National Route 1A (Vietnam)

National Route 1A (Vietnamese: Quốc lộ 1A (or abbrv. QL1A) or Đường 1) is the trans-Vietnam highway. The route begins at km 0 at Hữu Nghị Quan Border Gate near the China-Vietnam border[1], runs the length of the country connecting major cities including Hanoi, Da Nang and Ho Chi Minh City, and ends at km 2301.34 at Năm Căn township in Cà Mau Province.

National Route 1A
Quốc lộ 1A
National Route 1A near Từ Sơn, Bắc Ninh Province
Route information
Part of
Length2,301.340 km (1,429.986 mi)
ExistedEarly 20th century–present
Major junctions
North end G7211 at Friendship Pass, Lạng Sơn Province
  in Đồng Đăng, Cao Lộc District, Lạng Sơn Province

in Lạng Sơn, Lạng Sơn Province
in Kép, Lạng Giang District, Bắc Giang Province
in Hồng Thái Commune, Việt Yên District, Bắc Giang Province
in Bắc Ninh, Bắc Ninh Province
at Ninh Xá Junction, Bắc Ninh, Bắc Ninh Province
in Võ Cường Ward, Bắc Ninh, Bắc Ninh Province
at Chui Bridge, Long Biên District, Hà Nội
in Phủ Lý, Hà Nam Province
in Ninh Bình, Ninh Bình Province
in Tào Xuyên Ward, Thanh Hóa, Thanh Hóa Province
in Thanh Hóa, Thanh Hóa Province
in Thanh Hóa, Thanh Hóa Province
at Yên Lý Junction, Diễn Yên Commune, Diễn Châu District, Nghệ An Province
in Diễn Châu, Diễn Châu District, Nghệ An Province
in Vinh, Nghệ An Province
in Vinh, Nghệ An Province
in Ba Đồn, Quảng Trạch District, Quảng Bình Province
in Đông Hà, Quảng Trị Province
in Đông Hà, Quảng Trị Province
Hồ Chí Minh Highway in Triệu Giang Commune, Triệu Phong District, Quảng Trị Province
in Hòa Vang District, Quảng Nam Province
at Cây Cốc Junction, Thăng Bình District, Quảng Nam Province
at Quán Cơm Hill, Sơn Tịnh, Sơn Tịnh District, Quảng Ngãi Province
AH132 at Thạch Trụ Junction, Đức Lân Commune, Mộ Đức District, Quảng Ngãi Province
in An Nhơn District, Bình Định Province
in Quy Nhơn, Bình Định Province
in Sông Cầu District, Phú Yên Province
in Tuy Hòa, Phú Yên Province
in Ninh Hòa, Khánh Hòa Province
at Rù Rì Pass in Vĩnh Lương Commune, Nha Trang, Khánh Hòa Province
in Diên Khánh, Diên Khánh District, Khánh Hòa Province
near Cam Thịnh Đông Commune, Cam Ranh, Khánh Hòa Province
in Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm, Ninh Thuận Province
in Phan Thiết, Bình Thuận Province
at Hàm Tân Junction, Tân Nghĩa Commune, Hàm Tân, Bình Thuận Province
at Tân Phong Junction, Xuân Tân Commune, Long Khánh, Đồng Nai Province
in Hố Nai Ward, Biên Hòa, Đồng Nai Province
near Long Bình Tân Ward, Biên Hòa, Đồng Nai Province
at Tam Hiệp Junction, Tam Hiệp Ward, Tam Hiệp District, Biên Hòa, Đồng Nai Province
in Linh Xuân Commune, Thủ Đức District, Hồ Chí Minh City
in Tam Bình Ward, Thủ Đức District, Hồ Chí Minh City
in Tam Bình Ward, Thủ Đức District, Hồ Chí Minh City
in District 12, Hồ Chí Minh City
North–South Expressway in Bình Chánh District, Hồ Chí Minh City
in Tân An, Long An Province
in Ward 10, Mỹ Tho, Tiền Giang Province
at An Hữu Junction, Cái Bè District, Tiền Giang Province
at Mỹ Thuận Bridge, Vĩnh Long, Vĩnh Long Province
at Cái Vồn, Bình Minh District, Vĩnh Long Province
at Cái Tắc Junction, Cái Tắc, Châu Thành A District, Hậu Giang Province

in Ward 7, Sóc Trăng, Sóc Trăng Province
South endNăm Căn, Năm Căn District, Cà Mau Province
Highway system
Highways in Vietnam
← Đường 279Đường 1B →

Road layout

National Route 1A runs across provinces and cities of Vietnam:

Specifications
  • Total length 2,300.45 km [1]
  • Road width: 10–12 m
  • Road surface: paved with asphalt
  • Total bridges: 874 bridges, bridge load varies from 25 to 30 metric tonnes

History
Highway QL-1, 1968.

The National Route 1A was constructed by the French colonists in early 20th century. It has been upgraded recently by Japanese ODA as well as loans from World Bank. During both the First Indochina War and Second Indochina War (the Vietnam War), Road 1A was the site of a number of battles between Vietnamese forces and French or American troops. One of the most notable engagements was the French Operation Camargue in 1953.

During the Republic of Vietnam regime (1954-1975), there are two divided sections of the main highway from Quang Tri to Ba Xuyen (Ca Mau): QL-1 (National Highway 1) and QL-4 (National Highway 4). Extensive upgrade work was done on the QL-1, and QL-19 by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers[2] during the 2nd Indo China War. In 1966 the 19th Combat Engineer Battalion began to "upgrade highway QL-1 from virtually a dirt trail, to a class 31 all-weather road,[3] from Qui Nhon north to Bong Son."[4] By 1970, the QL-1 had been upgraded all the way to Mo Duc. QL-1 bypass the route around Saigon-Bien Hoa. In the Mekong Delta, NH4 (now National Highway 1A) stretches distance of Long An province to Ba Xuyen (Ca Mau) province.

Future

The central section of the highway, from Hanoi to Cần Thơ, is planned to be duplicated by the North-South Expressway.

References
  1. Vietnam Road Atlas (Tập Bản đồ Giao thông Đường bộ Việt Nam). Cartographic Publishing House (Vietnam), 2004
  2. "Our History" (PDF). 19th Combat Engineer Btn., Vietnam. Retrieved December 22, 2019.
  3. "Planning and design of Roads, Airfields, and Heliports in the theater of operations" (PDF). Department of the Army. 1994. Retrieved 2019-12-22.
  4. "Our History" (PDF). 19th Combat Engineer Btn., Vietnam. Retrieved 22 December 2019.
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