Parupeneus pleurostigma

Parupeneus pleurostigma, commonly known as the sidespot goatfish and round-spot goatfish, is a marine fish belonging to the family Mullidae.

Parupeneus pleurostigma
Feeding on the bottom

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Mullidae
Genus: Parupeneus
Species:
P. pleurostigma
Binomial name
Parupeneus pleurostigma
(Bennett, 1831)
Synonyms[2]
  • Upeneus pleurostigma Bennett, 1831
  • Pseudupeneus pleurostigma (Bennett, 1831)
  • Upeneus brandesii Bleeker, 1851
  • Parupeneus brandesii (Bleeker, 1851)
  • Pseudupeneus brandesii (Bleeker, 1851)

Distribution

This species is native to the Indian and Pacific oceans, from East Africa to Hawaii, Line Islands, Marquesas Islands and Tuamotus, from Ryukyu to Lord Howe Island, Rapa Iti and French Polynesia.[2]

Habitat

These tropical benthopelagic goatfishes can be found mainly in island waters and occur on coral and rocky seaward reefs, over sandy and coral bottoms and in shallow lagoons, to a depth of 40–120 metres (130–390 ft).[2][3]

Description
Sidespot goatfish

Parupeneus pleurostigma can reach a length of 20–33 centimetres (7.9–13.0 in). They have nine dorsal soft rays, seven anal soft ray and sixteen pectoral rays. Snout is slightly convex and the margin of caudal-fin lobes is straight to slightly convex.

Body color range from pinkish to yellowish gray, with a broad black spot on lateral line, sometimes followed by a large pinkish spot. A black band is present below the basal dorsal fin and blue spots on the scales above lateral line. The two barbels extending form the chin are pale pink to white.[2]</ref>[3]

Biology

These goatfishes are usually solitary. They feed during the day on small fish and invertebrates, as gastropods, crabs, crustaceans (mainly crabs and shrimps), polychaetes and worms, foraminiferans, brittle stars and heart urchins, found by means of the two barbels.[2][3]

References
  1. Smith-Vaniz, W. F. & Williams, I. (2016). "Parupeneus pleurostigma (errata version published in 2017)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T69182861A115461540. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
  2. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2019). " Parupeneus" in FishBase. December 2019 version.
  3. Whatsthatfish
  • Randall, J. E. (2004). "Revision of the goatfish genus Parupeneus (Perciformes: Mullidae), with descriptions of two new species". Indo-Pacific Fishes. (36): 64.
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