Out of the Silent Planet

Out of the Silent Planet is a science fiction novel by the British author C. S. Lewis, first published in 1938 by John Lane, The Bodley Head.[2] Five years later it was published in the U.S. (MacMillan, 1943). Two sequels were published in 1943 and 1945, completing the so-called Cosmic Trilogy or The Space Trilogy.[lower-alpha 1]

For other uses, see Out of the Silent Planet (disambiguation).

Out of the Silent Planet

First edition
Author	C. S. Lewis
Cover artist	Harold Jones
Country	United Kingdom
Language	English
Series	The Space Trilogy
Genre	Science fiction novel
Published	1938 (John Lane (first))[1]
Media type	Print (hardcover & paperback)
Pages	264 pp (first edition, hard)
Preceded by	None
Followed by	Perelandra

A fragment of another sequel, evidently set a date before the events of Perelandra and That Hideous Strength, was published as The Dark Tower in The Dark Tower and Other Stories (Collins 1977), a posthumous collection of short stories and unfinished works by Lewis.

Origins

The novel, and the trilogy as a whole, were inspired and influenced by David Lindsay's A Voyage to Arcturus (1920).[3]

According to A. N. Wilson, one of Lewis's biographers, Lewis wrote the novel after a conversation with J. R. R. Tolkien in which both men lamented the state of contemporary fiction. They agreed that Lewis would write a spacetravel story and Tolkien would write a time travel story.[4] Tolkien's story exists only as a fragment, published in The Lost Road and other writings (1987) edited by his son Christopher.

A note precedes the text of the novel: "Certain slighting references to earlier stories of this type which will be found in the following pages have been put there for purely dramatic purposes. The author would be sorry if any reader supposed he was too stupid to have enjoyed Mr. H. G. Wells's fantasies or too ungrateful to acknowledge his debt to them."

Plot

An unnamed man is taking a walking tour through the English countryside. He is later identified as Dr Elwin Ransom, a philologist. He and stumbles upon a cottage where a woman is waiting for her son Harry to return. Ransom agrees to help her and goes to The Rise, the "big house" where the woman's son works. Ransom hears shouting and struggling inside, and then sees two men, Weston and Devine. trying to force Harry to enter a structure against his will. Ransom intervenes, and Devine sees him as a better prospect than Harry for what he and Weston have in mind. Devine offers Ransom a drink and a bed for the night. After enjoying what he thinks is a glass of whiskey and water, Ransom realises that he has been drugged and passes out.

When he regains consciousness he finds himself in a spherical metallic spacecraft en route to a planet called Malacandra. Wonder and excitement relieve his anguish at being kidnapped, but he is put on his guard when he overhears Weston and Devine deliberating whether they will again drug him or keep him conscious when they turn him over to the inhabitants of Malacandra, the sorns, as a sacrifice. Ransom appropriates a knife and plans to escape when he gets the chance.

Soon after the three land on the planet Ransom runs off just after he first sees the sorns, tall aliens who terrify him. He wanders around, finding that all the lakes, streams, and rivers are warm, that gravity is significantly lower than on Earth, and that the plants and mountains are all extremely tall and thin. He meets a civilised native, a hross named Hyoi, and becomes a guest for several weeks in Hyoi's village, where he uses his philological skills to learn the language of the hrossa. He discovers that gold, known to the hrossa as "sun's blood", is plentiful on Malacandra, and thus discerns Devine's motive for making the voyage. Weston's motives are later shown to be more complex: he is bent on expanding humanity through the universe, abandoning each planet and star system as it becomes uninhabitable.

The hrossa honour Ransom by asking him to join them in a hunt for a hnakra (plural hnéraki), a fierce water-creature that seems to be the only dangerous predator on the planet, resembling both a shark and a crocodile. While they are hunting Ransom and his hrossa companions are told by an eldil, an almost invisible creature, that Ransom must go to meet Oyarsa, the eldil who is ruler of the planet, and indeed should already have done so. After killing the hnakra with Ransom's help, Hyoi is shot dead by Devine and Weston, who are seeking Ransom in order hand him over to the "sorns" (the Malacandrian plural is séroni'). Another hross, Hwin, tells Ransom that he must now cross the mountains to escape Weston and Devine and fulfil his orders.

