Josef Koudelka

Josef Koudelka (born 10 January 1938) is a Czech–French photographer.

Josef Koudelka
Josef Koudelka photographed in Venice, Italy (1986)
Born (1938-01-10) 10 January 1938
Boskovice, Czechoslovakia
CitizenshipCzech
French
OccupationPhotographer
Known forStreet photography

Biography

Koudelka was born in 1938 in the small Moravian town of Boskovice, Czechoslovakia. He began photographing his family and the surroundings with a 6×6 Bakelite camera. He studied at the Czech Technical University in Prague (ČVUT) between 1956 and 1961, receiving a degree in engineering in 1961. He staged his first photographic exhibition the same year. Later he worked as an aeronautical engineer in Prague and Bratislava.

Koudelka began taking commissions from theatre magazines, and regularly photographed stage productions at Prague's Theatre Behind the Gate on a Rolleiflex camera. In 1967, he decided to give up his career in engineering for full-time work as a photographer.

He had returned from a project photographing gypsies in Romania just two days before the Soviet invasion, in August 1968. He witnessed and recorded the military forces of the Warsaw Pact as they invaded Prague and crushed reforms of the so-called Prague Spring. Koudelka's negatives were smuggled out of Prague to the Magnum agency, and published anonymously in The Sunday Times Magazine under the initials P. P. (Prague Photographer) for fear of reprisal to him and his family.[1]

Koudelka's pictures of the events became dramatic international symbols. In 1969 the "anonymous Czech photographer" was awarded the Overseas Press Club's Robert Capa Gold Medal for photographs requiring exceptional courage.

With Magnum to recommend him to the British authorities, Koudelka applied for a three-month working visa and fled to England in 1970, where he applied for political asylum and stayed for more than a decade. In 1971 he joined Magnum Photos. He continued to wander around Europe with his camera and little else.

Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, Koudelka sustained his work through numerous grants and awards, and continued to exhibit and publish major projects like Gypsies (1975) and Exiles (1988). Since 1986, he has worked with a panoramic camera and issued a compilation of these photographs in his book Chaos in 1999. Koudelka has had many books of his work published, including in 2006 the retrospective volume Koudelka.

Koudelka has won awards such as the Prix Nadar (1978),[2] a Grand Prix National de la Photographie (1989), a Grand Prix Cartier-Bresson (1991), and the Hasselblad Foundation International Award in Photography (1992). Significant exhibitions of his work have been held at the Museum of Modern Art and the International Center of Photography, New York; the Hayward Gallery, London; the Stedelijk Museum of Modern Art, Amsterdam; and the Palais de Tokyo, Paris.

He and his work received support and acknowledgment from his friend the French photographer Henri Cartier-Bresson. He was also supported by the Czech art historian Anna Farova.[3]

In 1987, Koudelka became a French citizen, and was able to return to Czechoslovakia for the first time, in 1990. He then produced Black Triangle, documenting the wasted landscape in the Podkrušnohoří region, the western tip of the Black Triangle's foothills of the Ore Mountains, located between Germany and the Czech Republic.

Koudelka lives in France and Prague and is continuing his work documenting the European landscape. He is the father of two daughters, one who lives in England and the other in France, Lucina Hartley Koudelka, and of a son living in Italy, Nicola Koudelka.

Work

Koudelka's early work significantly shaped his later photography, and its emphasis on social and cultural rituals as well as death. He soon moved on to a more personal, in depth photographic study of the Gypsies of Slovakia, and later Romania. This work was exhibited in Prague in 1967. Throughout his career, Koudelka has been praised for his ability to capture the presence of the human spirit amidst dark landscapes. Desolation, waste, departure, despair and alienation are common themes in his work. His characters sometimes seem to come out of fairytales. Still, some see hope within his work – the endurance of human endeavor, in spite of its fragility. His later work focuses on the landscape removed of human subjects.

His most recent book Wall: Israeli and Palestinian Landscapes was published by Aperture Foundation in 2013.[4] This book is composed of panoramic landscapes that he made between 2008 and 2012, as his project for the photography collective This Place, organized by photographer Frédéric Brenner.[5] A documentary about Koudelka's work there, called Koudelka Shooting Holy Land, was released in 2015.[6]

