Maban languages
The Maban languages are a small family of languages which have been included in the proposed Nilo-Saharan family. Maban languages are spoken in eastern Chad, the Central African Republic and western Sudan (Darfur).
| Maban | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | Chad, Sudan, Central African Republic |
| Linguistic classification | Nilo-Saharan?
|
| Subdivisions |
|
| Glottolog | maba1274[1] |
 | |
Languages
The Maban branch includes the following languages:
- Mimi of Nachtigal
- Maban proper
The languages attested in two word lists labelled "Mimi", collected by Decorse (Mimi-D) and Nachtigal (Mimi-N), have also been classified as Maban, though this has been contested. Mimi-N appears to have been remotely related to Maban proper, while Mimi-D appears to have not been Maban at all, with the similarities due to language contact with locally dominant Maba.
Comparative vocabulary
Sample basic vocabulary for Maban languages:
| Language | eye | ear | nose | tooth | tongue | mouth | blood | bone | tree | water | eat | name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maba[2] | kàʃì-k/-ñi | koi-k | boiñ | sati-k | delmi-k | kan-a/-tu | àríi | kàñjí-k | soŋgo-k | inji | -añ- | mílí-i/-síi |
| Masalit[2] | kóo-gí/-sí | kwóyɛ̀ | dúrmì | kácìŋgi | gélmèdì | kánà | fàríŋ | kónjì | síŋgì | sá | -iny- | mirsi/-ldiŋ |
| Aiki[2] | kàs-`k/-ò | kàsá | mùndú | sàdí | àdìyím | yù-k | pày/-ó; fáai | jìŋg`r/jùŋgɔ̀rɔ̀ | rí-k | tà-k | -ñɔ̀- | mèek-í/-ú |
| Kibet[2] | kàs/-u | kàsá | mùndù | sàdí | àd`lɛ́m | yù-k | fal/-u; ari | njekedi/njùkùdú | ri-k | ta | -ñɔ̀- | m lk-i/-udɔ |
| Mimi of Nachtigal[3] | kal | kuyi | hur | ziːk | mil | ari | kadʒi | sun (< Fur?) | ||||
| Mimi of Decorse[4] | dyo | feɾ | fir | ɲain | ɲyo | su | engi | ɲyam |
Numerals
Comparison of numerals in individual languages:[5]
| Classification | Language | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maba | Maba | tɛ́ɡ, tɔ́ː | mbàːr, mbíːr, mbùl | kùŋàːl, káyáŋ | àssàːl, ássíː | tùːr, túːr | sit̀tàːl, síttíː < Arabic sitta | mɛ́ndrìː | íyyáː | ɔ̀ddɔ̀yí | ɔ̀ttúɡ |
| Masalit | Masalit (1) | tíyóŋ | mbárá | káaŋ | áás | tóór | ít̪í | màrí | àd̪á | àyi | ùt̪úk |
| Masalit | Masalit (2) | tîyom (without noun), tîle (with n.) | mbara | kaŋ | as | tur | iti | mâri | aya | adey | ûtuk |
| Masalit | Masalit (3) | tyǒm (without noun), tíiilò (with n.) | mbárá | káaŋ | ás | túr | ítí | màrí | àyá | àdɛ́i | ùtúk |
| Runga-Kibet | Kibet | doˈwai | mbaʀ | kʰasaŋˈɡal | ʔaːtal | tor | ʔiˈsal | mɪndɪrˈsɪʔ | mbaːkʰl | kʰaˈdɛijə | juˈtʊk̚ |
| Runga-Kibet | Runga | kʰanˈda | mba | kʰazaŋɡa | attɛi | tur | izɛi | mɪnˈdirsi | mbɑkadeli | kʰaddɛl | jtuk̚ |
See also
- Maban word lists (Wiktionary)
References
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Maban". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- Edgar, John T. 1991. Maba-group Lexicon. (Sprache und Oralität in Afrika: Frankfurter Studien zur Afrikanistik, 13.) Berlin: Dietrich Reimer.
- Lukas, Johannes & Otto Völckers. 1938. G. Nachtigal's Aufzeichnungen über die Sprache der Mimi in Wadai. Zeitschrift für Eingeborenensprachen 29. 145‒154.
- Gaudefroy-Demombynes, Maurice. 1907. Document sur les Langues de l'Oubangui-Chari. In Actes du XVIe Congrès International des Orientalistes, Alger, 1905, Part II, 172-330. Paris: Ernest Leroux.
- Chan, Eugene (2019). "The Nilo-Saharan Language Phylum". Numeral Systems of the World's Languages.
- Calvain Mbernodji, Katharina Wolf. 2008. Une enquête sociolinguistique des parlers Kibet, Rounga, Daggal et Mourro du Tchad. SIL International.
Further reading
- Edgar, John T. 1991. Maba-group Lexicon. (Sprache und Oralität in Afrika: Frankfurter Studien zur Afrikanistik, 13.) Berlin: Dietrich Reimer.
- Edgar, John. 1991. First Steps Towards Proto-Maba. African Languages and Cultures 4: 113-133.
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