Battle of Nezib

The Battle of Nezib or Battle of Nisib or Battle of Nizib[5][6] (present-day Nizip) was fought on 24 June 1839 between Egypt and the Ottoman Empire. The Egyptians were led by Ibrahim Pasha, while the Ottomans were led by Hafiz Osman Pasha, with Helmuth von Moltke the Elder playing an advisory role, in command of the Ottoman artillery.[7]

Battle of Nezib
Part of the Egyptian–Ottoman War (1839–1841)

Von Moltke (left) advises Hafiz Pasha
Date24 June 1839
Location
Mezar, southwest of Nezib[1]
Result Decisive Egyptian victory[2][3]
Belligerents
Egypt Ottoman Empire
Commanders and leaders
Prince Ibrahim Pasha General Hafiz Osman Pasha
Captain Helmuth von Moltke
Strength
≈30,000–46,000[4] ≈30,000–80,000[4]
Casualties and losses
4,000 killed and wounded Very heavy more than 5000 killed

Several hours prior to when the major combat began, Von Moltke had pleaded Hafiz Pasha to withdraw to a more secure and fortified position near Birecik and to await expected reinforcements, as Hafiz Pasha's forces were outmatched in quality by the advancing Egyptians.[8] Initially Hafiz acquiesced to Moltke, but not long after he decided to maintain his army's position, due to the advice of his mullahs.

The Ottoman troops under Hafiz Pasha were positioned at Mezar, southwest of Nezib, with the Nezib river on their left. Ibrahim advanced his force, under heavy Ottoman artillery fire, towards the Ottoman lines. At the same time, the Ottoman line began to take Egyptian artillery fire, and were suffering losses. By the time Ibrahim's infantry had encountered the Ottoman line, Hafiz's army was in complete rout, the Egyptian artillery having broken their morale.[9] The Ottoman army was composed mainly of recently subdued Kurdish conscripts and their moral was low.[10]

References
  1. Paton, Andrew Archibald (1870). A History of the Egyptian Revolution, from the Period of the Mamelukes to the Death of Mohammed Ali (PDF). II (2nd ed.). Trübner & Co. p. 133. Retrieved 28 October 2016.
  2. Wood, Anthony (1984). Europe, 1815-1960. Longman. p. 81. ISBN 978-0-582-35349-7.
  3. Phillimore, Robert (1854). Commentaries Upon International Law. T. & J. W. Johnson. p. 332. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
  4. Alison, Archibald, p.538.
  5. Guest, John S. (2012). Survival Among The Kurds. Routledge. p. 80. ISBN 978-1-136-15736-3.
  6. "Mehemet Ali's Rebellion". heritage-history.com. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
  7. Chisholm, Hugh, The Encyclopædia Britannica, p. 678. University of Virginia Press, 1911.
  8. Ufford, Letitia W. (2007). The Pasha: How Mehemet Ali Defied the West, 1839-1841. McFarland. pp. 22–30. ISBN 978-0-7864-2893-9. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
  9. Masson, David, Macmillan's Magazine, p. 480. Macmillan and Co., 1882. Item notes: v.46 1882 May-Oct
  10. Aydin, Suavi; Verheij, Jelle (2012). Jongerden, Joost; Verheij, Jelle (eds.). Social Relations in Ottoman Diyarbekir, 1870-1915. Brill. pp. 34–35. ISBN 9789004225183.

Bibliography
  • Alison, Archibald, History of Europe from the Fall of Napoleon in 1815 to the Accession of Louis Napoleon in 1852, p. 538. W. Blackwood, 1856.
  • Chisholm, Hugh, The Encyclopædia Britannica, p. 678. University of Virginia Press, 1911
  • Masson, David, Macmillan's Magazine, p. 480. Macmillan and Co., 1882. Item notes: v.46 1882 May-Oct


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.