Ciudad Real Central Airport

Ciudad Real Central Airport (IATA: CQM, ICAO: LERL), previously known as Don Quijote Airport and South Madrid Airport, is an international airport and long-storage facility, situated south of Ciudad Real in Spain. Constructed at a cost of €1.1 billion, it was opened in 2009, and became the first international private airport in Spain.

Ciudad Real Central Airport

Aeropuerto Central Ciudad Real
Summary
Airport typePrivate
OperatorCRIA
ServesCiudad Real and Puertollano
LocationCiudad Real, Ballesteros de Calatrava and Villar del Pozo (Province of Ciudad Real, Spain)
Elevation AMSL646 m / 2,120 ft
Coordinates38°51′23″N 003°58′12″W
Map
CQM
Location in Spain
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
10/28 4,100 13,450 Asphalt
The control tower and taxiway as seen at take-off
The apron and terminal building

Operations at the site ran for three years until April 2012, when its previous management company filed for bankruptcy and went into receivership,[2] after the last flight operator, low-cost airline Vueling, withdrew its last route from the airport,[3] and it would remain closed for seven years until finally being reopened in September 2019.

Facilities

The airport features a single runway, 4,100 m (13,500 ft) long and 60 m (200 ft) wide, making it one of the longest in Spain and Europe. Its design was to enable the airport to accept all forms of commercial airliners, including the Airbus A380.[4] The passenger terminal was designed so that it could process two million passengers a year, and a maximum of ten million passengers a year if additional modules were added, while its cargo facilities were designed to handle a maximum of 47,000 tonnes a year. One part of the airport was designed with facilities to cater for private flights and sport flights. The airport is linked by road to the A-41 motorway.

Motorway exit to the airport

As part of its planned expansion, the airport was to feature a maintenance area, a heliport and an industrial zone of over 8 km². In addition, a 300 m (980 ft) long foot bridge was built to connect the terminal to the nearby Madrid–Seville high-speed rail line, towards a site for a railway station; construction of this transportation link was never started, though had such a project been undertaken and completed, it would have made Ciudad Real Airport the first in Spain to be linked to the AVE rail network, with travel times to the closest cities (Madrid and Córdoba) of 50-60 minutes.

History

Operations

Following its opening in 2009, the airport's first flights were to Palma de Mallorca, run by Air Berlin until it discontinued this service in 30 May 2010. Air Nostrum also operated flights to Barcelona, Gran Canaria, and briefly to Lanzarote.

Ciudad Real Airport began handling international flights in June 2010, with its first international service launched by Ryanair. The airline service ran three flights per week from London Stansted,[5] until its discontinuation on 11 November that year, having flown approximately 22,000 passengers into or from the airport. The cancellation of the route, which resulted in the loss of 22 jobs, was the result of a breakdown in trade agreements with Ryanair, and financial difficulties being faced by the airport.[6] Spanish low-cost carrier Vueling became the only airline serving the airport at this point, running flights to Barcelona, Paris and Palma de Mallorca, until it eventually ended services on 29 October 2011.

By 2012, the airport's financial difficulties forced the management company to file for bankruptcy, after accumulating more than €300 million of debt,[7] eventually going into receivership.[8] By 13 April 2012, all airport operations were shut down, and would remain so for more than 7 years.

Reasons for bankruptcy

Much of the fault behind the closure of Ciudad Real Airport lay within the following factors. The first factor was centered around the poor planning of its construction. During the early planning stages, some deficiencies were overlooked. The main one was its location in a Bird Special Protection Area (SPA) [9] and in the middle of the inactive Campo de Calatrava Volcanic Field, with the European Union blocking its construction until environmental protection measures had been taken (moving a portion of the protected area [10] and downsizing the airport facilities). This delayed the initial opening for four years (2008 instead of 2004).

Meanwhile, in 2006 the main airport of Madrid (Barajas) had finished work on an expansion that would allow it to handle 70 million passengers a year,[11] relieving the previously over-saturated facilities. Consequently, all the airlines that were previously considering to operate from Ciudad Real,[12] chose instead to fly from Madrid, a more convenient option for passengers from the capital, as the distance between Ciudad Real airport and Madrid is of approximately 200 km, effectively making road journeys to the airport over two hours long.

Had construction of a station on the Madrid–Seville high-speed rail line been made, as had been originally planned, journey times to the airport would have been more reasonable - at present, travel times from Madrid to Ciudad Real by train stand at around fifty minutes.[13] But before bankruptcy, only the bridge that would connect the station to the terminal was built. There is also a disused railway station in the vicinity of the airport (Cañada de Calatrava station), but it only provides access to the conventional railway, and not to the high-speed one.

