Cannone da 190/45

The Cannone da 190/45 was a family of Italian naval guns that were the secondary armament of two classes of armored cruisers of the Regia Marina and Hellenic Navy built before World War I. The cruisers that they were aboard saw action in both world wars. It is also believed that spare guns may have been used as coastal artillery during World War II.[2]

Cannone da 190/45
Rear port-side turret aboard Georgios Averof
TypeNaval gun
Coastal artillery
Place of originUK
Service history
In service1909–1956
Used byItaly
Greece
WarsBalkan Wars
Italo-Turkish War
World War I
World War II
Production history
DesignerVickers
Armstrong Whitworth
DesignedVickers: 1906
Armstrong: 1908
ManufacturerVickers
Armstrong Whitworth
Produced1910
Variants190/45 V Model 1906
190/45 A Model 1908
Specifications
Mass15 t (17 short tons)
Length8.9 m (29 ft)
Barrel length8.6 m (28 ft) 45 caliber

ShellSeparate loading bagged charge and projectile
Shell weightAP: 91 kg (201 lb)
Caliber190 mm (7.5 in)
BreechWelin breech block
Elevation-7° to +25°
Traverse-80° to +80°
Rate of fire2-3 rpm
Muzzle velocity864 m/s (2,830 ft/s)
Maximum firing range22 km (14 mi) at +25°[1]

History

There were actually two guns from different manufacturers that were classified as the Cannon da 190/45. One was the Model 1906 produced by Vickers which was based on their Mark "D" gun, while the second was the Model 1908 which was produced by Armstrong and based on their Elswick Pattern "C" gun.[3] The dimensions for both guns were similar and both used the same projectiles and powder charges.[4]

Construction

Construction of the Vickers gun is believed to have been 'A' tube, inner 'A' tube, wire winding for 75% of their length, 'B' tube and jacket.[2] A Welin breech block was used and separate loading bagged charges and projectiles were used.[4] The two classes of armored cruisers that carried these guns were the Pisa-class[5] and the San Giorgio-class.[6]

Ship Details:
  • Pisa-class - The three ships of this class were the Pisa and Amalfi for the Regia Marina and the Georgios Averof[7] for the Hellenic Navy. The Pisa and Amalfi had eight 190/45 V Model 1906 guns in four hydraulically powered twin-gun turrets, two on each side of the superstructure amidships, as their secondary armament.[3] The Averof had eight 190/45 A Model 1908 guns in four hydraulically powered twin-gun turrets, two on each side of the superstructure amidships, as its secondary armament.[2]
  • San Giorgio-class - The two ships of this class were the San Giorgio and the San Marco for the Regia Marina. The ships mounted eight 190/45 A Model 1908 guns in four electrically powered twin-gun turrets, two on each side of the superstructure amidships, as their secondary armament.[3]

Notes

  1. Friedman, Norman (2011-01-01). Naval weapons of World War One. Seaforth. ISBN 9781848321007. OCLC 786178793.
  2. Campbell, John (2002-01-01). Naval weapons of World War Two. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0870214594. OCLC 51995246.
  3. Friedman, Norman (2011-01-01). Naval weapons of World War One. Seaforth. ISBN 9781848321007. OCLC 786178793.
  4. DiGiulian, Tony. "Italy 7.5"/45 (19.1 cm) Model 1908 - NavWeaps". navweaps.com. Retrieved 2017-03-26.
  5. "Pisa armoured cruisers (1909) - Regia Marina (Italy)". www.navypedia.org. Retrieved 2017-03-26.
  6. "San Giorgio armoured cruisers (1910 - 1911) - Regia Marina (Italy)". www.navypedia.org. Retrieved 2017-03-26.
  7. "Averof armoured cruiser (1911) - Hellenic Navy (Greece)". www.navypedia.org. Retrieved 2017-03-26.

References

  • Campbell, John (1985). Naval Weapons of World War Two. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-459-4.
  • Fraccaroli, Aldo (1974). Italian Warships of World War II. London, England: Ian Allan Publishing. OCLC 834485650.
  • Friedman, Norman (2011). Naval Weapons of World War One. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-84832-100-7.
  • Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships: 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
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