On his journey Ransom meets a sorn, but finds that the séroni are peaceful and kindly. The sorn, Augray, explains the nature of Oyarsa and the other eldila'.' The next day, carrying Ransom on his shoulder, Augray takes him to Oyarsa.

After a stop at the dwelling place of a sorn scientist, where Ransom is questioned thoroughly about Earth, he reaches Meldilorn, the island home of Oyarsa. There Ransom meets a pfifltrigg who tells him about the beautiful houses and works of art that his people make in their native forests. Ransom is then led to Oyarsa, who explained that there is an Oyarsa for each of the planets in our solar system. The Oyarsa of Earth, which is known to the eldila as Thulcandra, "the silent planet", has become "bent", or evil, and has been restricted to Thulcandra after "a great war" on the authority of Maleldil, the ruler of the universe. Ransom is ashamed at how little he can tell the Oyarsa of Malacandra about Earth, and how foolish he and other humans seem to Oyarsa.

While the two are talking Devine and Weston are brought in, guarded by hrossa because they have killed three members of that species. Weston does not believe that Oyarsa exists and tries to terrify, then pacify the Malachandrians with decorative beads. Oyarsa sends him away to have his head dipped in cold water. Oyarsa then directs a pfifltrigg to "scatter the movements that were" the bodies of Hyoi and the two other hrossa using a small crystalline instrument that makes the bodies vanish. Weston is brought back and makes a long speech justifying his proposed invasion of Malacandra on "progressive" and evolutionary grounds, which Ransom attempts to translate into Malacandrian, thus laying bare the brutality and crudity of Weston's ambitions. Oyarsa acknowledges that Weston is acting out of a sense of duty to his species and not mere greed, but he points out that Weston's loyalty is only to "the seed" of Man, which he seeks to propagate. Weston responds that if Oyarsa does not understand Man's basic loyalty to Man, then he, Weston, cannot possibly instruct him.

Oyarsa tells Weston and Devine that he cannot tolerate their presence, and lets them leave the planet immediately, under very unfavourable orbital conditions. Oyarsa offers Ransom the option of staying on Malacandra, but Ransom decides he does not belong there either. Oyarsa gives the men ninety days' worth of air and other supplies. On the voyage back Ransom becomes conscious of eldila as benevolent presences within the spaceship, After it lands on Earth the spaceship is "unbodied".

Lewis, appearing as a character in his own novel, happens to write to Ransom asking whether he has come across the medieval Latin word Oyarses. This prompts Ransom to let Lewis in on his secret. Ransom then dedicates himself to the mission that the Oyarsa of Malacandra gave him: stopping Weston from doing further evil. .

Characters

• Dr Elwin Ransom – A professor of philology at a college of the University of Cambridge, and gifted with languages. He befriends first many hrossa, then some seroni, and at last Oyarsa.
• Dr Weston – A thick-set physicist, savage, arrogant and greedy, who considers himself ultra-civilised. He mocks "classics and history and such trash"[5] in favor of the hard sciences and imperialism and, boasting to Ransom about his achievements in interplanetary travel, declares, "You cannot be so small-minded as to think that the rights of an individual or of a million individuals are of the slightest importance in comparison with this."[6]
• Dick Devine – Later a politician, Weston's "power-hungry accomplice"[7] possesses "that kind of humour which consists in a perpetual parody of the sentimental or idealistic clichés of one's elders."[8] "He was quite ready to laugh at Weston's solemn scientific idealism. He didn't give a damn, he said, "for the future of the species or the meeting of two worlds."[9] He instead is motivated solely by greed for wealth and seeks to exploit Malacandra for its gold.
• Hyoi – Ransom's first hross friend; they meet in Chapter 9, and Hyoi begins to teach him the Old Solar language and the practical philosophy of the hrossa. Hyoi is murdered by Weston.
• Hnohra – An older hross who teaches Ransom the "Old Solar" language.
• Augray – A sorn who saves Ransom from near-death on his freezing mountain-top, asks him many questions about Earth, and carries him to Meldilorn to meet Oyarsa.
• Kanakaberaka – A pfifltrigg who carves Ransom's portrait onto a stone at Meldilorn.
• Oyarsa – An undying, wise and compassionate being, the greatest eldil to visit Malacandra, who functions as its ruler. Oyarsa tells Ransom that he "sent for" Ransom to visit him from Thulcandra (thus establishing Ransom's special qualities in the two sequels).

