Chresmoda

Chresmoda is an extinct genus of insects within the family Chresmodidae.

Chresmoda
Temporal range: Tithonian–Cenomanian [1]
Fossil specimen of Chresmoda obscura from Germany, on display at Galerie de paléontologie et d'anatomie comparée in Paris
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Insecta
Subclass:
Pterygota
Infraclass:
Neoptera
Superorder:
Polyneoptera
Order:
Archaeorthoptera
Family:
Chresmodidae
Genus:
Chresmoda

Germar 1839
Synonyms
  • Propygolampis

Description
Reconstruction of C.obscura

Chresmoda are large enigmatic insects with very long specialized legs, probably adapted for skating on the water surface similar to pond skaters. They can reach a body length of about 25 millimetres (0.98 in), with a forewing length of about 28 millimetres (1.1 in).[1]

These Polyneoptera of uncertain position have been considered aquatic and living on the water surface, probably predaceous on nektonic small animals.[2][3]

They lived during the Cretaceous of Brazil[4], China[5], Lebanon[3], Spain, United Kingdom, Mongolia and Myanmar, as well as in the Late Jurassic of Germany, from 150.8 to 94.3 Ma from the Tithonian to the Cenomanian ages.[1] While most species are known from compression fossils, Chresmoda chikuni is known from well preserved 3-dimensional specimens in amber.[6]

Species
  • Chresmoda aquatica Martinez-Delclos, 1989 La Pedrera de Rubies Formation and Las Hoyas, Spain, Barremian
  • Chresmoda chikuni Zhang & Ge in Zhang et al., 2017 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
  • Chresmoda libanica Nel et al., 2004 Sannine Formation, Lebanon, Cenomanian
  • Chresmoda multinervis Zhang et al., 2009 Dabeigou Formation, China, Early Cretaceous
  • Chresmoda mongolica Ponomarenko, 1986 Gurvan-Eren Formation, Mongolia, Aptian
  • Chresmoda neotropica Engel & Heads, 2008 Crato Formation, Brazil, Aptian
  • Chresmoda obscura Germar, 1839 Solnhofen Limestone, Germany, Tithonian
  • Chresmoda orientalis Esaki, 1949 Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
  • Chresmoda oweni Westwood, 1854 Purbeck Group, United Kingdom, Berriasian
  • Chresmoda shihi Zhang et al., 2009 Dabeigou Formation, China, Early Cretaceous

[1]

References
  1. The Paleobiology Database
  2. A. G. Ponomarenko Fossil insects from the Tithonian «Solnhofener Plattenkalke» in the Museum of Natural History, Vienna
  3. Nel, Andre; Azar, Dany; Martinez-Delclos, Xavier; Makhoul, Edouard (2004-03-25). "A new Upper Cretaceous species of Chresmoda from Lebanon - a latest representative of Chresmodidae (Insecta: Polyneoptera inc. sed.): first record of homeotic mutations in the fossil record of insects". European Journal of Entomology. 101 (1): 145–151. doi:10.14411/eje.2004.019.
  4. Delclòs, Xavier; Nel, André; Azar, Dany; Bechly, Günter; Dunlop, Jason A.; Engel, Michael S.; Heads, Sam W. (2008-03-01). "The enigmatic Mesozoic insect taxon Chresmodidae (Polyneoptera): New palaeobiological and phylogenetic data, with the description of a new species from the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 247 (3): 353–381. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2008/0247-0353.
  5. Zhang, Xinwen; Ren, Dong; Pang, Hong; Shih, Chungkun (2010-01-27). "Late Mesozoic Chresmodids with Forewing from Inner Mongolia, China (Polyneoptera: Archaeorthoptera)". Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition. 84 (1): 38–46. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2010.00168.x.
  6. W. W. Zhang and S. Q. Ge. 2017. A new species of Chresmodidae from Mid-Cretaceous amber discovered in Myanmar. Zoological Systematics 42:243-247


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