Old Brethren
The Old Brethren are a group of Schwarzenau Brethren who split from the Old German Baptist Brethren in Carroll County, Indiana (Deer Creek), in 1913, and in Stanislaus County, California, in 1915. They are a believer's church made up of those who voluntarily choose to follow Jesus as His disciples, and are baptized at this time, during their teen or adult years.
| Part of a series on the |
| Schwarzenau Brethren (the German Baptists or Dunkers) |
|---|
 |
| Background |
| Christianity · Protestantism · Anabaptism · Radical Pietism · Radical Reformation |
| Doctrinal tenets |
| Non-creedalism · Trine baptism · Love feast · Feet washing · Holy kiss · Free church · Anointing with oil · Non-resistance · Pacifism · The Brethren Card |
| People |
| Alexander Mack · Louis Bauman · Conrad Beissel · Donald F. Durnbaugh · Vernard Eller · Samuel Kinsey · John Kline · Peter Nead · Christoph Sauer |
| Groups |
| Brethren Church · Church of the Brethren · Conservative Grace Brethren · Dunkard Brethren · Grace Brethren · Old Brethren · Old Brethren German Baptist · Old German Baptist Brethren · Old German Baptist Brethren, New Conference · Old Order German Baptist Brethren · |
| Related movements |
| Amish · Bruderhof · Community of True Inspiration · Hutterites · Mennonites · River Brethren · Quakers |
History
The issue which is often given as cause for division in the early 1900s was the changes brought by quick acceptance of telephones and automobiles among the Old German Baptist Brethren. Generally, the more conservative Old Brethren originally wanted more uniform adherence to Annual Meeting decisions. Ultimately the Old Brethren chose to uphold the older form of Annual Meeting, which was simpler and more Scripture based than the legislative business model which had recently developed among the Old German Baptist Brethren. Attempts in 1929-30 to reunite the Old Brethren and Old German Baptist Brethren were not successful.
After 1930, the Old Brethren placed less stress on Annual Meeting authority than did the parent body, believing it to be a simple gathering more for edification, fellowship and teaching, than for legislation. Personal conviction and moral persuasion to follow the Bible are now the basis for adherence to the church's order, rather than legislative decisions of Annual Meeting.
In 1939, those Old Brethren who wished to stress following legislative decisions of Annual Meeting and also to maintain the rejection of automobiles, telephones, electricity and tractors formed a more conservative traditional group, called the Old Brethren German Baptists.[1]
Religious practice
The Old Brethren do not use the German language in worship any longer, neither a German dialect in everyday life nor High German for Bible and church readings, because they had already given up the everyday use of the German language when the first split of conservatives from the main body of German Baptist Brethren occurred in the 1880s. They have given up horse and buggy transportation and accepted the use of automobiles, while they have retained plain dress.
The Old Brethren prefer to allow time and space for the Holy Spirit to guide a person's life. Brotherly counsel according to Matthew 18 and other Scripture is also followed. Teachings of the New Testament are interpreted and applied literally, especially those in the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5-7.)
They have less rules than the German Baptist Brethren, preferring to let the Holy Spirit convict hearts and lead people to live holy lives, according to the Scriptures.
Old Brethren are more plain in dress and more conservative in lifestyle than their parent group, the Old German Baptist Brethren; but are similar to them in many other aspects such as nonresistance, using the Trine Immersion mode of baptism and the three-part communion service including feetwashing and a love feast.[2]
Members and congregations
In 1980 the Old Brethren numbered about 230 adult members. Old Brethren membership in 2000 was 350 in five congregations with a total population of 651.[3] As of 2020 Old Brethren reside mainly near Salida, CA, Modesto, CA, Tuolumne, CA, Wakarusa, IN and Goshen, IN, between Bradford, OH, Dayton, OH, Greenville, OH, New Lebanon, OH, and Palestine OH; and near Harrison and Marble Falls, AR with a total of 8 meeting houses in use.[4] There are Old Brethren private church schools at Nappanee IN, Palestine, OH and Tuolumne, CA. Those children who do not attend Christian schools are usually home schooled.
Publishing
A weekly periodical, The Pilgrim, was started in 1870 by brothers Henry Boyer Brumbaugh and J. B. Brumbaugh in James Creek, Pennsylvania.[5] This was later changed to be published monthly, and came to be affiliated with the Old Brethren Church.[6]
See also
References
- The Brethren Encyclopedia, Vol. II, Donald F. Durnbaugh, editor (1983) The Brethren Encyclopedia Inc. pages 964/5.
- Donald B. Kraybill, C. Nelson Hostetter: "Anabaptist World USA", Scottdale PA, 2001, page 155.
- Donald B. Kraybill, C. Nelson Hostetter: "Anabaptist World USA", Scottdale PA, 2001, page 155.
- The Brethren Encyclopedia, Vol. II, Donald F. Durnbaugh, editor (1983) The Brethren Encyclopedia Inc. page 965.
- Dove, Frederick Denton (1932). Cultural changes in the Church of the Brethren: A Study in Cultural Sociology. Elgin, IL & Philadelphia, PA: Brethren Publishing House / University of Pennsylvania. p. 116.
- Internet Archive: The Pilgrim