Finally, the period when the airport first operated coincided with the worst years of the financial crisis in Spain, that resulted in a decrease of traffic in all Spanish airports,[14] with passenger traffic at Ciudad Real airport measured within the low thousands. In addition, its main shareholder Caja Castilla-La Mancha (a regional savings bank) [15] was the first Spanish bank to be bailed-out during the crisis,[16] due to their investments in the Airport, and in several building companies, both small local ones and some big ones such as Colonial, that failed due to the housing bubble burst.[17]

Other sources point to overoptimism in passenger numbers,[18] while a BBC News magazine report published suggestions that the airport's investors had intended for the airport to fail; all had benefited from construction contracts awarded to their own companies.[4]

On receivership

On 9 December 2013, having been considered to be a significant contributor towards the financial trouble of the creditor institutions and the Castilla-La Mancha Regional Government, Ciudad Real Airport was put up for auction with a minimum asking price of €100 million.[19] No offers were made, and so extensions were made to the sale period over time,[20] with the Commercial Court of Ciudad Real agreeing a 7th extension to the sale deadline on 27 July 2014, but with the asking price reduced to €80 million by this time.

On 17 July 2015, Chinese investment company Tzaneen International put forward a bid of €10,000 to buy the airport,[21] stating that their intention was to invest an additional €100 million towards redeveloping the airport towards becoming a European hub for Chinese cargo shipments.[22] However, the Commercial Court rejected the bid on the grounds that the offer was too low,[23][24] and that the unfinished terminal building and the car parks would not have been included in the deal.[25] In September 2015, an unidentified UK group made an offer to the court of €28 million for the airport,[26] though complications led the sale to fall through.

Under new ownership

The airport was sold in April 2016 [27] to the new company CRIA (CR International Airport SL). Due to financial [28] and bureaucratic [29] difficulties, the sale was not finalized until 2018.[30] The airport was finally reopened in September 2019,[31] and in October 2019 the Irish company Direct Aero Services opened a maintenance base.[32] Spanish firm Jet Aircraft Services (JAS) also opened an aircraft dismantling base in December 2019.[33]

In addition, the airport has also had some general aviation movements since the reopening, while commercial passenger flights are not expected in the near future.[34]

In May 2020, cargo flights returned to the airport, as part of a Guangzhou-Ciudad Real cargo corridor to bring medical equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic.[35][36] That same month, the first airplanes parking at the facilities due to that pandemic arrived for storage.[37][38]

Media

Before opening and after closure, the airport has been used in a number media ventures:

  • In 2012, Spanish film director Pedro Almodóvar used the airport to film a number of portions for his film, I'm So Excited!.[39]
  • In 2013, Volvo Trucks used the disused runway to film the "Epic Split" commercial. The scene featured actor Jean-Claude Van Damme narrating and performing the splits between two moving trucks driving in reverse. Planning for the stunt involved the use of professionals to drive the trucks, with filming done within one take and directed by Andreas Nilsson.[40]
  • On 14 July 2013, Top Gear aired a special feature film for the third episode of its 20th series, filmed earlier that year, in which presenters Jeremy Clarkson, James May and Richard Hammond visited the disused airport during a "budget" supercar challenge in Spain. The presenters took time to explore the empty terminal building, before racing their cars – a McLaren 12C, Audi R8 and Ferrari 458 – on the closed runway.[41]
  • In 2019, Canadian airline WestJet aired a commercial that was filmed in the airport.[42]

