died in January 1894.[34]

Company restructuring

1901 saw the transformation of Patek Philippe into a joint-stock company, Ancienne Manufacture d'horlogerie Patek, Philippe & Cie, Société Anonyme, initiated by J. A. Bénassy-Philippe and Joseph E. Philippe.[32][34][35] Still being run a family business, Patek Philippe then had seven shareholders, five of whom formed the board of directors with J. A. Bénassy-Philippe being the chairman.[32][35] Joseph E. Philippe's son later joined the company, and he was the last offspring of the founders in the business.[32] In 1915, Albert Einstein ordered a gold pocket watch from Patek Philippe; in that year, he completed his Theory of General Relativity.[36][37][38]

Patek Philippe has been owned by the Swiss Stern family since 1932, when Charles Stern and Jean Stern acquired the company during the Great Depression.[3][4] The Stern brothers' company, Fabrique de Cadrans Sterns Frères, had been a business partner of Patek Philippe as its supplier of watch dials. In 1935, Patek Philippe was brought to American markets by New York-based Henri Stern Watch Agency, where it was sold as a sister brand alongside Universal Genève.[39]

In 1958, Henri Stern, the son of Charles Stern, became the president of Patek Philippe.[4][40] Alan Banbery, who previously designed Universal's "Compax" movements and worked as a horologist for London's Garrard & Co, would take on the position of Director of Sales in 1965 and later authored official reference books on vintage Patek Philippe pocket watches and chronographs.

Recent development

In 1993, Philippe Stern, the son of Henry Stern, became the president of the company.[4][40] He initiated the publication of the twice-a-year Patek Philippe Magazine in 1996, which is reserved for the watch owners and has received contributions from various prominent writers including Nobel Laureates Gao Xingjian and José Saramago.[41] And in 2009, Philippe Stern's son, Thierry Stern, took over the reins from his father in 2010.[42][43][44] In 2010, the company produced 40,000 timepieces and, according to Thierry Stern, it produced 58,000 pieces in 2017.[42][45] In 2018, the number went up to 62,000, and in order to maintain quality and exclusivity, Patek Philippe would only slowly increase the number of timepieces produced each year (by 1-3 percent per year) but with a ceiling.[1][46] Currently, the company is an active member of the Federation of the Swiss Watch Industry FH.[47]

Since 2000s, Patek Philippe timepieces have repeatedly fetched high prices in auctions worldwide. As of 2018, among the world's top ten most expensive watches ever sold at auctions, seven are Patek Philippe watches, and among the top 58 most expensive watches sold at auction (over 2 million US dollars), 46 are Patek Philippe watches. A small part of the demand for auction pieces is driven by Patek Philippe themselves, as they are purchasing in the auction market to add to the collection of the Patek Philippe Museum in Geneva.[48][49][50]

Motto and slogan

One of Patek Philippe's company slogans is "You never actually own a Patek Philippe. You merely look after it for the next generation." The slogan was introduced when the company launched its "Generations" campaign in 1996.[51][52]

Watch manufacturing
A pocket watch in the Patek Philippe collection of Tiffany & Co., an authorized retailer and close business partner of Patek Philippe[53][54]

Patek Philippe manufactures its own watch components.[15] Like other Swiss manufacturers, the company produces mostly mechanical movements with automatic or manual winding mechanism, but has also been producing quartz watches.[55] In fact, Patek Philippe was one of the twenty Swiss watch companies that founded the Centre Electronique Horloger and collaboratively developed the first Swiss quartz movements, such as the Beta 21 movement (1969) which was used by several manufacturers in their watches.[56] In 1950s, the company even produced a prototype for a mechanical digital wristwatch, Ref. 3414.[57]

Patek Philippe popularized complications such as perpetual calendar, split-seconds hand, chronograph, and minute repeater in mechanical watches.[58][59][60] In 2009, the company announced that all of its future mechanical timepieces would be imprinted with the Patek Philippe Seal which requires a precision of -3/+2 seconds per day for diameters no less than 20 mm and -5/+4 seconds per day for diameters less than 20 mm, surpassing the highest industry standard of watch manufacturing and thus abandoning the Geneva Seal.[61][62][63]

Notable inventions and patents

Patek Philippe has invented over 20 basic calibres and has received over 100 patents.[64] The following are some of the important contributions from Patek Philippe to the watchmaking industry.