Reception

Peter Nicholls describes Out of the Silent Planet and Perelandra as "planetary romances with elements of medieval mythology. Each planet is seen as having a tutelary spirit; those of the other planets are both good and accessible, while that of Earth is fallen, twisted and not known directly by most humans. These two books are powerfully imagined, although their scientific content is intermittently absurd."[10]

Anna K. Nardo wrote (in Extrapolation, Summer 1979) that "as the reader travels with Ransom into Deep Heaven, he too is introduced to worlds where myth comes true and where what are merely artificial constructs to delineate kinds of poetry on earth become living realities in the heroic world of Mars and the pastoral world of Venus. Through identification with Ransom, the reader tastes what, Lewis seems to believe, is almost impossible in the modern world: pure epic and pure lyric experiences."[7]

Robert McClenaghan writes that "Out of the Silent Planet, the shortest and most straightforward of the [Space Trilogy] books, incorporates many of the elements of classic science fiction, including a space flight, meetings with fantastic aliens, and an extended depiction of another planet. Were it not for the theological backdrop (which comes into focus only toward the story's end), Out of the Silent Planet could pass as merely a well-written and exceptionally erudite pulp novel."[11]

Hrossa, séroni, pfifltriggi

On Malacandra there are three native species of hnau, reasoning species such as humans ("sentient races" in popular science fiction terms).

The hrossa (singular hross) resemble bipedal otters or seals, and are somewhat taller and thinner than humans. Ransom finds them beautiful: "covered, face and all, with thick black animal hair, and whiskered like a cat ... glossy coat, liquid eye, sweet breath and whitest teeth" (p. 59, Chap. 9). They live in the low river valleys (handramit in the speech of the eldila) and specialise in farming, fishing, and performing arts such as dancing and poetry. They are especially gifted in making poetry; yet they refuse to write it down as they believe that books ruin words and poems. Their technical level is low, and they wear only pocketed loincloths. The boats that they build are similar to our canoes. They add an initial /h/ sound to their words. Their sense of humor is "extravagant and fantastic" (Chap. 18). In the sequels it is made clear that the language of the hrossa is the primary Old Solar language, and that the languages of the other two species are late derivatives of it.

The séroni (singular sorn; the plural is sometimes given as sorns) are thin, fifteen-foot-high humanoids having coats of pale feathers and seven-fingered hands.[lower-alpha 2] They live in mountain caves of the high country (harandra in the speech of the eldila), though they often descend into the handramit where they raise giraffe-like livestock. They are the scholars and thinkers of Malacandra, specializing in science and abstract learning. Their technical level is high, and they design machinery, which is built by the pfifltriggi. Although they can write, they do not compose written works of history or fiction as they feel the hrossa are superior at it. Their sense of humor "seldom got beyond irony" (Chap. 18).

The pfifltriggi (singular pfifltrigg) have tapir-like heads (with a bulge at the back implying a large brain) and frog-like bodies; they lean their elbows on the ground when at rest, and sometimes when working with their hands. Their movements are quick and insectlike. They are the builders and technicians of Malacandra. They build houses and gadgets thought up by the séroni. They are miners who especially like to dig up "sun's blood" (gold) and other useful and beautiful minerals. Their sense of humor is "sharp and excelled in abuse" (Chap. 18).