References
  1. "CQM is a IATA identifier on the official IATA site". Iata.org. 5 December 2012.
  2. Think Web Content S.L. "Ciudad Real airport to close tomorrow". Thinkspain.com. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
  3. "Ciudad Real airport shuts after just three years". Theolivepress.es. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
  4. Harter, Pascale (26 July 2012). "The white elephants that dragged Spain into the red". BBC News Magazine. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
  5. "Ciudad Real welcomes first international scheduled flight; Ryanair to serve London Stansted three times per week". 2 June 2010. Archived from the original on 1 May 2014. Retrieved 28 July 2012.
  6. Ryanair cancels the route between Ciudad Real and London from 11 November, La Vanguardia, 27 October 2010
  7. Don Quixote's phantom airport – El Pais, 31 October 2011
  8. About the Ciudad Real Central Airport.
  9. – Ecologistas en Acción, 11 May 2020
  10. – ABC, 11 May 2020
  11. https://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2006/02/04/madrid/1139028853.html– El Mundo, 11 May 2020
  12. https://www.hosteltur.com/27734_ryanair-abrira-espana-red-vuelos-domesticos-coste-2006.html– Hosteltur, 11 May 2020
  13. José M. Coronado, José M. de Ureña & José Luis Miralles (2019) Short- and long-term population and project implications of high-speed rail for served cities: analysis of all served Spanish cities and re-evaluation of Ciudad Real and Puertollano, European Planning Studies, 27:3, 434-460, DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1562652
  14. https://elpais.com/diario/2009/01/15/catalunya/1231985245_850215.html– El País, 11 May 2020
  15. https://www.expansion.com/2009/09/08/empresas/banca/1252443878.html– Expansión, 11 May 2020
  16. https://www.elmundo.es/mundodinero/2009/03/29/economia/1238361707.html– El Mundo, 11 May 2020
  17. https://www.elmundo.es/mundodinero/2009/03/09/economia/1236586195.html– El Mundo, 11 May 2020
  18. Marcinkoski, Christopher (2015). The city that never was. New York: Princeton Architectural Press - New York. p. 160. ISBN 978-1-61689-390-3.
  19. Spanish ghost airport goes on block – ABC, 9 December 2013
  20. Ciudad Real Airport Sale Extended - Tumbit, 30 July 2014
  21. Penty, Charles (17 July 2015). "This Spanish Ghost Airport May Be Sold for Less Than $11,000". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  22. "Spain's unused, billion-euro Don Quixote airport is about to be sold to a Chinese investor for just $11,000".
  23. GmbH, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (17 July 2015). "Investitionsruine: Spanischer Geister-Flughafen wird für 10.000 Euro – nicht verkauft". FAZ.NET.
  24. "Diez claves para entender la (no) compra del aeropuerto de Ciudad Real por 10.000 euros. Noticias de España".
  25. Burgen, Stephen (17 July 2015). "Welcome to Don Quixote airport: cost €1bn - now it could sell to China for €10,000". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  26. "Un grupo británico, a por el aeródromo de Ciudad Real". El País (in Spanish). Ediciones El País S.L. 14 September 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  27. El Confidencial. "El aeropuerto de Ciudad Real, vendido por 56,2 millones de euros". elconfidencial.com. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  28. El Español. "Así afloró el farol del moroso Gómez Arribas en el aeropuerto de Ciudad Real". elespanol.com. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  29. Expansión. "Juicio en Londres por el aeropuerto de Ciudad Real". expansion.com. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  30. Inmodiario. "Baleares ejecuta una sentencia y libera el dinero para pagar el aeropuerto de Ciudad Real". Inmodiario. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  31. La Tribuna. "El aeropuerto de Ciudad Real vuelve a abrir su pista". La Tribuna de Albacete. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  32. Direct Aviation. "Parking and storing aircraft just got easier!". directaviation.aero. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  33. El Mercantil. "Jet Aircraft Services elige Ciudad Real como nueva base de reciclaje de aviones". elmercantil.com. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  34. La Tribuna. "CRIA recibe más de 150 operaciones de vuelo en tres meses". La Tribuna de Ciudad Real. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  35. Diario Lanza. "Aterriza en el aeropuerto de Ciudad Real el primer avión con dos millones de mascarillas desde China". lanzadigital.com. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
  36. El Semanal de La Mancha. "Ciudad Real International Airport (CRIA), la aerolínea portuguesa HI FLY y un amplio grupo de empresarios españoles crean un Corredor Aéreo Sanitario entre China y España, con vuelos directos, sin escalas". elsemanaldelamancha.com. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
  37. La Tribuna. "Ciudad Real albergará 20 aviones de Vueling gracias a JAS". La Tribuna de Ciudad Real. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  38. El Digital CR. "El aeropuerto de Ciudad Real se convierte en un aparcamiento de larga estancia". El Digital de Ciudad Real. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  39. Busch, Simon (10 December 2013). "Spanish 'ghost airport' goes on the block". CNN.
  40. "Volvo Trucks - The Epic Split feat. Van Damme (Live Test 6)" on YouTube
  41. Scutt, David (20 July 2015). "The abandoned Spanish airport made famous by Top Gear may be about to sell for only 10,000 euros". Business Insider Australia. Retrieved 7 May 2016.
  42. "Cientos de vacas 'embarcan' en el aeropuerto de Ciudad Real". La Tribuna de Albacete. 21 October 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
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