  • In 1845, patented keyless winding and hand-setting system, which received a bronze medal at the 1844 Industrial Exposition in Paris.[25]
  • In 1868, created the first Swiss wristwatch.[25]
  • In 1881, patented its precision regulator.[65]
  • In 1889, patented perpetual calendar mechanism for pocket watches.[65]
  • In 1902, patented double chronograph.[65]
  • In 1916, produced the world's first lady’s wristwatch with complication (No. 174 603, a five-minute repeater).[65]
  • In 1923, launched the world's first split-second chronograph wristwatch (No. 124 8244).[65]
  • In 1925, created the world's first perpetual calendar wristwatch (No. 97 975), with a compact movement for pendant watches created in 1898.[65][66]
  • In 1933, created the Henry Graves Supercomplication, the most complicated mechanical watch in the world (24 complications) until 1989.[67][68]
  • In 1949, patented the Gyromax balance.[68]
  • In 1956, created the world's first all-electronic clock which, in 1958, received the "Award for Miniaturization” in New York.[69][70][71][72]
  • In 1962, a tourbillon movement achieves the world's still-unbeaten timekeeping precision record for mechanical watches at Geneva Observatory.[70][72]
  • In 1986, patented the secular perpetual calendar with retrograde date indication.[70]
  • In 1989, created the Calibre 89, the most complicated mechanical watch in the world (33 complications) until 2015.[73]
  • In 1996, patented annual calendar mechanism and introduced the first annual calendar model Ref. 5035.[73][74]
  • In 2003/05, launched the annual calendar Ref. 5250, being the world's first watch with silicon-based (the Silinvar alloy) escapement wheel.[73][75][76]
  • In 2006, introduced the silicon-based Spiromax balance spring.[73]
  • In 2008, introduced the Pulsomax silicon-based escapement.[73]
  • In 2011, introduced the Oscillomax ensemble, combining the Spiromax balance spring, the Pulsomax escapement, and the GyromaxSi balance.[73]
  • In 2014, created the Grandmaster Chime Ref. 5175, one of the world's most complicated wristwatches (20 complications).[73][77]

Environmental rating
Top 5 gold producing nations

In December 2018, World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) released an official report giving environmental ratings for 15 major watch manufacturers and jewelers in Switzerland.[78][79] Patek Philippe, along with 7 other manufacturers including Audemars Piguet, Breguet and Rolex, was given the lowest environmental rating as "Latecomers/Non-transparent", suggesting that the manufacturer has taken very few actions addressing the impact of its manufacturing activities on the environment and climate change.[78][79]

There are concerns over the lack of transparency in manufacturing activities and the sourcing of precious raw materials such as gold, which is a major cause of environmental issues such as pollution, soil degradation and deforestation.[78][79] The situation is especially serious in the developing countries which are top producers of gold, including China, Russia and South Africa.[80][81][82][83] It is estimated that the watch and jewelry sector uses over 50% of world's annual gold production (over 2,000 tons), but in most cases the watch companies are not able to or are unwilling to demonstrate where their raw materials come from and if the material suppliers use eco-friendly sourcing technologies.[78]

Notable models

Most expensive pieces
A Patek Philippe pocket watch
Main article: List of most expensive watches sold at auction
  • On November 28, 2012, the Patek Philippe Star Calibre 2000 Ref. 990/1 was sold at Christie's in Hong Kong for a final price of 3.28 million US dollars (HKD 25,300,000), becoming the most expensive timepiece ever auctioned in Asia.[84] The timepiece boasts 21 complications, including Westminster Chimes, minute repeating, lunar orbit and so on, and was made in 2008.[85]
  • On November 11, 2014, the Henry Graves Supercomplication was sold at Sotheby's Geneva Auction for a record-breaking US$23.98 million (CHF 23,237,000), becoming the most expensive watch ever sold at auction and held the title until November 9, 2019.[22][24] The Supercomplication was made in 1933 for the prominent banker Henry Graves Jr.. The ultra-complicated pocket watch (having 24 complications) was the result of Graves' friendly horological competition with James Ward Packard. After Graves' death, the watch was held by his daughter, and then by his grandson until 1969, when it was sold to Seth G. Atwood who kept the watch in his renowned "Time Museum" in Rockford, Illinois until 1999.[24][86] The watch was auctioned for the first time at Sotheby's in December 1999 for a record-breaking US$11 million to Sheikh Saud Bin Mohammed Bin Ali Al-Thani of the Qatari royal family.[87]
  • On November 12, 2016, a Patek Philippe Ref. 1518 in steel took the title as the most expensive wristwatch ever sold at auction (until October 2017). Sold through Phillips' Geneva auction house, the watch fetched a final price of US$11.14 million (CHF 11,002,000).[88] This was the first time that a steel-case Ref. 1518 (only four were made in steel) went for auction; in fact, this piece was the first of the four steel Ref.1518 manufactured, which features a chronograph and perpetual calendar.[89]
  • On November 9, 2019, Patek Philippe Grandmaster Chime Ref. 6300A-010 became the most expensive watch ever sold at auction, fetching US$31 million (CHF 31,000,000) in Christie's Geneva auction.[20][21]

Calatrava wristwatch
Main article: Calatrava (watch)

In 1932, Patek Philippe launched the first Calatrava model Ref. 96, which was designed by English horologist David Penney who was influenced by the Bauhaus art movement in Germany.[25][90][91] Originally, the Stern brothers, soon after they acquired Patek Philippe in 1932, introduced the Calatrava to help the company pass through the Great Depression smoothly.[90][92]

The original Calatrava Ref. 96 was in production for more than 40 years, and its successor models include Ref. 2526, Ref. 3520, Ref. 5196 and so on.[91][93] Known for its simple and elegant design, the Calatrava wristwatch has been a flagship model of Patek Philippe since its introduction.[92][93] Notably, the Calatrava Cross has been company's logo since 1887.[33]

World Time wristwatch
Patek Philippe 5131R-011 World Time wristwatch (front view)

Patek Philippe World Time (Heures Universelles) collection was introduced in 1939, with Ref.1415 being the first model.[94] The "World Time" complication is able to show the time for all 24 time zones on the same watch and was invented by Swiss watchmaker Louis Cottier in 1930s.[94][95] Cottier's invention attracted several watchmaking companies, while Patek Philippe was the first company to introduce a series of World Time wristwatches after forging a partnership with Mr. Cottier.[95][96] The successors to Ref. 1415 include Ref. 2523, Ref. 5230, Ref. 5531 (with minute repeater), and so on.[94][97]

