Myliobatiformes
Myliobatiformes is one of the four orders of batoids, cartilaginous fishes related to sharks.[1][2] They were formerly included in the order Rajiformes, but more recent phylogenetic studies have shown the myliobatiforms to be a monophyletic group, and its more derived members evolved their highly flattened shapes independently of the skates.[3][4]
| Myliobatiformes | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Short-tail stingray, Dasyatis brevicaudata | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Superorder: | Batoidea |
| Order: | Myliobatiformes Compagno, 1973 |
| Suborders | |
|
See text for families. | |
Camouflaged round ribbontail ray
Classification
Nelson's 2006 Fishes of the World arranges the Myliobatiformes as:
- Suborder Platyrhinoidei
- Family Platyrhinidae (thornbacks)
- Suborder Zanobatoidei [nb 1]
- Family Zanobatidae (panrays)
- Suborder Myliobatoidei (stingrays)
- Superfamily Hexatrygonoidea
- Family Hexatrygonidae (sixgill stingray)
- Superfamily Urolophoidea
- Family Plesiobatidae (deepwater stingray)
- Family Urolophidae (round stingrays)
- Superfamily Urotrygonoidea
- Family Urotrygonidae (American round stingrays)
- Superfamily Dasyatoidea
- Family Dasyatidae (whiptail stingrays)
- Family Potamotrygonidae (river stingrays)
- Family Gymnuridae (butterfly rays)
- Family Myliobatidae (eagle rays)
- Family Mobulidae (manta rays, devil rays)
- Family Aetobatidae (eagle rays)
- Family Rhinopteridae (cownose rays)
- Superfamily Hexatrygonoidea
- Genetic evidence now places Zanobatidae in Rhinopristiformes[5][6] or a sister taxon to Rhinopristiformes.[7]
References
- Froese, R.; Pauly, D. "Myliobatiformes". WoRMS. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
- "Order Summary for Myliobatiformes". FishBase. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
- Nelson, J.S. (2006). Fishes of the World (fourth ed.). John Wiley. pp. 69–82. ISBN 0-471-25031-7.
- Martin, R. Aidan. "Myliobatiformes: Stingrays". ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
- Naylor, G.J.P.; Caira, J.N.; Jensen, K.; Rosana, K.A.M.; Straube, N.; Lakner, C. (2012). Carrier, J.C.; Musick, J.A.; Heithaus, M.R. (eds.). Elasmobranch Phylogeny: A Mitochondrial Estimate Based on 595 Species. Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives (2 ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. pp. 31–56.
- Aschliman; Nishida; Miya; Inoue; Rosana; Naylord (2012). "Body plan convergence in the evolution of skates and rays (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 63 (1): 28–42. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.12.012.
- Last, P.R.; Séret, B.; Naylor, G.J.P. (2016). "A new species of guitarfish, Rhinobatos borneensis sp. nov. with a redefinition of the family-level classification in the order Rhinopristiformes (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea)". Zootaxa. 4117 (4): 451–475. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4117.4.1. PMID 27395187.
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