KTO Rosomak

The Kołowy Transporter Opancerzony "Rosomak" (pol. Wheeled Armored Personnel Carrier "Wolverine") is 8×8 multi-role military vehicle produced by Rosomak S.A. (formerly Wojskowe Zakłady Mechaniczne) in Siemianowice Śląskie, a Polish Armaments Group company. The vehicle is a licensed variant of Patria's Armored Modular Vehicle.

KTO Rosomak
Place of origin Finland/  Poland
Service history
Used by Poland
Specifications
Mass22,000 kg (49,000 lb)
Length7.7 m (25 ft)
Width2.8 m (9 ft 2 in)
Height2.3 m (7 ft 7 in)
Crew3(commander, driver, gunner)
8 passengers
Main
armament
1 × 30×173 mm ATK Mk44 Bushmaster II gun
1 × 12.7 mm WKM-B or 1 × 40mm Mk 19 in Rosomak M3
Secondary
armament
1 × 7.62×51mm NATO UKM-2000C coaxial general purpose machine gun
EngineDI 12 Scania Diesel
360 kW (480 hp) or 405 kW (543 hp)
Power/weight15.6 kW/t (21.2 PS/t) (max weight)
Suspension8×8 wheeled
Operational
range
800 km (500 mi)
Maximum speed over 100 km/h (60 mph) on land
up to 10 km/h (6.2 mph) in water

History

In December 2002, the Polish Ministry of National Defense signed a contract to buy 690 Patria AMV vehicles, to be manufactured in Poland. The main competitors of the AMV were the MOWAG Piranha and Steyr Pandur. As part of the initial order, 690 vehicles were to be delivered in two basic variants: 313 combat IFV and 377 transport/special base vehicles. In October 2013 order increased to 997 for delivery between 2014 and 2019.

The name Rosomak (Polish for Wolverine) was chosen following a contest organized by the Nowa Technika Wojskowa magazine. The Rosomak will replace the obsolete OT-64 SKOT APCs and partially the BWP-1 IFV currently in service with the Polish Land Forces.[1]

Variants

Variants in use by Polish military
  • Rosomak - Infantry fighting vehicle variant with to Oto Melara Hitfist-30P gun turret armed with 30 mm ATK Mk 44 chain gun and 7.62mm NATO UKM-2000C machine gun. The turret has advanced fire control system with thermal sight and Obra laser warning system connected to six 81 mm 902A ZM Dezamet smoke grenade launchers. Infantry fighting vehicle variant modified for war in Afghanistan was called Rosomak-M1M, it was equipped with additional steel-composite armor, upgraded communications, wire cutters in front of driver and commander hatch, video cameras showing back and sides of vehicle on two LCD screens in troop compartment, Pilar system that detects the direction of fire. Because of additional armor this variant cannot float and has no water propellers. This variant was further upgraded to standard known as M1M. Most noticeable change is addition of QinetiQ RPGNet anti RPG net and new "sand" camouflage. Other changes include installation of Duke anti IED system and Blue Force Tracking BMS system (systems on loan from US Army). All older ("green") Rosomaks in M1 standard also received RPG Net.
  • Rosomak-M2 and M3 - Armored personnel carrier variant modified for mission in Afghanistan equipped with similar task equipment (including additional armor) as M1 variant. The main difference is that this variant is equipped with OSS-D open turret with 40 mm Mk-19 grenade launcher or 12.7 mm NSW/WKM-B heavy machine gun.
  • Rosomak-S - Armored personnel carrier variant for two anti-tank teams armed with Spike anti-tank guided missile.
  • Rosomak-WEM - (WEM for Wóz Ewakuacji Medycznej – lit. Medical Evacuation Vehicle) – armored ambulance vehicle with crew of 3, capable of transporting 3 injured soldiers on stretchers and an additional four in sitting position. The WEM-M variant for Afghanistan was equipped with additional armor and RPGNet same as in M1M variant.
  • Rosomak-WRT - (WRT for Wóz Rozpoznania Technicznego – lit. Technical Reconnaissance Vehicle)
  • Rosomak-WSRiD - (WSRiD for Wielosensorowy System Rozpoznania i Dozoru – lit. Multisensory Reconnaissance and Supervision System)
  • Rosomak-AWD - (AWD for Artyleryjski Wóz Dowodzenia – lit. Artillery Command Vehicle) – Command Vehicle for M120K Rak mortar company fire module[2]
  • Rosomak-WD - (WD for Wóz Dowodzenia – lit. Command Vehicle)[3]
  • M120K Rak - 120mm mortar artillery vehicle, first delivered in July 2017.[4]
  • Rosomak-NJ - (NJ for Nauka Jazdy – lit. Driving School)
  • Rosomak-AWD
  • KTO Rosomak
  • Rosomak-M3
  • Rosomak-WEM
  • Rosomak-WD
  • M120K Rak
  • Rosomak-WRT
  • Basic KTO Rosomak

Combat history
War in Afghanistan (2001–present)
  • The Polish Land Forces contingent, which was a part of the International Security Assistance Force operated over 100 KTO Rosomak vehicles (including 5 medevac versions) during the Afghanistan War. The APCs were equipped with additional steel-composite armor. In early 2008 a Polish Rosomak serving in Afghanistan (the version with upgraded armor) was attacked by the Taliban. The vehicle was hit by RPG-7 rockets, but it managed to fire back and then returned to base without any help required.[5] In June 2008, a Rosomak was attacked by Taliban and was hit in its frontal armor with an RPG. The armour was not penetrated. In 2009, the first soldier was reported killed while traveling in a Rosomak after an improvised explosive device exploded under the vehicle, which rolled over and crushed the gunner who had been standing in the open turret. Similar attacks had occurred before but had failed to inflict casualties.
European Union mission in Chad (2007–2008)
European Union Force Chad/CAR

Operators

Poland is the sole user of KTO Rosomak but as the first export customer of Patria Oy AMV & WZM SA has the right to export the KTO Rosomak in some markets. In 2006 the KTO Rosomak was tested in Malaysia.

 Poland

Polish Land Forces - 863 in different versions (until 2020)[6].

 United Arab Emirates

40 AMV Patria manufactured in Poland[7].

References
  1. "KTO Rosomak". Gdzie zaczyna się wojsko…. Retrieved 4 November 2014.
  2. "Wóz Dowodzenia kompanijnego modułu ogniowego 120 MM — Rosomak Spółka Akcyjna w Siemianowicach Śląskich". www.rosomaksa.pl. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  3. "Rosomaki WD przekazane". www.milmag.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  4. Wilk, Remigiusz (3 July 2017). "Poland receives first Rak 120 mm mortar vehicles". IHS Jane's 360. Warsaw. Archived from the original on 17 July 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  5. "Afghanistan: 14 lipca dotrą dodatkowe pancerze dla Rosomaków". Retrieved 4 November 2014.
  6. "Po epoce Rosomaka czas na Borsuka?". DziennikZbrojny.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 7 July 2020.

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