As of 2018, Patek Philippe World Time collection (Ref. 1415, Ref. 2523) holds 6 spots among the 58 world's most expensive watches sold at auction (over 2 million US dollars), with the world record being 4.027 million US dollars (6,603,500 CHF) made at Antiquorum's Geneva auction on April 13, 2002.[98][99]

Nautilus wristwatch

In 1976, Patek Philippe introduced the Nautilus collection after deciding it was time to produce an exclusive sport watch with finishes of the highest quality.[100][101] The first model was Ref. 3700 and was made of steel.[102] It was designed by Swiss watchmaker Gérald Genta, who previously designed the Royal Oak collection for Audemars Piguet, and was released by Patek Philippe during the quartz crisis in the hope that it would help re-attract people's attention to high-end Swiss mechanical watches.[101]

The Nautilus collection played a key role in Patek Philippe's overall marketing strategy as it had to refresh the brand image while perpetuating tradition. The target was represented by dynamic business managers of the new generations.[103] The Nautilus wristwatch has become one of the most popular collections from Patek Philippe, and the Ref. 5711 & 5712 models, which the company introduced in 2006 to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the collection, are among the most popular models.[101][104]

Perpetual calendar chronograph

Patek Philippe perpetual calendar chronograph was introduced in 1941, with Ref. 1518 being the first model.[105] On November 12, 2016, a Ref. 1518 in steel became the most expensive wristwatch ever sold at auction (until October 2017), fetching a record-breaking US$11.14 million (11,002,000 CHF) in Geneva (through Phillips' auction house).[88]

As the successor, Ref. 2499 is widely considered to be one of the greatest watch models in the world.[105][106][107][108][109] Historically, only 349 pieces of Ref. 2499 were made from 1950 to 1985 - around 9 pieces each year.[105][106] Over the course of 35 years, four series of Ref. 2499 were introduced, exerting a strong influence on the watch designs of many other renowned watchmakers.[105] As of June 2019, Ref. 2499 holds eleven spots among the 59 world's most expensive watches sold at auction (over 2 million US dollars) and at least 18 pieces of Ref. 2499 have been auctioned for more than 1.5 million US dollars, with the world record being 3.880 million US dollars (3,915,000 CHF) made at Sotheby's Geneva auction on November 13, 2018.[110] The successors to Ref. 2499 include, in chronological order, Ref. 3970, Ref. 5970 and Ref. 5270.[105]

Sky Moon Tourbillon
Patek Philippe Ref. 5002 Sky Moon Tourbillon

Patek Philippe Sky Moon Tourbillon wristwatch was introduced in 2001, with Ref. 5002 being the first model.[111][112] The wristwatch has two dials and contains 12 complications including tourbillon, minute repeater, sky chart, and moon phase & orbit. In 2013, the company introduced the second model of Sky Moon Tourbillon, Ref. 6002, also with 12 complications.[111] The new model took 7 years of research and development, while the engraving on each piece alone took more than 100 hours.[113][114]

Sky Moon Tourbillon was the most complicated wristwatch from Patek Philippe until 2014.[111][112] It is estimated that only 3 - 5 pieces are made each year, and the price for each piece is over US$1.2 million.[112] However, every purchase of the piece requires an application from the buyer and has to be approved by Patek Philippe President Thierry Stern.[113][114] On October 2, 2018, a Sky Moon Tourbillon 6002G was auctioned by Poly Auction in Hong Kong, fetching US$2.707 million (HKD 21,240,000), making it one of the most expensive watches ever sold in auction.[115]

150th anniversary edition
Main article: Patek Philippe Calibre 89

In 1989, Patek Philippe created Calibre 89, then the most complicated mechanical watch ever made, for its 150th anniversary.[116] Calibre 89 holds 33 complications, including the date of Easter, time of sunrise, equation of time, sidereal time, and many other indicators. 1,728 unique parts allow sidereal time, a 2,800 star chart, and more.[117][118] In addition, Calibre 89 is able to add a day to February for leap years while leaving out the extra day for every 100 year interval.

Only four pieces of Calibre 89 were ever manufactured by Patek Philippe, with one in white gold, one in yellow gold, one in rose gold, and one in platinum.[116][119] The yellow-gold and the white-gold Calibre 89 were sold at auctions by Antiquorum in 2009 and 2004, respectively, and both watches currently rank among the top ten most expensive watches ever sold at auction, with final prices over 5 million US dollars.[117][118][120][121]

175th anniversary edition

In 2014, Patek Philippe introduced the Grandmaster Chime Ref. 5175, the most complicated wristwatch ever built by the manufacturer (with 20 complications, but no tourbillon), to celebrate its 175th anniversary.[77][122] Only seven pieces of Ref. 5175 were created, with one permanently residing in the Patek Philippe Museum in Geneva. The sale price for each of the other six pieces was 2.5 million CHF (2.6 million US dollars).[77][123]

