Albert Boutwell

Albert Burton Boutwell (November 13, 1904 – February 3, 1978) was the 19th Lieutenant Governor of Alabama. A Democrat, Boutwell served Governor John Malcolm Patterson of the same political party, from 1959-1963.[1]

Albert Boutwell
19th Lieutenant Governor of Alabama
In office January 19, 1959 – January 14, 1963
Governor	John M. Patterson
Preceded by	William G. Hardwick
Succeeded by	James B. Allen
22nd Mayor of Birmingham, Alabama
In office 1963–1967
Preceded by	Art Hanes
Succeeded by	George G. Siebels, Jr.
Member of the Alabama Senate
In office 1946
Personal details
Born	(1904-11-13)November 13, 1904 Montgomery, Alabama
Died	February 3, 1978(1978-02-03) (aged 73) Birmingham, Alabama
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	Helen Balfour Drake(m. November 23, 1934)
Children	3
Education	University of Alabama
Profession	Lawyer

Early life and education

Boutwell was born in Montgomery, Alabama in 1904. Both his grandfathers were Confederate veterans. He graduated from (segregated) Greenville High School, and then attended the University of Alabama, receiving a bachelor of law degree in 1928. While attending university, Boutwell was a member of two fraternities: the Sigma Delta Kappa law fraternity and the Alpha Phi Epsilon honorary Forensic Fraternity. In his final year, Boutwell was also President of the Student Government Association and other groups.[1]

Career

After admission to the Alabama bar, Boutwell practiced law in Birmingham, for many years, first with Sam Pointer during the Great Depression, then with Burgin Hawkins, as Bouthwell, Pointer & Hawkins. He was also active in the Birmingham Junior Chamber of Commerce (once becoming its president, and also becoming a national vice-president). He was also active in his Methodist Church, as well as the Elk, and Mason fraternal organizations.[1]

Beginning in 1939, Boutwell was elected to the state Democratic Committee, representing District 9. In 1944, he was one of Alabama's representatives at the National Democratic Convention. He also twice served as chair of his state party's finance committee.[1]

Boutwell first won election in 1946, as Birmingham voters elected him to the Alabama Senate. After he won re-election in 1950, fellow senators elected Boutwell as their president pro-tem. During his third four-year term, Boutwell served as Chairman of the Interim Legislative Committee on Segregation in the Public Schools, and in response to the U.S. Supreme Court desegregation decisions in Brown v. Board of Education, secured passage of a pupil placement act designed to maintain segregation.[2]

He won statewide office, as lieutenant governor, in 1958.

Considered a moderate by many in Birmingham early in the Civil Rights Movement, Boutwell's election to the City Commission on April 2, 1963 was seen as a rejection of vehement segregationist Eugene "Bull" Connor. Connor attributed his loss by 7,982 votes to a 10,000-strong “Negro bloc vote”; and in fact Fred Shuttlesworth had delayed mass demonstrations of the "Birmingham Campaign" until after the election. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s famous "Letter from Birmingham jail" was addressed to Boutwell; King had been arrested on Good Friday after Boutwell had vowed to arrest, jail and punish anyone who disturbed the public peace and safety.[3] Lame duck Connor in fact met those demonstrations with police dogs and fire hoses, and the movement's leaders and Birmingham businessmen declared a truce on May 10. Later than year, Boutwell declared that school integration was not in children's interest. He was in office a few months before the forced integration of Birmingham schools by the National Guard and the bombing of 16th Street Baptist Church, which killed four young girls.

Boutwell was defeated for re-election in 1967. His pupil placement act and its popular (among segregationists) freedom of choice provision were declared unconstitutional by federal courts in 1967.[2]

Personal life

In 1934, Boutwell married Helen Balfour. They had a daughter and two sons[1]

Death and legacy

Boutwell died in Birmingham. The Municipal Auditorium was renamed in his honor.

References

1. "Alabama Department of Archives and History: Ala. Lieutenant Governor Albert Boutwell". archives.alabama.gov. Retrieved 2020-02-17.
2. "Public Education in Alabama After Desegregation". Encyclopedia of Alabama. Retrieved 2020-02-17.
3. University, © Stanford; Stanford; California 94305 (2017-04-24). "Boutwell, Albert". The Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute. Retrieved 2020-02-17.

Political offices
Preceded by William G. Hardwick	Lieutenant Governor of Alabama 1959–1963	Succeeded by James B. Allen
Preceded by Art Hanes	Mayor of Birmingham, Alabama 1963 — 1967	Succeeded by George Siebels