Malacandra's hnau are "unfallen": free of the tendency to evil and sin that plagues humans. Ransom describes the emotional connection between the races as a cross between that of equals and that of person to an animal, mirrored in the way that humans tend to anthropomorphise pets. Members of the three races do not believe any one of the races to be superior to the others; they acknowledge, rather, that no single race can do everything.

Glossary

• Arbol — the Sun (Field of Arbol – Solar System)
• crah — final section of a poem
• eldil, pl. eldila — being of light, similar to a spirit, angel
• Glundandra — Jupiter
• handra — earth's element, land, planet
• harandra — high earth, plateau (Tai Harendrimar = "Hill of Life")
• handramit — low earth, valley
• hlab — language (Hressa Hlab = language of the hrossa, identical to Hlab-Eribol-ef-Cordi = Old Solar Language)
• hluntheline — long for, yearn for, desire (for the future)
• hnakra, pl. hnéraki — a vicious aquatic beast hunted by the hrossa. Its qualities could be those of a shark and a crocodile. Lewis may have borrowed the word from Germanic nicor, Old English niker(en), meaning "sea monster", or from the monster that is the object of Lewis Carroll's "The Hunting of the Snark".[12][13]
• hnakrapunt, pl. hnakrapunti — hnakra-slayer
• hnau — rational creature
• honodraskrud — ground-weed (honodra perhaps being an alteration of handra, + skrud "weed")
• hressni — female hrossa
• hross, pl. hrossa — one of three species of hnau on Malacandra (Hressa Hlab = language of the hrossa). It is notable that hross (cognate with the English word horse) is the word for horse in some Germanic languages (Modern Icelandic, Old Norse, Old Saxon and Frankish) descended from the Proto-Germanic hrussą. Whether Lewis used this etymology as a basis for his use of the word, or came up with it independently is not clear.
• hru — blood (hence arbol hru, gold)
• Malacandra — a compound noun, formed with the prefix Malac and the noun handra, which latter means earth, land, or planet, and referring to the fourth planet from the Sun; in English: Mars
• Maleldil — the second person with "the Old One" and "the Third One." Rules Oyarsa.
• Oyarsa, pl. Oyéresu — (Title) Ruler of a planet, a higher-order eldil
• Perelandra — a compound noun, formed with the prefix Perel and the noun handra, which means earth, land, or planet, and referring to the second planet from the Sun; in English: Venus
• pfifltrigg, pl. pfifltriggi — one of three species of hnau on Malacandra
• sorn, pl. séroni — one of three species of hnau on Malacandra (Surnibur = language of the séroni)
• Thulcandra — a compound noun, formed with the prefix Thulc, meaning "silent", and handra, meaning earth, land, or planet, referring to the third planet from the Sun in English: "Silent Planet" or Earth
• wondelone — long for, yearn for, miss (from the past)

The hrossa's word for "to eat" contains consonants unreproducible by the human mouth. It is not clear how that word would be pronounced on Venus, where Ransom, in the sequel, finds humans speaking the same language as that spoken by the hrossa.

Weston's speech and its translation

The speech which Weston delivers at the book's climax (in Chapter 20), and Ransom's effort to render it into the Old Solar spoken by the Malacandrians, demonstrate the enormous gulf in cultural and moral perceptions, which renders Weston's value judgements utterly untranslatable and may be said to make them absurd; thus creating a sort of social criticism. The “translation” that we read is to be understood as a back-translation into English of what Ransom said in Old Solar.