In 2016, Patek Philippe introduced the Grandmaster Chime Ref. 6300, succeeding the Grandmaster Chime Ref. 5175.[124][125] Ref. 6300 also has 20 complications, including grande sonnerie, minute repeater, and alarm with time strike (but without tourbillon), with the sale price over 2.2 million US dollars.[125][126] The purchase of each piece requires an application from the buyer and has to be approved by Patek Philippe President Thierry Stern.[123]

Notable patrons and owners
A Patek Philippe chronograph wristwatch

Artists

Entrepreneurs

Intellectuals

Politicians
The Patek Philippe pocket watch (made in 1866) given to Jane Stanford by Leland Stanford as a New Year's gift on January 1, 1868. In late 1890s and early 1900s, Jane had the watch along with her other jewelry collections auctioned to fund the fledgling Stanford University. In 2005, the watch was sent back to the university, and it is the only piece among Jane Stanford's original collection to re-emerge.[141][142]

Royalty

Sports

See also

Notes
  1. Albert Einstein ordered a gold pocket watch from Patek Philippe in 1915, the year when he completed his theory of General Relativity. This watch is now kept in the Patek Philippe Museum in Geneva. Before that, Einstein had a possibly German-made, unknown-brand pocket watch (circa 1900), which was auctioned by Christie's for GBP 266,500 in London on July 13, 2016. In addition, Einstein also owned two timepieces from Longines, one 1943 silver pocket watch and one 1929 gold wristwatch. His Longines wristwatch, which was presented to him by Rabbi Edgar Magnin in 1931, was auctioned by Antiquorum for US$596,000 in New York on October 16, 2008, making it the most expensive Longines' timepiece ever sold at auction. His Longines pocket watch is now kept in the Bern Historical Museum in Switzerland.

