Hannibal Lecter (franchise)

The Hannibal Lecter franchise is an American media franchise based around the titular character, Hannibal Lecter, a brilliant, cannibalistic serial killer whose assistance is routinely sought out by law enforcement personnel to aide in the capture of other criminals. He originally appeared in a series of novels (starting with Red Dragon in 1981) by Thomas Harris. The series has since expanded into film and television.

Hannibal Lecter
The Hannibal Lecter series of novels
Created byThomas Harris
Original workRed Dragon
Print publications
Novel(s)
Films and television
Film(s)
Television seriesHannibal (2013–15)

Novels

Films and television

The first adaptation was the 1986 film Manhunter, which was an adaptation of Red Dragon, directed by Michael Mann.

The next adaptation was 1991's The Silence of the Lambs, which was directed by Jonathan Demme and was the first film to feature Anthony Hopkins in the role of Hannibal Lecter. Silence was a success, both critically and financially, and went on to become the third film in Academy Awards history to win in all top five categories (Best Actor for Hopkins, Best Actress for Jodie Foster, Best Director for Demme, Best Adapted Screenplay for Ted Tally, and Best Picture). Hopkins reprised the role in the next two films, 2001's Hannibal, a sequel directed by Ridley Scott, and 2002's Red Dragon, a prequel directed by Brett Ratner. In 2002, Hopkins revealed that he had written a screenplay for another sequel, ending with Clarice killing Lecter but it was not produced.[1]

In 2007, Hannibal Rising was released. The film is a prequel, directed by Peter Webber and starring Gaspard Ulliel as Lecter.

In 2013, the TV series Hannibal premiered. Developed by Bryan Fuller, it is not a direct adaptation, but based on characters and elements from the novels. Some male characters have become female, such as Freddy Lounds, who is renamed Fredricka "Freddie" Lounds. The series has garnered much critical acclaim since its premiere, winning the 2014 and 2015 Saturn Award for Best Network Television Series, as well as the inaugural Best Action-Thriller Television Series in 2016.

In 2016, when asked if there were any sequels that he wished he could revisit, Hopkins said, "I made the mistake of doing two more [Hannibal Lecter movies] and I should have only done one".[2]

In 2017, Foster reprised her role as Starling in a skit titled "Clarice Probes Hannibal Lecter About Trump's Russia Ties" on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, opposite Stephen Colbert as Hannibal Lecter. In the skit, Clarice questions Lecter on his relationship with Donald Trump and what he can tell her about his relationship with Russia.[3]

In May 2012, Lifetime announced that they were developing a television series centered on Clarice Starling after her graduation from the FBI academy, titled Clarice, which was to be produced by MGM;[4] the project was never picked up and was shelved. In January 2020, Alex Kurtzman and Jenny Lumet were announced to develop the series for CBS as a sequel to The Silence of the Lambs set in 1993.[5] A month later, Rebecca Breeds was cast as Starling.[6]

Core film series crew
Film U.S. release date Director Screenwriter(s) Producer(s)
Manhunter August 15, 1986 (1986-08-15) Michael Mann Richard A. Roth
The Silence of the Lambs February 14, 1991 (1991-02-14) Jonathan Demme Ted Tally Kenneth Utt, Edward Saxon and Ron Bozman
Hannibal February 9, 2001 (2001-02-09) Ridley Scott David Mamet & Steven Zaillian Dino De Laurentiis, Martha De Laurentiis and Ridley Scott
Red Dragon October 4, 2002 (2002-10-04) Brett Ratner Ted Tally Dino De Laurentiis and Martha De Laurentiis
Hannibal Rising February 9, 2007 (2007-02-09) Peter Webber Thomas Harris Dino De Laurentiis, Martha De Laurentiis and Tarak Ben Ammar

Cast and characters
Manhunter
(1986)		 The Silence of the Lambs
(1991)		 Hannibal
(2001)		 Red Dragon
(2002)		 Hannibal Rising
(2007)		 Hannibal
(TV series)
(2013–15)
Hannibal Lecter Brian Cox Anthony Hopkins Gaspard Ulliel
Aaran Thomas (young)		 Mads Mikkelsen
Will Graham William Petersen Edward Norton Hugh Dancy
Jack Crawford Dennis Farina Scott Glenn Harvey Keitel Laurence Fishburne
Frederick Chilton Benjamin Hendrickson Anthony Heald Anthony Heald Raúl Esparza
Francis Dolarhyde
(The Tooth Fairy)		 Tom Noonan
(as Francis Dollarhyde)		 Ralph Fiennes
Alex D. Linz (young)		 Richard Armitage
Clarice Starling Jodie Foster
Masha Skorobogatov (young)		 Julianne Moore
Buffalo Bill
(Jame Gumb)		 Ted Levine
Barney Matthews Frankie Faison Jonathan Tucker
(as Matthew Brown)
Freddy Lounds Stephen Lang Philip Seymour Hoffman Lara Jean Chorostecki
(as Fredricka "Freddie" Lounds)
Mason Verger Gary Oldman Michael Pitt
Joe Anderson
Paul Krendler Ron Vawter Ray Liotta Cynthia Nixon
(as Kade Prurnell)[7]
Reba McClane Joan Allen Emily Watson Rutina Wesley
Molly Graham Kim Greist Mary-Louise Parker Nina Arianda
Rinaldo Pazzi Giancarlo Giannini Fortunato Cerlino
Cordell Doemling Željko Ivanek Glenn Fleshler
Margot Verger Katharine Isabelle
Vladis Grutas Rhys Ifans
Lady Murasaki Gong Li
Alan Bloom Paul Perri
(as Sidney Bloom)		 Caroline Dhavernas
(as Alana Bloom)
Beverly Katz Michele Shay Elizabeth Dennehy
(as Beverly)		 Hettienne Park
Jimmy Price Dan Butler Stanley Anderson Scott Thompson
Brian Zeller Chris Elliott
(as Zeller)		 Aaron Abrams
Lloyd Bowman Bill Smitrovich Ken Leung
Chiyoh Tao Okamoto
Bedelia Du Maurier Gillian Anderson
Abel Gideon Eddie Izzard