Weston's speech in English	Ransom's rendering into Old Solar, “which he felt to be rather unsatisfactory”
To you I may seem a vulgar robber, but I bear on my shoulders the destiny of the human race. Your tribal life with its stone-age weapons and bee-hive huts, its primitive coracles and elementary social structure, has nothing to compare with our civilization – with our science, medicine and law, our armies, our architecture, our commerce, and our transport system which is rapidly annihilating space and time. Our right to supersede you is the right of the higher over the lower.	Among us, Oyarsa, there is a kind of hnau who will take other hnau’s food – and things, when they are not looking. He says he is not an ordinary one of that kind. He says what he does now will make very different things happen to those of our people who are not yet born. He says that, among you, hnau of one kindred all live together and the hrossa have spears like those we used a very long time ago and your huts are small and round and your boats small and light like our old ones, and you only have one ruler. He says it is different with us. He says we know much. There is a thing happens in our world when the body of a living creature feels pains and becomes weak, and we sometimes know how to stop it. He says we have many bent people and we kill them or shut them in huts and that we have people for settling quarrels between the bent hnau about their huts and mates and things. He says we have many ways for the hnau of one land to kill those of another and some are trained to do it. He says we build very big and strong huts of stones and other things – like the pfifltriggi. And he says we can exchange many things among ourselves and can carry heavy weights very quickly a long way. Because of all this, he says it would not be the act of a bent hnau if our people killed all your people.
Life is greater than any system of morality; her claims are absolute. It is not by tribal taboos and copy-book maxims that she has pursued her relentless march from the amoeba to man and from man to civilization.	He says that living creatures are stronger than the question whether an act is bent or good – no, that cannot be right – he says it is better to be alive and bent than to be dead – no – he says, he says – I cannot say what he says, Oyarsa, in your language. But he goes on to say that the only good thing is that there should be very many creatures alive. He says there were many other animals before the first men and the later ones were better than the earlier ones; but he says the animals were not born because of what is said to the young about bent and good action by their elders. And he says these animals did not feel any pity.
She has ruthlessly broken down all obstacles and liquidated all failures and to-day in her highest form – civilised man – and in me as his representative, she presses forward to that interplanetary leap which will, perhaps, place her for ever beyond the reach of death.	He says that these animals learned to do many difficult things, except those who could not; and those ones died and the other animals did not pity them. And he says the best animal now is the kind of man who makes the big huts and carries the heavy weights and does all the other things I told you about; and he is one of these and he says that if the others all knew what he was doing they would be pleased. He says that if he could kill you all and bring our people to live in Malacandra, then they might be able to go on living here after something had gone wrong with our world. And then if something went wrong with Malacandra they might go and kill all the hnau in another world. And then another – and so they would never die out.
It is in her right, the right, or, if you will, the might of Life herself, that I am prepared without flinching to plant the flag of man on the soil of Malacandra: to march on, step by step, superseding, where necessary, the lower forms of life that we find, claiming planet after planet, system after system, till our posterity – whatever strange form and yet unguessed mentality they might have assumed – dwell in the universe wherever the universe is habitable.	He says that because of this it would not be a bent action – or else, he says, it would be a possible action – for him to kill you all and bring us here. He says he would feel no pity. He is saying again that perhaps they would be able to keep moving from one world to another and wherever they came they would kill everyone. I think he is now talking about worlds that go round other suns. He wants the creatures born from us to be in as many places as they can. He says does not know what kind of creatures they will be.
I may fall, but while I live I will not, with such a key in my hand, consent to close the gates of the future on my race. What lies in that future, beyond our present ken, passes imagination to conceive: it is enough for me that there is a Beyond.	He is saying that he will not stop trying to do all this unless you kill him. And he says that though he doesn’t know what will happen to the creatures sprung from us, he wants it to happen very much.

Publication history

(Information has been gleaned from the Library of Congress, the Internet Speculative Fiction Database, and WorldCat.)