References
  1. "Swiss watchmakers say slowing growth in China won't hurt sales this..." Reuters. 2019-03-21. Retrieved 2019-03-23.
  2. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe | Company | History". Patek Philippe SA. Retrieved 2018-11-26.
  3. Geromel, Ricardo. "Luxury Watchmaker Patek Philippe's Swiss Owner Philippe Stern Now A Billionaire". Forbes. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  4. "Philippe Stern". www.bloomberg.com. Retrieved 2018-12-12.
  5. "175 years of Patek Philippe: A big story in three chapters". www.pragnell.co.uk. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  6. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe | Company | The Manufacture". Patek Philippe SA. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  7. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe | News | Celebrating our 175th Anniversary". Patek Philippe SA. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  8. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe SA | Authorized Retailers". www.patek.com. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  9. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe SA | Distributors". www.patek.com. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  10. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe | Visit the Patek Philippe Museum in Geneva". Patek Philippe SA. Retrieved 2018-12-21.
  11. Michael Korda (1 January 2004), Marking Time: Collecting Watches and Thinking about Time, Barnes & Noble Publishing, pp. 71–, ISBN 978-0-7607-3576-3
  12. "5 reasons collectors love Patek Philippe | Christie's". www.christies.com. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  13. Dool, Steve (2017-07-18). "Why collectors covet Patek Philippe timepieces". CNN Style. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  14. Clymer, Benjamin. "Patek Philippe in America: Unparalleled Luxury That Captures Hearts—And Wrists". Forbes. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  15. "Patek Philippe crafts its future". Fortune. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  16. Ehrlich, Jake (2012-06-04). "Queen Elizabeth Custom Patek Philippe Golden Ellipse..." ...Welcome to PatekMagazine.com...Home of Jake's Patek Philippe World... Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  17. "The Swiss Watchmaker Favored by DiMaggio, Kennedy, and Patton". www.bloomberg.com. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  18. Addley, Esther (2019-02-07). "Nelson Mandela's personal artefacts go on show in London". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2019-02-09.
  19. "1981 Patek Philippe watch photo Tchaikovsky theme vintage print ad". eBay. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  20. "PATEK PHILIPPE GRANDMASTER CHIME The Grandmaster Chime reference 6300A-010". Christie's. Retrieved 2019-11-11.
  21. Reddinger, Paige; Reddinger, Paige (2019-11-09). "This $31 Million Patek Philippe Just Became the Most Expensive Watch in the World". Robb Report. Retrieved 2019-11-11.
  22. Adams, Ariel. "$24,000,000 Patek Philippe Supercomplication Pocket Watch Beats Its Own Record At Auction". Forbes. Retrieved 2018-11-23.
  23. "Swiss Pocket Watch Sells for Record $24 Million". Time. Retrieved 2018-11-23.
  24. "Patek Philippe (THE HENRY GRAVES JR. SUPERCOMPLICATION)". Sotheby's.
  25. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe SA | History (1839 - 1877)". www.patek.com. Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  26. "Patek Philippe Watches (Volume I) - Patek Philippe Museum" (PDF). Patek Philippe.
  27. "PATEK PHILIPPE HISTORY". Official Watches. Archived from the original on 2019-01-13.
  28. "The History". Czapek. Retrieved 2018-12-22.
  29. "Part 1: Patek Philippe - The Journey to Geneva and the Birth of a Legend". www.shreve.com. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
  30. Cf. Patek Philippe website official history timeline
  31. Timepieces for Royalty – 1850-1910 by Patek Philippe, Geneva : Patek Philippe Museum, 2005.
  32. "175 years of Patek Philippe: A big story in three chapters". www.pragnell.co.uk. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
  33. "Patek Philippe". www.hautehorlogerie.org. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
  34. "Patek Phillipe - A Brief History". www.brittons-watches.co.uk. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
  35. "The History of the Patek Philippe Brand | The Loupe, TrueFacet". 2015-09-29. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
  36. "Part 2: Patek Philippe: The Evolution of Pocket Watches and Ownership". www.shreve.com. Retrieved 2019-01-27.
  37. Friedrich, Written byCarina (2015-11-10). "Patek Philippe, Pocket Watch to Wristwatch: A History of the Patek Philippe Watch Company". WatchTime - USA's No.1 Watch Magazine. Retrieved 2019-01-27.
  38. "General Relativity". Institute for Advanced Study. Archived from the original on 2019-01-28. Retrieved 2019-01-27.
  39. Perman, Stacy (2013). A Grand Complication: The Race to Build the World's Most Legendary Watch. Simon & Schuster. p. 220. ISBN 1439190089.
  40. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe | Company | History". Patek Philippe SA. Retrieved 2018-12-12.
  41. "The "Generations" ad campaign is twenty years old". Federation of the Swiss watch industry FH. Retrieved 2019-02-25.
  42. KPMG, "Standing the Test of Time", pp.16-18, in Consumer Currents, Issue 5, 2008, KPMG International
  43. "Thierry Stern - Prestige Magazine". Prestige Magazine. 2016-07-12. Retrieved 2017-02-06.
  44. "Robb Report".
  45. "Thierry Stern : "You have to innovate, otherwise you die" – FHH Journal". journal.hautehorlogerie.org. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
  46. "Swiss watchmaker Patek Philippe says Chinese demand still rising". Reuters. 2018-10-18. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  47. "Our brands". Federation of the Swiss watch industry.
  48. Clerizo, Michael, "Watch Auctions: Time Honored: With their mystique, brands like Patek Philippe can command hundreds of thousands of dollars at watch auctions", The Wall Street Journal, April 29, 2010
  49. Frank, Robert, "All That Glitters May Not Be Gold", The Wall Street Journal, October 8, 2007
  50. Patek Philippe SA. "PATEK PHILIPPE SA - Welcome to Our Official Website". Retrieved 24 May 2016.