Awards

Exhibitions
  • 1961 – Divadlo Semafor, Prague
  • 1967 – Josef Koudela: Cikáni – 1961–1966, Divadlo za branou, Prague
  • 1968 – Josef Koudela: Divadelní fotografie – 1965–1968, Divadlo za branou, Prague
  • 1975 – Josef Koudelka, Museum of Modern Art, New York
  • 1977 – Gitans: la fin du voyage, Galerie Delpire, Paris; Kunsthaus Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; The Tel-Aviv Museum, Israel; Victoria and Albert Museum, London.
  • 1984 – Josef Koudelka, Hayward Gallery, London
  • 1988/89 – Josef Koudelka, Centre national de la photographie, Palais de Tokyo, Paris; International Center of Photography, New York; Akademie der Künste, Berlin; Museum Folkwang, Essen, Germany; IVAM, Valencia, Spain.
  • 1989 – Josef Koudelka, Mission Transmanche, CRP Galerie de l'Ancienne Poste, Douchy-les-Mines, France
  • 1990 – Josef Koudelka z Fotografického dila 1958–1990, Umeleckoprumyslové museum, Prague
  • 1994 – Černý trojúhelník – Podkrušnohoří : Fotografie 1990–1994 = The Black Triangle : the foothills of the Ore mountains, Salmovsky Palac, Prague
  • 1995/97 – Periplanissis: following Ulysses' Gaze, Mylos, Thessaloniki, Greece; Zappeion, Athens; Centre culturel Una Volta, Bastia, France; ville de Rodez, France; Tokyo Metropolitan Museum of Photography, Tokyo; Museo di Storia della Fotografia, Fratelli Alinari, Firenze, Italy.
  • 1998 – Reconnaissance: Wales, National Museum and Gallery of Wales, Cardiff, UK
  • 1999/2001 – Chaos, Palazzo delle Esposizioni, Rome; Cantieri Culturali della Zisa, Palermo, Italy; Palazzo Marino alla Scala, Milan; The Snellman Hall, Helsinki; sala de exposiciones de Plaza de España, Madrid.
  • 2002 – Josef Koudelka: Fotograf, National Gallery, Prague
  • 2002/03 – Rétrospective, Rencontres d'Arles, Arles, France; Museo del Palacio de Bellas Artes, Mexico City; Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico.
  • 2003 – Teatro del Tempo, Mercati di Traiano, Rome
  • 2006 – Rencontres d'Arles, Arles, France: exhibition and laureate of the Discovery Award
  • 2008
    • Screening at Théâtre antique d'Orange, Rencontres d'Arles, Arles, France
    • Prague 1968, Aperture Gallery, New York
    • Koudelka, Benaki Museum, Athens
    • Josef Koudelka, Pera Museum, İstanbul
    • Invaze = Invasion, Old Town Hall, Prague
  • 2010 – Invasion Prague 68, Photo Cube Market Square, Guernsey[10]
  • 2012 – Zingari, Fondazione Forma, Milan
  • 2013 – Vestiges 1991–2012, Centre de la Vieille Charité, Marseilles, France[11]
  • 2013/2014 – Josef Koudelka Retrospective, The National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo[12]
  • 2014/2015 – Josef Koudelka: Nationality Doubtful, Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;[13] Getty Center, Los Angeles.[14]
  • 2016/2017 – "Exiles | Wall" Netherlands Photo Museum.
  • 2018 – Josef Koudelka: Returning, Museum of Decorative Arts, Prague [15]
  • 2019 – Josef Koudelka: Exiles, Sofia City Art Gallery, Sofia[16]