Year	Country	Publisher	ISBN (available occasionally)	Binding	Notes
1938	UK	John Lane, The Bodley Head		Hardcover	1st edition. First published 1 April 1938. John Lane issued many reprints.
1943	UK	The Macmillan Company		Hardcover
1946	USA	Macmillan
1948	Austria	Amandus-Ed.		Hardcover	Title: Der verstummte Planet: Roman, trans. by Else von Juhàsz.
1949	USA	Avon		Paperback	Avon Reprint Edition. On cover: "Complete and unabridged." On cover: "Reads like the best of Merritt and Burroughs – D. A. Wollheim" Colorful cover art, by Ann Cantor, shows Ransom in a boat with Hyoi and two séroni on the shore.[14]
1949	Spain	José Janés Editor			Title: Fuga a los Espacio ("Space Flight"), trans. by Manuel Bosch Barrett. Series: Cosmic Trilogy #1.
1952	UK	Pan Books		Paperback	First Pan paperback printing. Second Pan paperback printing appeared in 1955. Cover art by George Woodman.[15]
1952	France	Hachette		Paperback	Title: Le silence de la Terre ("The Silence of Earth"); trans. by Marguerite Faguer. Series: Le Rayon Fantastique #12. Colorful cover illustration, possibly by Christian Broutin, shows a man in middle distance, a boat on water to his right, twisting mountains in the background, a twisted tree to the left, and a green sky with wispy white clouds.
1955	Sweden	FA-Press			Title: Utflykt från tyst planet ("Flight Out of Silent Planet"); trans. by Karin Hartman and Erik Egberg. Cover art by Cliff Nielsen shows a grenade-like spaceship, with a man preparing to exit from it, landing on a Mars that is more greenish than red.
1956	USA	Avon		Paperback	Cover art by Everett Kinstler shows a rocket and Ransom, distraught, looking over his shoulder at an enormous eye in the sky, all against a red background.
1958	Germany	Rowohlt Verlag		Paperback	Title: Jenseits des Schweigenden Sterns; trans. by Ernst Sander. 1st German ed. Series: rororo Taschenbuch, Ausg. 289. Cover illustration shows a green planet.
1960	USA	Avon		Paperback	3rd Avon printing. Cover artist, uncredited, appears signed as Suss or Siess.
1960	UK	Pan Books		Paperback	Great Pan "New Edition" 1960. The three previous printings in Pan were 1952, 1955 and 1956.[16] On cover: "A strikingly original story of man's leap into space – and what he finds there." Cover art, reminiscent of the work of Richard M. Powers, shows what might be two séroni, one with Ransom on his back; or possibly eldil.
1960	Netherlands	Ten Have		Paperback	Title: Ver van de zwijgende planeet, trans. H. C. Weiland.[17]
1965	USA	Macmillan		Paperback	1st pbk. ed. Issued for a juvenile audience. Publisher's summary: ... Dr. Ransom is kidnapped and spirited by spaceship to the mysterious red planet of Malandra [sic]. He escapes and goes on the run, jeopardizing both his chances of ever returning to Earth and his very life... Lewis modeled Dr. Ransom after his dear friend J.R.R. Tolkien...