  51. Naas, Roberta. "Patek Philippe Celebrates 20 Years of Its Iconic Advertising Campaign". Forbes. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  52. December 27, Stephen Pulvirent; 2016. "The Untold Story Of Watchmaking's Most Iconic Advertising Campaign: The 'Generations' Campaign Of Patek Philippe". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2019-01-23.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  53. November 15, HODINKEE; 2012. "Introducing The Patek Philippe Ref. 5396G, Made Exclusively For Tiffany & Co". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2019-01-30.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  54. "Patek Philippe Watches | Tiffany & Co". www.tiffany.com. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  55. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe | Watch Movements & Calibers". Patek Philippe SA. Retrieved 2019-01-11.
  56. June 24, Cara Barrett; 2015. "Collecting The First Swiss Quartz Movement: 5 Beta-21 Watches To Look For". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2019-01-11.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  57. "Patek Philippe - A modern version of Ref. 3414, called "Cobra" ..." WATCHPROSITE - Wristwatch News, Reviews, & Original Reports, Puristspro. 2014-01-15. Retrieved 2019-01-11.
  58. "The Perpetual Calendar Complication: A History". Crown & Caliber Blog. 2018-06-21. Archived from the original on 2019-04-02. Retrieved 2018-12-13.
  59. July 14, PH Zhou; 2016. "In-Depth: A Detailed Survey Of The Split-Seconds Chronograph And Its Cousins". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2018-12-13.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  60. "Insider: Patek Philippe Minute Repeaters. History, Explanation and 10 Facts You Need to Know About Them". WATCH COLLECTING LIFESTYLE. Retrieved 2018-12-13.
  61. "Patek Philippe creates its own Seal – FHH Journal". journal.hautehorlogerie.org. Retrieved 2019-01-12.
  62. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe | Company | The Manufacture". Patek Philippe SA. Retrieved 2019-01-12.
  63. "The New Standard Of Quality - The Patek Philippe Seal". Federation of the Swiss watch industry FH. Retrieved 2019-02-05.
  64. Liu, Ming (2016-03-17). "At Patek Philippe, 'the D.N.A. Comes In'". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2019-02-21.
  65. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe | Company | History (1878-1931)". Patek Philippe SA. Retrieved 2019-01-11.
  66. "The Perpetual Calendar Complication: A History". Crown & Caliber Blog. 2018-06-21. Archived from the original on 2019-04-02. Retrieved 2019-02-20.
  67. Ariel Adams (12 November 2014). "$24,000,000 Patek Philippe Supercomplication Pocket Watch Beats Its Own Record At Auction". Forbes. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
  68. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe | Company | History (1932-1949)". Patek Philippe SA. Retrieved 2019-01-11.
  69. "Experience: Patek Philippe Celebrates its 175th Anniversary. A Chronological Journey of The Manufacture's Rich History". WATCH COLLECTING LIFESTYLE. Retrieved 2019-01-11.
  70. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe | Company | History (1950-1988)". Patek Philippe SA. Retrieved 2019-01-11.
  71. "History and Development of the Quartz Watch". doensen.home.xs4all.nl. Retrieved 2019-01-11.
  72. "History at a Glance: The Story of Patek Philippe -". DEPLOYANT. 2017-09-25. Retrieved 2019-01-11.
  73. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe | Company | History (1988 - 2018)". Patek Philippe SA. Retrieved 2019-01-11.
  74. Malcolmson, James D. (2017-12-24). "The Annual Calendar Mechanism is Truly a Modern Movement". Robb Report. Retrieved 2019-01-11.
  75. "The Purists.net, Patek Philippe 2005 technical innovations". Archived from the original on February 15, 2009. Retrieved January 23, 2009.
  76. Quill, The Zenith Defy Lab Highlights Technology That Could Change Future Watchmaking |; says, Pad (2017-12-30). "Give Me Five! All 5 Of Patek Philippe's Advanced Research Limited Editions". Quill & Pad. Retrieved 2019-02-15.
  77. "Patek Philippe Unveils Grandmaster Chime: The World's Most Complicated Wristwatch (Ever)". www.bloomberg.com. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  78. "Environmental rating and industry report 2018" (PDF). World Wide Fund for Nature. Retrieved 2019-01-19.
  79. swissinfo.ch, S. W. I.; Corporation, a branch of the Swiss Broadcasting. "Swiss luxury watches fail to meet environmental standards". SWI swissinfo.ch. Retrieved 2019-01-19.
  80. Vidal, John; Guest, graphic by Pete (2015-08-15). "How developing countries are paying a high price for the global mineral boom". The Observer. ISSN 0029-7712. Retrieved 2019-02-02.
  81. "China needs to get to grips with its gold mining pollution crisis". www.chinadialogue.net. Retrieved 2019-02-02.
  82. Einhorn, Dom (2015-02-09). "Mining in Russia: An economic boost or an environmental threat?". Born2Invest. Retrieved 2019-02-02.
  83. "South Africa has failed to protect locals from gold mine pollution: Harvard report". MINING.com. 2016-10-12. Retrieved 2019-02-02.
  84. "RESULTS: CHRISTIE'S HONG KONG SALE OF IMPORTANT WATCHES REALISES HK$186,337,375 (US$24,167,957)". www.christies.com. Retrieved 2018-12-01.
  85. "PATEK PHILIPPE (STAR CALIBRE 2000, REF.990/1, MOVEMENT NO. 3,200,005, CASE NO. 4,125,166, CIRCA 2008)". www.christies.com. Retrieved 2018-12-21.
  86. June 21, Nicholas Manousos; 2018. "Historical Perspectives: Rarely Seen Documentary Video Featuring George Daniels And Seth Atwood". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2019-01-29.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  87. "Sheikh Saud Bin Mohammed Bin Ali Al-Thani: Sheikh who became Qatar's". The Independent. 2014-11-18. Retrieved 2019-01-25.
  88. "Most Expensive Wrist Watch Ever Sold? Patek Philippe Ref. 1518", Twentytwoten.com, News, 12 Nov 2016
  89. This $11 Million Patek Philippe Timepiece Is the World's Most Expensive Wristwatch
  90. "Review: Patek Philippe Calatrava Travel Time". www.watchfinder.com. Retrieved 2019-01-14.
  91. "The History of the Patek Philippe Calatrava | The Loupe, TrueFacet". 2018-10-12. Retrieved 2019-01-14.
  92. Lim, Terence (2017-10-11). "Patek Philippe And Its German Art Movement Connection". Philippine Tatler. Retrieved 2019-01-14.
