Guan County, Shandong

Guan County (simplified Chinese: 冠县; traditional Chinese: 冠縣; pinyin: Guàn Xiàn) is a county of western Shandong province, People's Republic of China, bordered by Hebei province to the west. It is administered by Liaocheng City.

Guanxian

冠县
County
Guanxian
Location of the seat in Shandong
Coordinates: 36.484°N 115.443°E / 36.484; 115.443
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceShandong
Prefecture-level cityLiaocheng
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Guanxian
Traditional Chinese冠縣
Simplified Chinese冠县
PostalKwanhsien

The population was 730,300 in 1999.[2]

History

As an isolated county, with relatively low education levels and a weak orthodox gentry,[3] Guan long served as center for secret societies and heterodox sects. For example Guan was one of the earliest places where Yi-he boxing was practised, namely in 1779. This material arts style later served as base for the prominent Yìhéquán (Boxer) movement. In 1861–63, the county was also the center of a rebellion against the Qing dynasty, led by Song Jing-shi and supported by the White Lotus.[4] In the last decades of the Qing Empire and the early Republic, Guan County was home to the Red as well as Green Gangs, the Yellow Sand Society, and the "Way of the Sages".[3]

References
  1. 現代漢語詞典(第七版) [Contemporary Chinese Dictionary] (7 ed.). Beijing: The Commercial Press. 1 September 2016. p. 483. ISBN 978-7-100-12450-8. 【冠县】 Guàn Xiàn
  2. National Population Statistics Materials by County and City - 1999 Period, in China County & City Population 1999, Harvard China Historical GIS
  3. Esherick (1987), p. 142.
  4. Esherick (1987), p. 141.

Bibliography
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