1965	USA	Macmillan	ISBN 0-02-086880-4	Paperback	160 pp. Cover art by Bernard Symancyk.[18]
1966		Oxford[19]		Paperback
1966	UK	Longmans		Paperback.	Introduction and notes by David Elloway. Series: Heritage of literature series, Section B, no. 87.
1967	France	OPTA		Hardcover omnibus.[20]	Trilogy title: Le silence de la Terre / Voyage à Vénus / Cette hideuse puissance. Translated by Marguerite Faguer and Frank Straschitz. Numbered and limited printing of 4000+150 copies. Cloth cover in magenta with illustration of spaceship (or meteor) in goldenrod color.
1971	UK	The Bodley Head	ISBN 0-370-00536-8 and ISBN 978-0-370-00536-2	Hardcover	Stated Eleventh Impression.
1977	USA	Macmillan	ISBN 0-02-086880-4 ; and ISBN 978-0-02-086880-4	Paperback	(Published as Space trilogy, according to WorldCat.)
1984[21]	Portugal	Publicações Europa-America			Title: Para Além do Planeta Silencioso; trans. by Maria Luísa Gonçalves dos Santos. Series: Livros de Bolso, série Ficção Científica #80
1984	USA	Macmillan	ISBN 0-025-70790-6	Hardcover
1988	USA	Megaforce Worldwide/Atlantic		Sound recording (analog, 33 1/3 rpm, stereo.)
1990	USA	Macmillan	ISBN 978-0-02-570795-5	Hardcover	Publisher's description: A philologist is kidnapped and taken via space-ship from England to Malacandra where he escapes and goes on the run.
1996		Scribner Paperback Fiction	ISBN 0-684-82380-2 and ISBN 978-0-684-82380-5	Paperback	First Scribner Paperback Fiction edition. Cover design by Kevin Mohlenkamp.
1996	USA	Scribner Classics	ISBN 0-684-83364-6 and 978-0-684-83364-4	Hardcover	Cover art by Kinuko Y. Craft. Reprinted often.
1998	USA	G.K. Hall & Company	ISBN 0-7838-0411-3 and ISBN 978-0-7838-0411-8	Hardcover	Published December, 1998. Large-print edition.
2000	UK	Voyager / HarperCollins	ISBN 0-00-628165-6 and 978-0-00-628165-8	Trade paperback	Published June, 2000. Colorful cover art by Kinuko Craft shows Mars with pink foliage and teal river.
2002	Netherlands	Kok	ISBN 9789043504089	Paperback	Title: Malacandra, subtitle: Ver van de zwijgende planeet. trans. by A.L. Smilde.
2003	USA	Simon & Schuster	ISBN 0-7432-3490-1	Paperback	Issued 17 March 2003.
2005	Turkey	Kabalcı Yayınevi	ISBN 9789759970154	Paperback	Published July 2005. Named "Sessiz Gezegenin Dışında"
2005	UK	Voyager	ISBN 0-00-715715-0 and 978-0-00-715715-0	Trade paperback	Published December 2005. Cover art by Cliff Nielsen same as 1955 edition above.
2008	France	Éditions Gallimard	ISBN 9782070346127		Title: Au-delà de la planète silencieuse, trans. by Maurice Le Péchoux. Cover illustration by Emmanuel Malin.
2010	Ukraine	Видавництво Свічадо (Vydavnyctvo Svichado)	ISBN 9789663953151	Hardcover	Title: За межі мовчазної планети. Переландра (Za mezhi movchaznoyi planety. Perelandra), trans. by A. Maslyukh.
2012	USA	HarperCollins	ISBN 9780062197030	Electronic Book	EPub Edition