  93. May 18, Benjamin Clymer; 2016. "In-Depth: The Patek Philippe 2526, And Why It's A Watch To Pay Attention To". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2019-01-14.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  94. July 12, Jack Forster; 2017. "Introducing: The Patek Philippe World Time Ref. 5230G New York 2017 Limited Edition". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2019-01-05.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  95. Solomon, Michael. "The World of Worldtimer Watches". Forbes. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
  96. "World time: Patek Philippe and Louis Cottier". www.europastar.com. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
  97. Naas, Roberta. "Patek Philippe Unveils $560,000 World Time Minute Repeater Watch at Grand Exhibition, New York". Forbes. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
  98. "Patek Philippe & Cie, Genève, No. 929693, case No. 656462, Ref. 1415 HU (Heures Universelles)". catalog.antiquorum.swiss. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
  99. Ruiz, Nicola. "By The Numbers: The World's Most Expensive Watches". Forbes. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
  100. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe | Company | History". Patek Philippe SA. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
  101. "Secrets of the Patek Philippe Nautilus | Christie's". www.christies.com. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
  102. "History of the Patek Philippe Nautilus, Part 1 - The Birth of an Icon, the 3700 (1976/1990)". Monochrome Watches. 2016-10-11. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
  103. History of the Patek Philippe Nautilus, 2015
  104. Koch, Written byJens (2018-12-14). "Luxury in Steel: A History of the Patek Philippe Nautilus". WatchTime - USA's No.1 Watch Magazine. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
  105. "Collecting guide: Patek Philippe perpetual chronograph wristwatches | Christie's". www.christies.com. Retrieved 2018-12-15.
  106. "One of the Most Important Vintage Wristwatches in the World". Sotheby's.
  107. "Geneva Auction Highlight: The Rose Gold Patek Philippe Ref. 2499 (Third Series) | PHILLIPS". www.phillipswatches.com. Retrieved 2018-12-15.
  108. March 11, Benjamin Clymer; 2014. "Reference Points: Understanding The Entire Lineage Of Patek Philippe Perpetual Calendar Chronographs". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2019-01-26.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  109. "Patek Philippe Ref. 2499: A Brief History of a Classic". watchtime. Retrieved 2018-12-15.
  110. "Patek Philippe (RETAILED BY ASPREY: REF 2499)". Sotheby's.
  111. "THE TITANIUM COLLECTION: Patek Philippe 5001T". Sotheby's. Retrieved 2019-01-29.
  112. Doerr, Elizabeth. "The Patek Philippe Sky Moon Tourbillon Earns A Place In Horological History". Forbes. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  113. Frank, Robert (2013-09-13). "$1 million watch—and you have to apply to buy it!". www.cnbc.com. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  114. "Patek Philippe Launches The Sky Moon Tourbillon | Revolution Watch". Revolution. 2013-06-01. Retrieved 2019-01-30.
  115. "Patek Philippe | Poly Auction Hong Kong". www.polyauction.com.hk. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  116. May 23, Jack Forster; 2016. "Hands-On: A Patek Philippe Caliber 89, For Sale At Christie's New York". HODINKEE. Archived from the original on 2018-11-23. Retrieved 2018-12-13.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  117. "The Yellow Gold Calibre 89 Patek Philippe". catalog.antiquorum.swiss. Archived from the original on 2018-11-24. Retrieved 2018-11-23.
  118. "Patek, Philippe, Genève. The white gold "Calibre 89"". catalog.antiquorum.swiss. Archived from the original on 2018-11-24. Retrieved 2018-11-23.
  119. May 14, Arthur Touchot; 2017. "Auction Report: Patek Philippe Caliber 89 Fails To Sell (Again)". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2018-12-13.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  120. "Hands-On: A Patek Philippe Caliber 89, For Sale At Christie's New York - HODINKEE". HODINKEE. Archived from the original on 2018-11-23. Retrieved 2018-11-23.
  121. "Patek Philippe Calibre 89 sold for $5 million". JCK. Archived from the original on 2018-11-23. Retrieved 2018-11-23.
  122. October 21, Evald Muraj; 2014. "Introducing The Patek Philippe Grandmaster Chime Ref. 5175R, Their Most Complicated Wristwatch Yet". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2018-12-11.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  123. Wright, Erica (2014-10-14). "Patek Philippe unveils $2.6M watch". www.cnbc.com. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  124. GENEVE, PATEK PHILIPPE SA. "Patek Philippe | Grand Complications Grand Master Chime 6300G-001". Patek Philippe SA. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
  125. March 17, Benjamin Clymer; 2016. "Introducing: The Grandmaster Chime Reference 6300G – The Most Complicated Patek, Now In White Gold". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2019-01-05.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  126. "Patek Philippe Goes 'Simple' With a $2.3 Million Wristwatch". www.bloomberg.com. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
  127. "From Elvis to Mick Jagger – 16 rock stars and their watches | CHRONEXT". The destination for fine timepieces | CHRONEXT. Retrieved 2019-02-20.
  128. "Patek Philippe. PATEK PHILIPPE, GENÈVE, REF. 2499/100, MOVEMENT NO. 869'308, CASE NO. 2'817'876, MANUFACTURED IN 1987". www.christies.com. Retrieved 2019-02-20.
  129. June 29, Jack Forster; 2017. "Found: A Patek Philippe Ref. 1563 Owned By Duke Ellington And A Cloisonné World Time Clock, Coming Up At The Patek Grand Exhibition". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2018-12-11.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  130. "Profiles in Time: Clark Gable's Watches". Crown & Caliber Blog. 2017-06-02. Retrieved 2019-02-24.
  131. April 23, Valerie Jack |; 2013 (2013-04-23). "Pablo Picasso Spotted Wearing Patek Philippe Ref. 2497". Luxury Watch Trends 2018 - Baselworld SIHH Watch News. Retrieved 2018-12-11.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  132. December 5, Kate Winick; 2011. "In-Depth: A Look At The Wristwatches Of Elizabeth Taylor". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2019-02-12.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  133. "Patek Philippe Opens New Museum". JCK. Retrieved 2018-12-13.