Reception

Critical reception
Film Rotten Tomatoes Metacritic
Manhunter 94% (36 reviews)[8] 75 (10 reviews)[9]
The Silence of the Lambs 96% (91 reviews)[10] 85 (17 reviews)[11]
Hannibal 39% (171 reviews)[12] 57 (36 reviews)[13]
Red Dragon 68% (188 reviews)[14] 60 (36 reviews)[15]
Hannibal Rising 16% (145 reviews)[16] 35 (30 reviews)[17]
Hannibal (TV series), Season 1 (2013) 81% (64 reviews)[18] 70 (32 reviews)[19]
Hannibal (TV series), Season 2 (2014) 98% (44 reviews)[20] 88 (14 reviews)[21]
Hannibal (TV series), Season 3 (2015) 98% (46 reviews)[22] 84 (15 reviews)[23]

Box office performance

The Hannibal Lecter films, when compared to other top-grossing American horror franchises—Alien vs. Predator, Candyman, Child's Play, The Conjuring Universe, The Exorcist, Evil Dead, Final Destination, Friday the 13th, Godzilla, Halloween, Hellraiser, I Know What You Did Last Summer, Jaws, Jurassic Park, A Nightmare on Elm Street, The Omen, Paranormal Activity, Planet of the Apes, Psycho, The Purge, Saw, Scream, and The Texas Chainsaw Massacre—is one of the highest grossing horror film franchises.

Musical

In 2005, comedian-musicians Jon and Al Kaplan, most famous for their musical re-imaginings of popular films as YouTube musicals, parodied The Silence of the Lambs, especially the film version, in Silence! The Musical. It premiered Off-Off-Broadway and has since had acclaimed productions in London (2009) and Los Angeles (2012). In 2012, it won the Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle – Score, Lead Performance, Choreography Award.[24]

References
  1. Oldenburg, Ann (October 3, 2002). "Marquee names serve up another helping of Hannibal". USA Today. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
  2. Hibberd, James (7 December 2016). "Westworld finale: Anthony Hopkins on Dr. Ford's fate". Entertainment Weekly. New York: Time Inc. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
  3. Clarice Probes Hannibal Lecter About Trump's Russia Ties - The Late Show with Stephen Colbert
  4. Schneider, Michael (May 25, 2012). "Exclusive: Lifetime Developing Clarice, Based on Silence of the Lambs Character". TV Guide. Portland, Oregon: NTVB Media. Retrieved November 10, 2012.
  5. Andreeva, Nellie (January 12, 2020). "'Silence Of The Lambs' Sequel Series 'Clarice' Set At CBS From Alex Kurtzman & Jenny Lumet". Deadline.
  6. https://deadline.com/2020/02/clarice-rebecca-breeds-cast-title-role-cbs-the-silence-of-the-lambs-sequel-pilot-1202868413/
  7. VanDerWerff, Emily (March 8, 2014). "Hannibal's Bryan Fuller on blending Busby Berkeley with murder". The A.V. Club. Retrieved October 6, 2019. Kade Prurnell is an anagram of a character from Hannibal, actually the Ray Liotta character. So it’s like, “Your anagrams are showing, Dr. Lecter.” We couldn’t get the rights to that character, because that character originated in Silence of the Lambs. The character’s name was Paul Krendler, and we wanted to call her Paula Krendler, and they said no, because the way the rights go, it’s not by the literature, it’s actually by the character’s introduction. So if a character is first seen in Silence of the Lambs, we’re screwed, as far as rights go. In order to change the character so it’s not that but sort of services the same mythology in the show and reinvent the character in a way that won’t get us sued, [Laughs.] we anagrammed her and made her slightly different from the character in both Silence of the Lambs and Hannibal to our own purposes.
  8. "Manhunter RT: Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
  9. "Manhunter MC: Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
  10. "Silence of the Lambs RT: Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
  11. "Silence of the Lambs MC: Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
  12. "Hannibal RT: Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
  13. "Hannibal MC: Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
  14. "Red Dragon RT: Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
  15. "Red Dragon MC: Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
  16. "Hannibal Rising RT: Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
  17. "Hannibal Rising MC: Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2014-01-11.
  18. "Hannibal: Season 1". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
  19. "Hannibal Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
  20. "Hannibal: Season 2". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
  21. "Hannibal Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
  22. "Hannibal: Season 3". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
  23. "Hannibal Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
  24. http://www.silencethemusicalnyc.com/
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