Publications
  • Diskutujeme o moralce dneska, Nakladatelstvi Politické Literatury, Czechoslovakia, 1965.
  • Kral Ubu: Rozbor inscenace Divadla Na Zabradli v Praze (with Alfred Jarry), Divadelni Ustav, Czechoslovakia, 1966.
  • Rozbor insenace Divadla Na zabradli v Praze, 1966.
  • Josef Koudelka, 1968.
  • Gitans : la fin du voyage. Paris: Delpire, ASIN B0014M0TV8; Gypsies, US: Aperture, ISBN 978-0-912334-74-5, 1975.
  • Josef Koudelka: I Grandi Fotografi, Gruppo Editoriale Fabbri, Italy, 1982.
  • Josef Koudelka Photo Poche, Centre National de la Photographie, France, 1984.
  • Josef Koudelka. Photographs by Josef Koudelka. Introduction by Bernard Cuau. Centre National de la Photographie, Paris, 1984.
  • Exiles.
    • Paris: Centre National de la Photographie; Paris: Delpire Editions; New York: Aperture; London: Thames & Hudson, 1988, ISBN 978-0-500-54208-8.
    • Paris: Delpire Editions; New York: Aperture, 1997. Revised edition.
    • London: Thames & Hudson (ISBN 978-0-500-54441-9); New York: Aperture, 2014 (ISBN 978-1-59711-269-7). Revised and expanded edition. Essay by Czesław Miłosz. Commentary with Josef Koudelka and Robert Delpire.
  • Josef Koudelka, Mission Photographique Transmanche, France: Editions de la Différence, 1989.
  • Animaux, Trois Cailloux/maison de la Culture d'Amiens, France, 1990.
  • Prague 1968, France: Centre National de la Photographie, 1990.
  • Josef Koudelka: Fotografie Divadlo za branou 1965–1970, Divadlo za Branou II, Czech Republic, 1993.
  • Josef Koudelka. Photographs by Josef Koudelka, Hasselblad Center, 1993.
  • Cerný Trojuhelník – Podkrušnohorí : Fotografie 1990–1994 (The Black Triangle: The Foothills of the Ore Mountain) Vesmir, Czech Republic, 1994.
  • Photopoche: Josef Koudleka France: Cnp, 1997, ISBN 978-2-09-754114-7.
  • Reconnaissance Wales, Cardiff, UK: Fotogallery/ National Museums and Galleries of Wales, 1998, ISBN 978-1-872771-45-8.
  • Chaos, France: Nathan/Delpire; UK: Phaidon Press; Italy: Federico Motta Editore, 1999, ISBN 978-0-7148-4594-4.
  • Lime Stone, France: La Martinière, 2001.
  • Josef Koudelka, Czech Republic: Torst, 2002, ISBN 978-80-7215-166-0.
  • Théâtre du Temps, France: Actes Sud, ISBN 978-2-7427-4435-0; (Teatro del Tempo), Italy: Peliti Associati; Greece: Apeiron, 2003.
  • L'épreuve totalitaire (essay by Jean-Pierre Montier), Delpire, France, 2004.
  • Koudelka: Camargue, France: Actes Sud, 2006, ISBN 978-2-7427-6174-6.
  • Koudelka, France: Delpire; Italy: Contrasto; US: Aperture; UK: Thames & Hudson; Germany: Braus; Spain: Lunwerg; Czech Republic: Fototorst, 2006.
  • Joseph Koudelka Photofile, Thames & Hudson, 2007, ISBN 978-0-500-41083-7.
  • Invasion 68: Prague US: Aperture Foundation, ISBN 978-1-59711-068-6; France: Editions Tana, ISBN 978-2-84567-438-7, 2008.
  • Koudelka Piedmont Contrasto, 2010, ISBN 978-88-6965-217-2.
  • Roma. Göttingen: Steidl, 2011. ISBN 9783869303888.
  • Lime, 2012, Paris: Xavier Barral, ISBN 978-2-9151-7385-7.
  • Wall, 2013, Aperture Foundation, ISBN 978-1-5971-1241-3.

See also

References
  1. Hudson, Berkley (2009). Sterling, Christopher H. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Journalism. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE. pp. 1065–66. ISBN 978-0-7619-2957-4.
  2. Warren, Lynne (2005). Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Photography, 3-Volume Set. Routledge. p. 134. ISBN 9781135205430.
  3. Richter, Jan (2 March 2010). "Art historian Anna Fárová dies at 81". Radio Prague. Retrieved 2 March 2010.
  4. "Wall, Josef Koudelka". Aperture Foundation. Aperture. Archived from the original on 26 December 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2014.
  5. Estrin, James (19 November 2013). "Josef Koudelka: Formed by the World". The New York Times. The New York Times. Retrieved 13 June 2014.
  6. "Koudelka Shooting Holy Land". IMDb.
  7. Royal Photographic Society's Centenary Award Archived 1 December 2012 at the Wayback Machine Accessed 13 August 2012
  8. "Auszeichnung für Josef Koudelka". Deutschlandradio Kultur. 7 November 2015. Retrieved 8 November 2015.
  9. "The Dr. Erich Salomon Award of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Photographie (DGPh)". Deutsche Gesellschaft für Photographie e.V. Retrieved 8 November 2015.
  10. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 27 April 2010. Retrieved 6 May 2010.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Exhibition information
  11. "Vestiges 1991–2012 / Josef Koudelka". Marseille-Provence 2013. Archived from the original on 26 December 2014. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
  12. "Exhibition Josef Koudelka Retrospective". Retrieved 14 June 2015.
  13. "Josef Koudelka: Nationality Doubtful". Retrieved 14 June 2015.
  14. "Josef Koudelka: Nationality Doubtful – The Getty Museum". Getty Museum. Retrieved 14 June 2015.
  15. http://www.upm.cz/index.php?language=en&page=123&year=2018&id=316&img=1846
  16. "Josef Koudelka Exiles;". Official site of the Sofia City Art Gallery. Retrieved 9 May 2019.

Interviews
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