  134. Orologi 2010 - Le Collezioni: Orologi meccanici più prestigiosi del mondo (in Italian). Script edizioni. 2012. ISBN 9788866147251.
  135. "Andy Warhol's Patek Philippe Reference 2503 | Christie's". www.christies.com. Retrieved 2019-01-08.
  136. https://www.mensxp.com/fashion/style-trends/70957-shah-rukh-khan-wears-a-patek-phillipe-worth-rs-30-lakh.html
  137. https://www.gq.com/story/watches-of-the-week-1-10-20
  138. October 23, Jack Forster; 2015. "Found: The Patek Philippe Owned By The Founder Of Coca-Cola, And Other Ultra Cool Pateks Now On Exhibit At Tiffany New York". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2019-01-15.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  139. Reardon, John (2008). Patek Philippe in America: Marketing the World's Foremost Watch. Cefari Publishing. ISBN 0982037929.
  140. "FOR J. PIERPONT MORGAN. MINUTE REPEATING TOURBILLON & SPLIT-SECONDS CHRONOGRAPH". catalog.antiquorum.swiss. Retrieved 2019-02-19.
  141. Peña, Michael (2005-11-02). "Donor's generosity brings Jane Stanford's wayward watch home". Stanford University. Retrieved 2019-01-12.
  142. "Jane Stanford's Jewelry and Pocket Watch". cprr.org. Retrieved 2019-01-13.
  143. Warner, Charles (2009-05-04). Media Selling: Television, Print, Internet, Radio. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781405158398.
  144. Grout, Pam (2008-05-20). The 100 Best Worldwide Vacations to Enrich Your Life. National Geographic Books. ISBN 9781426203442.
  145. Ehrlich, Jake (2011-05-11). "1990 Patek Philippe Ladies Ad A Patek Philippe Tells You Something About Yourself". ...Welcome to PatekMagazine.com...Home of Jake's Patek Philippe World... Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  146. "Profiles in Time: Albert Einstein". Crown & Caliber Blog. 2018-03-22. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  147. Ehrlich, Jake (2011-05-02). "1980 Albert Einstein's Patek Philippe Ad..." ...Welcome to PatekMagazine.com...Home of Jake's Patek Philippe World... Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  148. "[EINSTEIN, Albert (1879-1955)]". www.christies.com. Retrieved 2019-01-28.
  149. June 15, Eric Wind; 2016. "Found: The Dalai Lama's Patek Philippe, Gifted By FDR Via An OSS Officer Who Was The Grandson Of Leo Tolstoy (Seriously)". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2018-12-11.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  150. "1981 Patek Philippe watch Leo Tolstoy Tolstoi theme vintage print ad". eBay. Retrieved 2019-01-24.
  151. Hedin, Naboth (1950-10-01). "Winning the Nobel Prize". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2019-01-18.
  152. "5 Minutes with... Pope Pius IX's Patek Philippe pocket watch | Christie's". www.christies.com. Retrieved 2018-12-22.
  153. March 14, John Reardon; 2013. "In-Depth: A Study Of Holy Horology, Or Popes And Their Pateks". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2018-12-22.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  154. Ehrlich, Jake (2013-03-22). "President Nicolas Sarkozy Patek Philippe Perpetual Calendar". ...Welcome to PatekMagazine.com...Home of Jake's Patek Philippe World... Retrieved 2019-01-27.
  155. Samuel, Henry (2012-04-17). "France election 2012: a flash of bling as Nicolas Sarkozy hides his £50,000 watch". ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 2019-01-27.
  156. June 2, Benjamin Clymer; 2017. "Found: Vladimir Putin's Patek Philippe 5208P Grand Complication For Sale At Antiquorum". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2018-12-11.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  157. "Putin's Flashy $700K Watch Collection". ABC News. Retrieved 2019-01-27.
  158. "A Patek Philippe wristwatch formally owned by Nelson Mandela is seen..." Getty Images. Retrieved 2019-02-09.
  159. "Patek Philippe President USA Larry Pettinelli Talks His Favorite Timepiece In The 2017 Grand Exhibition: John F. Kennedy's Clock". Quill & Pad. 2017-07-13. Retrieved 2019-01-25.
  160. February 17, Eric Wind; 2014. "Historical Perspectives: Your Complete Guide To The Watches Of United States Presidents (Updated Yet Again)". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2018-12-11.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  161. February 16, Eric Wind; 2015. "UPDATE: New United States Presidential Watches Found And Added To Comprehensive Guide". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2018-12-18.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  162. "Patek Philippe & Cie, Geneve, No. 727665, case No. 517032, Ref. 2494, circa 1957, presented by Marschal Tito, to General Dor". catalog.antiquorum.swiss. Retrieved 2019-02-12.
  163. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/from-mont-blanc-pens-to-patek-phillipe-watches-jaitleys-love-for-high-end-brands/articleshow/70827225.cms
  164. "Patek Philippe. A haven for rare artisanal skills" (PDF). Patek Philippe.
  165. "Timepieces Owned by Kings and Queens". Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
  166. "5 minutes with... King Farouk's personalised Patek Philippe 1518 | Christie's". www.christies.com. Retrieved 2019-01-05.
  167. May 15, Arthur Touchot; 2017. "Auction Report: Emperor Haile Selassie's Patek Philippe Ref. 2497 Sells For $2.9 Million". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2018-12-11.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  168. December 6, Stephen Pulvirent; 2017. "Former Romanian King Michael I, Owner Of One Of The World's Most Legendary Watches, Dies At 96". HODINKEE. Retrieved 2019-01-13.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  169. "ROCK CRYSTAL WANDERING AUTOMATA Attributed to Bouvier Frères or Chevalier & Cochet, Geneva, circa 1795-1800". catalog.antiquorum.swiss. Retrieved 2019-01-14.
  170. "Watches of the British Royal Family | Xupes". www.xupes.com. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  171. Mastine-Frost, Justin (2017-09-07). "Present Day Patek Philippe". Robb Report. Retrieved 2019-01-02.
  172. "Watches of the British Royal Family". Crown & Caliber Blog. 2017-02-27. Retrieved 2019-01-15.
  173. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/hardik-pandya-sports-watch-with-8-yr-waitlist-to-get-on-waitlist-during-surgery-sets-twitter-buzzing/articleshow/71479644.cms
  174. https://www.crictracker.com/10-indian-cricketers-with-most-expensive-watches/7/

Further reading
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.