Hrossa, séroni, and pfifltriggi adopted

The hrossa, séroni, and pfifltriggi are several of the races living on Mars in Larry Niven's 1999 novel Rainbow Mars; they are referred to as the "Pious Ones" by the Barsoomian races. The hrossa are called the "Fishers", the pfifltriggi the "Smiths", and the séroni the "High Folk". The pfifltriggi are one of the races who chose to ride to Earth on Yggdrasil.

The séroni appear at the beginning of the second volume of The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen as one of the Martian races allied against the "mollusc invaders" (the Martians from The War of the Worlds).

In Scarlet Traces: The Great Game, a hieroglyphics-filled chamber seems to show the hrossa, séroni, and pfifltriggi as the original races of Mars, that were wiped out by the arrival of the War of the Worlds Martians.

Insinuation of factuality

In the Postscript Lewis gives context to the story by quoting letters that he has received from Ransom (or the person he represents). They discuss the progress made in the writing of the book and how different aspects of "Ransom's" adventure can be better represented. Ransom expresses frustration and dissatisfaction with this version of his story because it can't communicate his experiences. Ransom and Lewis also discuss the decision to make the book appear fictional to better open the minds of readers to the possibility of its truth.

Notes

1. ISFDB catalogues the "Cosmic Trilogy" series including omnibus editions of the three novels titled The Cosmic Trilogy (UK, 1990) and Space Trilogy (US, 1996).
   • Cosmic Trilogy series listing at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database. Select a title to see its linked publication history and general information. Select a particular edition (title) for more data at that level, such as a front cover image or linked contents.
   • The series is sometimes called (not titled) the Ransom trilogy after its main character, Elwin Ransom. (See Nicholls, Peter, "Lewis, C. S.," in The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction, 1995, p. 716.)
2. There is an interesting parallel with Dale Russell's speculation that a likely candidate for the evolution of intelligent life would have been a theropod dinosaur such as Troodon. Some theropods are believed to have been feathered.

References

1. isfdb
2. (first edition) publication contents at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
3. Law, Casey R. (24 February 2000) [1998]. "A Voyage to Arcturus, C. S. Lewis, and The Dark Tower". Discovery Institute. Retrieved 6 December 2019.
4. David C. Downing, C. S. Lewis Blog, "Out of the Silent Planet: Cosmic Voyage as Spiritual Pilgrimage Archived 2017-04-19 at the Wayback Machine", February 23, 2016
5. Lewis, p. 30 (Chap. 4).
6. Lewis, p. 29 (Chap. 4).
7. "Lewis, C(live) S(taples) 1898–1963 (N. W. Clerk, Clive Hamilton)". Contemporary Authors, New Revision Series. 132. Detroit: Gale. 2005. p. 250.
8. Lewis, p. 17 (Chap. 2).
9. Lewis, p. 32 (Chap. 5).
10. Clute, John; Nicholls, Peter (1995). "Lewis, C S". The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (Updated ed.). New York: St Martin's Griffin. p. 716. ISBN 0-312-09618-6.
11. McClenaghan, p. 870.
12. Cain, Stephen (2006). Encyclopedia of Fictional and Fantastic Languages. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 143. ISBN 9780313021930. Retrieved 29 May 2015. hnakra (a predatory sea serpent, which suggests Lewis Carroll's "Snark")
13. Rockow, Karen (1971–1972). "The Hunting of the Hnakra". Orcrist (6, Special C. S. Lewis Issue): 23–24. Archived from the original on 1 June 2015. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
14. Von Ruff, Al. "Out of the Silent Planet". Internet Speculative Fiction Database. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
15. Woodman, George. "[Out of the Silent Planet Cover Art of 1952 and 1956 editions]". Pan Books. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
16. Von Ruff, Al. "Out of the Silent Planet (Pan, 1960)". Internet Speculative Fiction Database. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
17. "LEWIS, C(live) S(taples)". De Boekenplank. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
18. "Archive for the C.S. Lewis Category". Alien Territory. Retrieved 1 January 2013. There are quibbles with accuracy – the landscape doesn't seem quite right, there were no spacesuits, I don't think the spacecraft was painted. But mostly, it's pretty sweet.
19. Von Ruff, Al. "Out of the Silent Planet". Internet Speculative Fiction Database. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
20. Von Ruff, Al. "Le silence de la Terre / Voyage à Vénus / Cette hideuse puissance". Internet Speculative Fiction Database. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
21. Von Ruff, Al. "Para Além do Planeta Silencioso". Internet Speculative Fiction Database. Retrieved 1 January 2013.

Further reading

• Downing, David C, Planets in Peril: A Critical Study of C. S. Lewis's Ransom Trilogy. University of Massachusetts Press, 1992. ISBN 0-87023-997-X

External links

• Cosmic Trilogy series listing at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
• Out of the Silent Planet at Faded Page (Canada)
• Quotations and Allusions in C. S. Lewis, Out of the Silent Planet, by the English-to-Dutch translator Arend Smilde (Utrecht, The Netherlands)
• Out of the Silent Planet (Canadian public domain Etext)